scholarly journals The Identity Threat of Weight Stigma in Adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 991-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wren B. Hand ◽  
Jennifer C. Robinson ◽  
Mary W. Stewart ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Samuel C. Hand
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Identity Threat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Threat Model

Obesity remains a serious public health issue in adolescents, who may be subjected to weight stigma leading to increased stress and poor health outcomes. Stigma can be detrimental to adolescents during self-identity formation. The purpose of this study was to examine weight stigma in adolescents in light of the Identity Threat Model of Stigma. A cross-sectional correlational design was used to examine the relationships among the variables of weight stigma, psychosocial stress, coping styles, disordered eating, and physical inactivity. Regression modeling and path analysis were used to analyze the data. Over 90% of the sample had scores indicating weight stigma or antifat bias. Avoidant coping style and psychosocial stress predicted disordered eating. The strongest path in the model was from avoidant coping to disordered eating. The Identity Threat Model of Stigma partially explained adolescents’ weight stigma. Nursing practice implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Interrelation between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multi-Centric Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca-Livia Panfil ◽  
Mirela Frandes ◽  
Aurel Nirestean ◽  
Marinela Hurmuz ◽  
Diana Lungeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Defensive Mechanisms ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Background: The challenges that a professional face when working in the field of psychiatry require the development of adequate defensive and coping styles. Our study aimed to explore both the coping strategies and defense mechanisms and their relationship among psychiatry trainees in Romania.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine and to evaluate both defensive and coping styles of Romanian psychiatry trainees. DSQ-60 and COPE scales were applied to psychiatry trainees from five training centers in Romania. By applying structural equation modeling, we studied models that presumed the existence of relationships between coping strategies and defensive mechanisms. Results: The results of the study indicate that superior defense mechanisms and task-oriented coping style were the commonly used approach by trainees in psychiatry. Also, our findings show significantly consistent correlations (ranging from 0.2 to 0.5) between adaptive defense mechanisms and coping styles focused on the problem or the emotion. Similarly, the avoidant coping strategies correlated with non-adaptative defense styles (correlations between 0.3 and 0.5). Our model presented good fit indices, X2(34) = 64.324, p < 0.001; GFI = 0.93; RMSE = 0.08. Moreover, the results indicated a weak association, r = 0.07, p < 0.001, between the two types of adaptive processes.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that trainees in psychiatry present a profile based on two independent groups of adaptation processes, namely, adaptive defenses and problem-oriented coping scales, and non-adaptive defenses and avoidant coping scales.

scholarly journals Interrelation between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multi-Centric Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca-Livia Panfil ◽  
Mirela Frandes ◽  
Aurel Nirestean ◽  
Marinela Hurmuz ◽  
Diana Lungeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Defensive Mechanisms ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Background The challenges that a professional face when working in the field of psychiatry require the development of adequate defensive and coping styles. Aims To explore the coping strategies, the defense mechanisms and their relationship among psychiatry trainees in Romania. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine and to evaluate both defensive and coping styles of Romanian psychiatry trainees. DSQ-60 and COPE scales were applied to psychiatry trainees from five training centers in Romania. By applying structural equation modeling, we studied models that presumed the existence of relationships between coping strategies and defensive mechanisms. Results The results of the study indicate that superior defense mechanisms and task-oriented coping style were the commonly used approach by trainees in psychiatry. In addition, our findings show significantly consistent correlations (ranging from 0.2 to 0.5) between adaptive defense mechanisms and coping styles focused on the problem, or on the emotion. Similarly, the avoidant coping strategies correlated with defense styles that are not adaptive (correlations between 0.3 and 0.5). Our model presented good fit indices, X 2 (34) = 50.519, p < 0.001; GFI = 0.93; RMSE = 0.08. Moreover, the results indicated a weak association, r = 0.01, p < 0.001, between the two types of adaptive processes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that trainees in psychiatry present a profile based on two independent groups of adaptation processes, namely, adaptive defenses and problem-oriented coping scales, and non-adaptive defenses and avoidant coping scales.

scholarly journals Interrelation between Defensive Mechanisms and Coping Strategies in Psychiatry Trainees in Romania: A Multi-Centric Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anca-Livia Panfil ◽  
Mirela Frandes ◽  
Aurel Nirestean ◽  
Marinela Hurmuz ◽  
Diana Lungeanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Defensive Mechanisms ◽  
And Coping

Abstract Background The challenges that a professional face when working in the field of psychiatry require the development of adequate defensive and coping styles. Aims To explore the coping strategies, the defense mechanisms and their relationship among psychiatry trainees in Romania. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine and to evaluate both defensive and coping styles of Romanian psychiatry trainees. DSQ-60 and COPE scales were applied to psychiatry trainees from five training centers in Romania. By applying structural equation modeling, we studied models that presumed the existence of relationships between coping strategies and defensive mechanisms. Results The results of the study indicate that defense mechanisms and task-oriented coping style were the commonly used approach by trainees in psychiatry. In addition, our findings show significantly consistent correlations (ranging from 0.2 to 0.5) between adaptive defense mechanisms and coping styles focused on the problem, or on the emotion. Similarly, the avoidant coping strategies correlated with defense styles that are not adaptive (correlations between 0.3 and 0.5). Our model presented good fit indices, X2(34) = 50.519, p < 0.001; GFI = 0.93; RMSE = 0.08. Moreover, the results indicated a weak association, r = 0.01, p < 0.001, between the two types of adaptive processes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that trainees in psychiatry present aprofile based on two independent groups of adaptation processes, namely, adaptive defenses and problem-oriented coping scales, and non-adaptive defenses and avoidant coping scales.

Socio-demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patient with Thyroid Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
AKM Farhad Hossain ◽  
Md Mahmudur Rahman Siddiqui ◽  
Sayada Fatema Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant disease in endocrine system. It is an emerging public health issue associated with burden on the family, community and the nation. The aim of this study is to determine the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patient with thyroid cancer attending in tertiary hospital. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 246 thyroid cancer patients in two tertiary hospitals of Dhaka city from 01 July 2018 to 30 June 2019. The subjects were selected purposively following specific selection criteria and maintaining ethical issues. Data were collected by face to face interview using a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist. Data were analyzed by the statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 23. Results: This study revealed that majority (74.4%) of respondents was female, married (72%), housewife (61.4%), rural respondent (41.1%) and had primary education (69%). Mean (± SD) age of the respondent was 37.85(±12.20) years (Range 14-70 years) and mean (± SD) monthly family income was Tk. 17681(±10602). Out of 246 cases, 204 (82.9%) was papillary and 42 (17.1%) was follicular carcinoma. Various clinical presentations included visible neck swelling in 225 (91.5%), swollen lymph node in 103 (41.9%), pain 90 (36.6%), Difficulties in swallowing 87 (35.4%), Hoarseness of voice in 141 (57.3%), cough along with swelling 47(19.1%), Difficulties in breathing due to swelling in 13(5.3%) of the patients. Conclusion: Incidence of thyroid cancer has increased worldwide specially in female patients in 3rd and 4th decades of life. As thyroid cancer is a growing public health problem in Bangladesh, proper screening and early diagnostic facilities at all level should be available to measure its actual burden in the country. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 11, No. 1: Jan 2020, P 54-58

Potentially Inappropriate Medications Use in A Population of Iraqi Geriatric Outpatients According to Beers Criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ola Albaghdadi ◽  
Salam , Mohammad Hassan Morteza, Firas A Ahjel ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Morteza ◽  
Firas Aziz Rahi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Beers Criteria ◽  
Potentially Inappropriate Medications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Inappropriate Drugs ◽  
Elderly Outpatients ◽  
Inappropriate Medications

Aims: Elderly in Iraq kept suffering multiple burdens, as they are a truly fragile and vulnerable segment. A major public health issue among elderly is adverse drug reactions. This study is aimed at contributing in overcoming this treatment gap by determining the prevalence of inappropriate medications used by a group of Iraqi elderly outpatients. Methods: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted in a sample of 85 Iraqi elderly aged ≥65 years of either gender. Participants had face-to-face interviews to answer a comprehensive questionnaire. Each drug taken by the patient was evaluated according to Beers criteria. Results: Females constituted 45.9% of the total. The average age was 69.9 years (± 4.6). Nearly 30% of the patients had 3 different diseases, and 17.8% had ≥4 different ones, with cardiovascular diseases were the most prevalent. Polypharmacy was notably identified in 47.1% of the total studied population. Twenty-eight out of 85 patients did not know the actual reason of taking at least one of their medications, and 42% were not taking their drugs as directed. Remarkably, 43.5% of patients were recognized as taking at least one medication to be avoided in elderly people according to the Beers criteria. The most common inappropriate drugs were glyburide, and proton-pump inhibitors. Conclusion: There was an obvious absence of any role of pharmacists in the health care system for our studied population. Health care professionals are encouraged to review the medications prescribed for geriatric patients using updated safety guidelines to prevent the risks associated with potentially inappropriate medications.

Social identity threat and the implications of weight stigma on healthcare avoidance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janell L. Mensinger ◽  
◽  
Margaret E. Calamari ◽  
Tracy L. Tylka ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Identity Threat ◽  
Social Identity Threat

Impact of weight stigma on preadolescents' and adolescents' disordered eating behaviors: Testing two mediation models

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Yiduo Ye ◽  
Jichang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Weight Bias ◽  
Weight Stigma ◽  
Disordered Eating Behaviors ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Weight Bias Internalization ◽  
Core Self ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mediation Models

We investigated potential mechanisms that may explain the relationship between weight stigma and disordered eating behaviors, using 2 mediation models. In the first model we hypothesized that the relationship between weight stigma and disordered eating behaviors would be mediated by weight bias internalization, and jointly mediated by both weight bias internalization and core self-evaluation. In the alternative model we hypothesized that this relationship would be mediated by core self-evaluation, and jointly mediated by both core selfevaluation and weight bias internalization. Participants were 421 primary and secondary school students (aged 9–14 years) representing various weight categories, who responded to items about their weight stigma, weight bias internalization, core self-evaluation, and disordered eating behaviors. Results show that the 2 mediation models had a good fit to the data. Thus, improving core self-evaluation and reducing weight bias internalization appear to be significant for treating disordered eating behaviors in preadolescents and adolescents.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, practices, and influencing factors of anxiety among pregnant women in Wuhan during the outbreak of COVID-19: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenping Ding ◽  
Jianmei Lu ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Weizhong Wei ◽  
Zhihong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Prenatal Anxiety

Abstract Background Prenatal anxiety has been a significant public health issue globally, leading to adverse health outcomes for mothers and children. The study aimed to evaluate the sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP), and anxiety level of pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in Wuhan and investigate the influencing factors for prenatal anxiety in this specific context. Methods Pregnant subjects’ KAP towards COVID-19 and their sociodemographics and pregnancy information were collected using questionnaires. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to assess anxiety status. Factors associated with the level of prenatal anxiety were analyzed by Pearson’s chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results The prenatal anxiety prevalence in this population was 20.8%. The mean score of knowledge was 13.2 ± 1.1 on a 0 ~ 14 scale. The attitudes and practices data showed that 580/ 817 (71.0%) were very concerned about the news of COVID-19, 455/817 (55.7%) considered the official media to be the most reliable information source for COVID-19, and 681/817 (83.4%) were anxious about the possibility of being infected by COVID-19. However, only 83/817 (10.2%) worried about contracting COVID-19 infection through the ultrasound transducer during a routing morphology scan. About two-thirds 528/817 (64.6%) delayed or canceled the antenatal visits. Approximately half of them 410/817 (50.2%) used two kinds of personal protection equipments (PPEs) during hospital visits. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the influential factors for prenatal anxiety included previous children in the family, knowledge score, media trust, worry of contracting the COVID-19 infection and worry about getting infected with COVID-19 from the ultrasound probe antenatal care (ANC) schedule. Conclusion Prenatal anxiety was prevalent among pregnant women in Wuhan during the outbreak of COVID-19. The current findings identified factors associated with the level of prenatal anxiety that could be targeted for psychological care.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional countrywide study in Burkina Faso

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e032953
Author(s):  
Seydou Kaboré ◽  
Tieba Millogo ◽  
Joseph Kouesyandé Soubeiga ◽  
Hermann Lanou ◽  
Brice Bicaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Proportional Odds ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Smoking

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity in Burkina Faso using a population-based countrywide sample. We hypothesise that there is a significant burden related to overweight/obesity in Burkina Faso.DesignSecondary analysis of a population-based countrywide cross-sectional study.SettingBurkina Faso, all the 13 regions including both rural and urban residential areas.Participants4800 participants of both sexes, aged between 25 and 64 years.Main outcomesOverweight and obesity using body mass index cut-off levels of the WHO.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in Burkina Faso were 13.82% (95% CI: 12.25 to 15.55) and 4.84% (95% CI: 3.99 to 5.86), respectively. Among men, the proportional odds of overweight/obesity increase with urban residency (p<0.001), greater age (p<0.002), marital status different from single (p≤0.007) and decrease with current smoking (p=0.009). Among women, the proportional odds of overweight/obesity increase with urban residency (p<0.001), primary educational level (p=0.01), high total blood cholesterol level (p<0.001) and high fasting blood glucose level (p=0.02), and decrease with current smoking (p<0.001).ConclusionOur study showed that nearly one person out of five in the adult population of Burkina has an abnormal weight status with women being more affected than men. Urban residency is a consistent risk factor in both men and women. Alcohol consumption and education were associated with an increased odds in only women. Overnutrition needs to be recognised as an important public health issue in Burkina Faso and nutrition interventions need to be reshaped to account for it.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document