Interethnic Relations in a Changing Political Context

The aim of this study was to examine evaluations of multiple groups by both ethnic majority-group (Dutch) and minority-group (Turkish-Dutch) members during a turbulent political period in the Netherlands, marked by the rapid rise and subsequent decline of a new-rightist, populist movement. The analysis of cross-sectional data from three periods (2001 to 2003) showed clear changes in these evaluations. As expected, both the Dutch and the Turkish participants showed higher ingroup identification and ingroup evaluation in 2002 than in 2001 and 2003. In addition, in 2002 the Dutch participants evaluated the Islamic outgroups (Turks and Moroccans) more negatively, whereas their evaluation of other ethnic minority groups did not differ across the three years. In contrast, Turkish participants evaluated all ethnic outgroups, including the Dutch and the Moroccans, more negatively in 2002. We conclude that it is important to study ethnic relations across time, in relation to political circumstances, from the perspective of both majority- and minority-group members, and in relation to different ethnic outgroups.

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The Missing Side of Acculturation: How Majority-Group Members Relate to Immigrant and Minority-Group Cultures

10.31234/osf.io/aph8g ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jonas R. Kunst

Keyword(s):

Minority Groups ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Minority Group ◽

Relative Size ◽

Future Research ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups ◽

Individual Group ◽

Majority Group ◽

Cultural Orientations ◽

Group Members

In many countries, individuals who have represented the majority group historically are decreasing in relative size and/or perceiving that they have diminished status and power compared to those identifying as immigrants or members of ethnic minority groups. These developments raise several salient and timely issues including: (a) how majority-group members’ cultural orientations change as a consequence of increasing intercultural contact due to shifting demographics; (b) what individual, group, cultural and socio-structural processes shape these changes; and (c) the implications of majority-group members’ acculturation. Although research across several decades has examined the acculturation of individuals identifying as minority-group members, much less is known about how majority-group members acculturate in increasingly diverse societies. We present an overview of the state of the art in the emerging field of majority-group acculturation, identify what is known and needs to be known, and introduce a conceptual model guiding future research.

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Keep a Stiff Upper Lip or Wear Your Heart on Your Sleeve? Ethnic Identity and Emotion Management among Arab/Palestinians in Israel

Sociology ◽

10.1177/0038038518768173 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 139-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yuval Feinstein ◽

Maha Shehade Switat

Keyword(s):

Social Interactions ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Emotion Management ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups ◽

Upper Lip ◽

Majority Group ◽

Group Members ◽

Palestinians In Israel ◽

Subjective Identity

This study examines how emotion management is linked to subjective identity among members of ethnic minority groups in ethnically mixed workplaces. Data were drawn from interviews with Arab/Palestinian citizen residents of Israel. The results reveal three distinct strategies of emotion management: (1) Arab/Palestinians, regardless of their subjective identity, tend to conceal emotions during interactions with majority group members; (2) individuals who identify as ‘Arab’ also tend to regulate social interactions to avoid the emotional risks that accompany interactions with majority group members; (3) those who choose a ‘Palestinian’ label are more likely to actively express their ethnic identities despite the emotional risks associated with this type of identification. The findings suggest that emotion management is influenced not only by a person’s assignment to a social minority category (the emphasis of previous research), but also by a person’s subjectively defined identity.

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Conceptions of National Identity and Opposition to Bicultural Policies in New Zealand: A Comparison of Majority and Minority Perspectives

10.31234/osf.io/m4ehf ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Thierry Devos ◽

Kumar Yogeeswaran ◽

Chris G Sibley

Keyword(s):

National Identity ◽

Political Institutions ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Minority Group ◽

European Ancestry ◽

Majority Group ◽

Group Members ◽

Nationally Representative

Using a nationally representative sample, the present research tested whether conceptions of national identity differentially predicted attitudes toward bicultural policies among New Zealanders of European, Māori, Asian, and Pacific descent. A series of multi-group structural equation models revealed that among members of the majority group and all minority groups, endorsement of a civic conception of national identity (i.e., respecting political institutions and laws) was related to opposition to resource policies, but such a relationship was especially strong among the majority group. By contrast, endorsement of an ethnic conception of national identity (i.e., having Māori or European ancestry) was related to support for resource and symbolic policies among minority group members, but to opposition to the same policies among the majority group. The present work documents that belonging to a majority vs. minority group moderates the relations between conceptions of national identity (civic vs. ethnic) and support or opposition to specific bicultural policies. In addition, some elements of civic conceptions of national identity may legitimize inequalities rather than reduce them.

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Salient Multiculturalism Enhances Minority Group Members’ Feelings of Power

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin ◽

10.1177/0146167216679981 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 259-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jacquie D. Vorauer ◽

Matthew S. Quesnel

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Minority ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Minority Group ◽

Color Blindness ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups ◽

Dominant Group ◽

Intergroup Interaction ◽

Group Members ◽

General Goal

The present research examined how messages advocating different intergroup ideologies affect outcomes relevant to minority group members’ ability to exert power in exchanges with dominant group members. We expected that salient multiculturalism would have positive implications for minority group members’ feelings of power by virtue of highlighting essential contributions they make to society, and that no such empowering effect would be evident for them in connection with alternative ideologies such as color-blindness or for dominant group members. Results across four studies involving different participant populations, operationalizations of ideology, ethnic minority groups, and experimental settings were consistent with these hypotheses and further indicated that the effects of salient multiculturalism on feelings of power had downstream implications for expectations of control in an ostensibly upcoming intergroup interaction and general goal-directed cognition.

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Outgroup morality perceptions mediate secondary transfer effects from direct and extended contact: Evidence from majority and minority group members

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations ◽

10.1177/1368430219879223 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 1066-1084

Author(s):

Loris Vezzali ◽

Gian Antonio Di Bernardo ◽

Michèle D. Birtel ◽

Sofia Stathi ◽

Marco Brambilla

Keyword(s):

Direct Contact ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Minority Group ◽

Majority Group ◽

Extended Contact ◽

Secondary Transfer ◽

Adolescent Sample ◽

Group Members ◽

First Time ◽

Underlying Processes

The secondary transfer effect (STE), defined as contact with a primary outgroup improving attitudes towards a secondary outgroup uninvolved in contact, has mainly been studied with reference to direct contact and considering attitude generalization as the main mediating mechanism. Using a majority (422 Italians) and minority (130 immigrants) adolescent sample from high schools in Italy, we examined outgroup morality perceptions as a new mediating mechanism, and tested for the first time whether the STE emerges for extended contact. Results revealed that the STE emerged for direct contact among the majority group and for extended contact among the minority group, and it was sequentially mediated by perceptions of morality towards the primary outgroup, and by attitudes towards the primary outgroup and perceptions of morality towards the secondary outgroup. The STE also emerged for direct contact among the minority group, with morality perceptions towards the secondary outgroup and attitudes towards the primary outgroup being parallel mediators. We discuss the theoretical implications of the findings, arguing that it is important to identify the conditions and underlying processes of the STE in order to reduce prejudice in the case of both majority and minority groups.

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Do We Stand Together? The Role of Perceived Personal and Group Threats in Predicting the Majority’s (Un)willingness to Confront Injustice on Behalf of a Minority

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.694044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Göksu Celikkol ◽

Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti ◽

Tuuli Anna Renvik ◽

Raivo Vetik ◽

David Lackland Sam

Keyword(s):

Collective Action ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Minority Group ◽

Ethnic Discrimination ◽

Group Status ◽

Majority Group ◽

Group Members ◽

Personal Threat ◽

Perceived Ethnic Discrimination

Purpose: By utilizing data from Estonia, Finland, and Norway, this study explores how the perceptions of personal and group realistic threats, namely perceived ethnic discrimination and economic insecurity among national majorities, predict their unwillingness to confront injustice on behalf of Russian-speaking minority groups.Background: Previous research on collective action to promote minorities’ rights and social standing has focused either on minorities’ own actions or factors promoting the willingness of majority group members to engage in collective action on behalf of minorities. In contrast, factors explaining the reluctance of majority group members to engage in collective action on behalf of minority groups have remained less explored. For example, studies have then ignored that the majority members may also feel threatened and may be economically insecure. Furthermore, the possible discrepancy between perceived personal vs. in-group’s situation may influence majority group members’ (un)willingness to confront injustice on behalf of a minority group.Method: We employed polynomial regression with response surface analysis to analyze data gathered among national majority members in three countries (N = 1,341).Results: Perceived personal and group realistic threats were associated with heightened unwillingness to confront injustice on behalf of the Russian-speaking minority. Furthermore, participants were more unwilling to confront injustice when they perceived more group than personal threat.Conclusion: We found that majority group members’ (un)willingness to confront injustice on behalf of the minority is related to how secure they perceive their own and their group status. Our results contribute to previous research by pointing out the important drawbacks of majorities’ support for minorities’ wish for social change.

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Ethnically mixed marriages in the area of the former Yugoslavia: 1970-2005

Zbornik Matice srpske za drustvene nauke ◽

10.2298/zmsdn1031255m ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 255-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Snjezana Mrdjen

Keyword(s):

Minority Groups ◽

Ethnic Relations ◽

Entire Period ◽

Former Yugoslavia ◽

Interethnic Relations ◽

Men And Women ◽

Mixed Marriages ◽

Majority Group ◽

Majority Groups ◽

Interethnic Marriages

Analysis of ethnically mixed marriages in the Former Yugoslavia, for the period 1970-2005, shows that after 1990 in all former Yugoslav republics and provinces (except Montenegro) degradation of inter-ethnical relationships induced a fall of inter-ethnical relations, especially at the beginning of 1990. Vojvodina is still singled out (even if there is a decreasing trend after 1990) as a territory with the highest share of exogam marriages (around 25%), while Kosovo and Metohia represent a territory with the lowest shares during the entire period of observation. The most exceptional changes after 1990 occurred in Croatia where the share of ethnically mixed marriages decreased from 19% to around 7% which was mostly a reflection of changes in behaviour of the majority group towards ethnically mixed marriages. The group that was most 'open' on the territory of the Former Yugoslavia were the Serbs in Vojvodina until 2001 and after that the Montenegrins, with the highest percentage of interethnic marriages (more than 15%) while all other majority groups are characterized by certain reticence in marrying other nationalities. Concerning the differences between men and women towards ethnically mixed marriages, it shows that women are, in general, more endogam than men, meaning that they seldom marry outside their group. This is especially characteristic for the Montenegrin's women in Montenegro. When observing the degree of interethnic relations between minority groups and the majority group, it follows that there have not been any changes. In general, degree of integration is higher, meaning that the inter-ethnic relations are more frequent between nationalities that are closer in cultural, religious and linguistic way. Unlike that, during all the period of observation, there is a highly marked segregation between nationalities that belong to different cultural and religious circles, which is especially emphasised in Macedonia. .

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Understanding and Promoting Racial Diversity in Healthcare Settings to Address Disparities in Pandemic Crisis Management

Journal of Primary Care & Community Health ◽

10.1177/21501327211018354 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 215013272110183

Author(s):

Azza Sarfraz ◽

Zouina Sarfraz ◽

Alanna Barrios ◽

Kuchalambal Agadi ◽

Sindhu Thevuthasan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Health Disparities ◽

Racial Discrimination ◽

Clinical Training ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Minority Group ◽

Healthcare Delivery ◽

The United States ◽

Majority Group

Background: Health disparities have become apparent since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. When observing racial discrimination in healthcare, self-reported incidences, and perceptions among minority groups in the United States suggest that, the most socioeconomically underrepresented groups will suffer disproportionately in COVID-19 due to synergistic mechanisms. This study reports racially-stratified data regarding the experiences and impacts of different groups availing the healthcare system to identify disparities in outcomes of minority and majority groups in the United States. Methods: Studies were identified utilizing PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Plus, and PsycINFO search engines without date and language restrictions. The following keywords were used: Healthcare, raci*, ethnic*, discriminant, hosti*, harass*, insur*, education, income, psychiat*, COVID-19, incidence, mortality, mechanical ventilation. Statistical analysis was conducted in Review Manager (RevMan V.5.4). Unadjusted Odds Ratios, P-values, and 95% confidence intervals were presented. Results: Discrimination in the United States is evident among racial groups regarding medical care portraying mental risk behaviors as having serious outcomes in the health of minority groups. The perceived health inequity had a low association to the majority group as compared to the minority group (OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.78; P = .007), and the association of mental health problems to the Caucasian-American majority group was low (OR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.45 to 0.58; P < .001). Conclusion: As the pandemic continues into its next stage, efforts should be taken to address the gaps in clinical training and education, and medical practice to avoid the recurring patterns of racial health disparities that become especially prominent in community health emergencies. A standardized tool to assess racial discrimination and inequity will potentially improve pandemic healthcare delivery.

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De Relatie Tussen Taalkeuze, Inschatting Taalvaardigheid Nederlands en Sociaal-Culturele Factoren bij Italianen in Vlaanderen en Turken in Nederland

Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen ◽

10.1075/ttwia.57.08ave ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

pp. 93-103

Author(s):

Jetske Klatter-Folmer ◽

Piet Van Avermaet

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Minority ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Minority Group ◽

Language Shift ◽

Language Choice ◽

Ethnic Minority Groups ◽

Choice Behaviour ◽

Majority Culture ◽

Relevant Factors

In this research project, the model of social determination of language shift will be expanded. An attempt is made to fill the gap that still exists regarding the effects on language shift of an ethnic minority group member's confidence in his ability to comply with the linguistic demands of the dominant majority culture. To that end, we investigate the confidence of members of ethnic minority groups and how it is built up, its place in the hierarchy of relevant factors, and their interaction. We detail how this confidence relates to language choice behaviour and language shift. This paper focuses mainly on the theoretical outline and design of the project.

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Comparing ethnic segregation across cities—measurement issues matter

Review of Regional Research ◽

10.1007/s10037-020-00145-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Moritz Meister ◽

Annekatrin Niebuhr

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Spatial Clustering ◽

Minority Group ◽

Average Level ◽

Ethnic Segregation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Measurement Issues ◽

The Impact ◽

German Cities

AbstractThis paper investigates how important measurement issues such as the modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP), random unevenness and spatial autocorrelation affect cross-sectional studies of ethnic segregation. We use geocoded data for German cities to investigate the impact of these measurement problems on the average level of segregation and on the ranking of cities. The findings on the average level of residential segregation turn out to be rather robust. The ranking of cities is, however, sensitive to the assumptions regarding reallocation of population across neighbourhoods that the use of different segregation measures involves. Moreover, the results suggest that standard aspatial approaches tend to underrate the degree of segregation because they ignore the spatial clustering of ethnic groups. In contrast, non-consideration of random unevenness gives rise to a moderate upward bias of the mean segregation level and involves minor changes in the ranking of cities if the minority group is large. However, the importance of random segregation significantly increases as the size of the minority group declines. If the size of specific ethnic groups differs across regions, this may also affect the ranking of regions. Thus, the necessity to properly account for measurement issues increases as segregation analyses become more detailed and consider specific (small) minority groups.

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