Convergence or Divergence

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghna Sabharwal ◽  
Roli Varma
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Scientific Practices ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Indian Immigrant ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Research Type

Do immigrant faculty trained in American higher education institutions adopt the outlook and practices of native US scientists and engineers (“convergence”), or do they diverge from such practices? The modern science paradigm holds that location will not matter significantly and that immigrants in either place will converge to a common standard of scientific practice. Drawing upon 134 in-depth interviews, this paper compares the scientific practices of two groups of Indian immigrant faculty in science and engineering: (i) those who studied and worked in the United States and then returned to India and (ii) those who continued to work in the United States. This paper shows that the two groups differed in important ways: ease of securing grants, management of grants, research environment, professional autonomy, and research type.

‘Why I Sent My Child Away’

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Srivastava ◽  
Maria Rosario T. de Guzman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Parents ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Indian Immigrant ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Busy Schedule ◽  
South Asian Indian

Although long-distance parenting is often depicted as a response to crisis (e.g., economic) or other stressful life events, it is sometimes undertaken in various culturally normative situations. This current study explores the motivations of South Asian Indian immigrant parents for sending their young children to India to live temporarily with their grandparents. This qualitative study involves in-depth interviews with first generation immigrant parents about their experiences and motivations for sending their children to India. Analysis of the data revealed five themes, namely, (a) contextual and daily challenges in caring for their children in the United States, (b) parents’ concern around paid group childcare, (c) grandparents as ideal caregivers but unable to stay in the United States, (d) presence of other extended network of relationships and support in India and (e) parents wanting their children to maintain their language and customs. Findings suggest culturally grounded beliefs around optimal childrearing (e.g., grandparents as ideal caregivers, presence of extended network of support in India and maintaining Indian traditions and values) and parents’ contextual needs (e.g., parents’ busy schedule around job and education) when traditional caregiving context changes due to migration to a new country. Implications for researchers are discussed.

scholarly journals Discurso y resistencia: la cultura de la deportación de los migrantes mexicanos

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Ana Luisa Calvillo Vázquez ◽  
Guillermo Hernández Orozco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Methodological Strategy

It was sought to know the meaning of deportation for Mexicans who were returned from the United States in the last decade, based on their ideas, attitudes, and beliefs, from the educational approach and the analysis of content as a methodological strategy. Empirical material consisted of 25 digital narratives from the public archive “Humanizing Deportation,” six in-depth interviews conducted between 2016 and 2017 in Tijuana, Baja California, and five historical testimonies located in bibliographic sources. Findings show that post-deportation irregular re-emigration underlines a political behavior of resistance that suggests the existence of a culture of deportation, which differs from the culture of migration and the culture of clandestine border crossing, even though the current penalty for illegal reentry has inhibited or postponed these practices.

scholarly journals BITES study: A qualitative analysis among emergency medicine physicians on snake envenomation management practices

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262215
Author(s):  
Anna Tupetz ◽  
Loren K. Barcenas ◽  
Ashley J. Phillips ◽  
Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci ◽  
Charles J. Gerardo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poison Center ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Snake Envenomation ◽  
Depth Interviews

Introduction Antivenom is currently considered standard treatment across the full spectrum of severity for snake envenomation in the United States. Although safe and effective antivenoms exist, their use in clinical practice is not universal. Objective This study explored physicians’ perceptions of antivenom use and experience with snake envenomation treatment in order to identify factors that influence treatment decisions and willingness to administer. Methods We conducted a qualitative study including in-depth interviews via online video conferencing with physicians practicing in emergency departments across the United States. Participants were selected based on purposive sampling methods. Data analysis followed inductive strategies, conducted by two researchers. The codebook and findings were discussed within the research team. Findings Sixteen in-depth interviews with physicians from nine states across the US were conducted. The participants’ specialties include emergency medicine (EM), pediatric EM, and toxicology. The experience of treating snakebites ranged from only didactic education to having treated over 100 cases. Emergent themes for this manuscript from the interview data included perceptions of antivenom, willingness to administer antivenom and influencing factors to antivenom usage. Overall, cost-related concerns were a major barrier to antivenom administration, especially in cases where the indications and effectiveness did not clearly outweigh the potential financial burden on the patient in non-life- or limb-threatening cases. The potential to decrease recovery time and long-term functional impairments was not commonly reported by participants as an indication for antivenom. In addition, level of exposure and perceived competence, based on prior education and clinical experience, further impacted the decision to treat. Resources such as Poison Center Call lines were well received and commonly used to guide the treatment plan. The need for better clinical guidelines and updated treatment algorithms with clinical and measurable indicators was stated to help the decision-making process, especially among those with low exposure to snake envenomation patients. Conclusions A major barrier to physician use of antivenom is a concern about cost, cost transparency and cost–benefit for the patients. Those concerns, in addition to the varying degrees of awareness of potential long-term benefits, further influence inconsistent clinical treatment practices.

Science as the Key to Modern Progress

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoe Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women Missionaries ◽  
New Women ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Modernization Process

This chapter shows how the notion of modern science brought to China by American New Women missionaries in the form of medicine and nursing generated concrete responses from their Chinese counterparts. The notion of science as a universally applicable and fundamentally egalitarian element for the development of a modern society and its constituents was increasingly influential in both the United States and China during the early twentieth century. Consequently, American New Women missionaries were able to establish their status as scientific professionals whose expertise could contribute to China's modernization process. At the same time, however, their faith in the new notion of science brought with it the idea of “separate but equal” gender roles, which brought them into conflict with many of their male counterparts from the United States who wanted to compete with other imperial powers to gain influence in China.

Gendered Racism in the Lives of Black Women: A Qualitative Exploration

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 583-606
Author(s):  
Kamesha Spates ◽  
Na’Tasha Evans ◽  
Tierra Akilah James ◽  
Karen Martinez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Historically Black ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Gendered Racism ◽  
Societal Expectations ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
Depth Interviews

Historically, Black women have experienced multiple adversities due to gendered racism. While research demonstrates that gendered racism is associated with negative physical and mental health implications, little attention has been given to how being Black and female shape Black women’s experiences in multiple contexts. This study provided an opportunity for Black women to describe their lived experiences of gendered racism in the United States. We conducted in-depth interviews with Black women ( N = 22) between the ages of 18 and 69 years. We applied a thematic analysis approach to data analysis. Three themes were identified that underscored how these Black women navigated gendered racism: (a) navigating societal expectations of being Black and female, (b) navigating relationships (or lack thereof), and (c) navigating lack of resources and limited opportunities. Findings from this study provide an increased understanding of the unique challenges that Black women face because of their subordinated statuses in the United States. These findings may influence programs and assessments for Black women’s wellness.

Pedagogy Reconsidered in a Multimodal Blended Environment

2010 ◽  
pp. 299-316
Author(s):  
Barbara O'Byrne
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Distance Education ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Course Delivery ◽  
Learner Centered ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Blended Course ◽  
Depth Interviews

Blended course delivery has wide applications across diverse educational settings. By definition, it is multimodal and involves multiple delivery formats. However, scant research has examined the impact of multimodal, blended delivery on university pedagogy. This chapter makes the case for close examination of the theoretical and pedagogical foundation of blended learning and proposes that research is needed to establish and validate the constructivist principles associated with blended learning. A longitudinal analysis of surveys and in-depth interviews with instructors from a distance education graduate school in the United States identified and contextualized features of learner-centered pedagogy linked to blended learning.

How journalists use social media in France and the United States: Analyzing technology use across journalistic fields

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2728-2744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Powers ◽  
Sandra Vera-Zambrano
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
American Journalism ◽  
Routine Tasks ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Depth Interviews

This article examines journalists’ use of social media in France and the United States. Through in-depth interviews, we show that shared practical sensibilities lead journalists in both countries to use social media to accomplish routine tasks (e.g. gather information, monitor sources, and develop story ideas). At the same time, we argue that the incorporation of social media into daily practice also creates opportunities for journalists to garner peer recognition and that these opportunities vary according to the distinctive national fields in which journalists are embedded. Where American journalism incentivizes individual journalists to orient social media use toward audiences, French journalism motivates news organizations to use social media for these purposes, while leaving individual journalists to focus primarily on engaging with their peers. We position these findings in relation to debates on the uses of technologies across national settings.

The Future of Christian Marriage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Regnerus
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Free Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
United States Mexico ◽  
Christian Congregations ◽  
Depth Interviews

Marriage has come a long way since biblical times: Women are no longer thought of as property, and practices like polygamy have long been rejected. The world is wealthier and healthier, and people are more able to find and form relationships than ever. So why are Christian congregations doing more burying than marrying today? Explanations for the wide recession in marriage range from the mathematical—more women in church than men—to the economic, and from cheap sex to progressive politics. But perhaps marriage hasn’t really changed at all; instead, there is simply less interest in marriage in an era marked by technology, gender equality, and secularization. This is a book about how today’s Christians find a mate within a faith that esteems marriage but a world that increasingly yawns at it, and it draws on in-depth interviews with nearly two hundred young adult Christians from the United States, Mexico, Spain, Poland, Russia, Lebanon, and Nigeria, in order to understand the state of matrimony in global Christian circles today. Marriage for nearly everyone has become less of a foundation for a couple to build upon and more of a capstone. Christians are exhibiting flexibility over sex roles but are hardly gender revolutionaries. Meeting increasingly high expectations of marriage is difficult, though, in a free market whose logic reaches deep into the home today, and the results are endemic uncertainty, slowing relationship maturation, and stalling marriage. But plenty of Christians innovate, resist, and wed, suggesting the future of marriage will be a religious one.

scholarly journals Beyond Religious Rigidities: Religious Firmness and Religious Flexibility as Complementary Loyalties in Faith Transmission

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dollahite ◽  
Loren Marks ◽  
Kate Babcock ◽  
Betsy Barrow ◽  
Andrew Rose
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications

Research has found that intergenerational transmission of religiosity results in higher family functioning and improved family relationships. Yet the Pew Research Center found that 44% of Americans reported that they had left the religious affiliation of their childhood. And 78% of the expanding group of those who identify as religiously unaffiliated (“Nones”) reported that they were raised in “highly religious families.” We suggest that this may be, in part, associated with religious parents exercising excessive firmness with inadequate flexibility (rigidity). We used a multiphase, systematic, team-based process to code 8000+ pages of in-depth interviews from 198 Christian, Jewish, and Muslim families from 17 states in all 8 major religio-cultural regions of the United States. We framed firmness as mainly about loyalty to God and God’s purposes, and flexibility as mainly about loyalty to family members and their needs and circumstances. The reported findings provided a range of examples illustrating (a) religious firmness, (b) religious flexibility, as well as (c) efforts to balance and combine firmness and flexibility. We discuss conceptual and practical implications of treating firmness and flexibility as complementary loyalties in intergenerational faith transmission.

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