High-Frequency Ultrasound: A Novel Diagnostic Tool to Measure Pediatric Tonsils in 3 Dimensions

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (5) ◽  
pp. 856-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Kay-Rivest ◽  
Christine Saint-Martin ◽  
Sam J. Daniel
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Palatine Tonsils ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Neck Masses ◽  
Head And Neck Masses ◽  
The Right

Objective A wide variety of pathologies can affect the palatine tonsils. Ultrasound is a commonly used modality for assessing head and neck masses in children; however, its use in tonsillar evaluation has not been widely explored. The objective of this study was to measure 3-dimensional tonsillar size with ultrasound, in centimeters, and correlate these measurements with actual ex vivo dimensions on pathology specimens. Study Design We performed a prospective cohort study. Setting The study was set in a tertiary care children’s hospital. Subjects and Methods Children undergoing tonsillectomy were included in the study. Transcervical high-frequency ultrasonography (HFU) was performed prior to surgery to obtain 3-dimensional measurements of the right and left palatine tonsils. Mean sizes were compared to ex vivo tonsil measurements and correlations were obtained. Results Seventy-five consecutive children underwent a transcervical HFU, with a total of 150 tonsils analyzed. The mean differences between HFU and pathology measurements were −0.08 cm and −0.24 cm for the right and left craniocaudal axes, −0.19 cm and −0.18 cm for the right and left mediolateral axes, and 0.05 cm and 0.03 cm for the right and left anteroposterior axes. Correlation coefficients between ultrasound and pathology measurements were all above 0.5. Conclusion HFU can accurately measure the size of pediatric tonsils in 3 dimensions.

scholarly journals 3-Dimensional ventricular electrical activation pattern assessed from a novel high-frequency electrocardiographic imaging technique: principles and clinical importance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Jurak ◽  
Laura R. Bear ◽  
Uyên Châu Nguyên ◽  
Ivo Viscor ◽  
Petr Andrla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Electrical Activation ◽  
Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Electrocardiographic Imaging ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Intraventricular Conduction ◽  
Clinical Measurements ◽  
Activation Times

AbstractThe study introduces and validates a novel high-frequency (100–400 Hz bandwidth, 2 kHz sampling frequency) electrocardiographic imaging (HFECGI) technique that measures intramural ventricular electrical activation. Ex-vivo experiments and clinical measurements were employed. Ex-vivo, two pig hearts were suspended in a human-torso shaped tank using surface tank electrodes, epicardial electrode sock, and plunge electrodes. We compared conventional epicardial electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) with intramural activation by HFECGI and verified with sock and plunge electrodes. Clinical importance of HFECGI measurements was performed on 14 patients with variable conduction abnormalities. From 3 × 4 needle and 108 sock electrodes, 256 torso or 184 body surface electrodes records, transmural activation times, sock epicardial activation times, ECGI-derived activation times, and high-frequency activation times were computed. The ex-vivo transmural measurements showed that HFECGI measures intramural electrical activation, and ECGI-HFECGI activation times differences indicate endo-to-epi or epi-to-endo conduction direction. HFECGI-derived volumetric dyssynchrony was significantly lower than epicardial ECGI dyssynchrony. HFECGI dyssynchrony was able to distinguish between intraventricular conduction disturbance and bundle branch block patients.

scholarly journals Synthetic Aperture Imaging Using High-Frequency Convex Array for Ophthalmic Ultrasound Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2275
Author(s):  
Hae Gyun Lim ◽  
Hyung Ham Kim ◽  
Changhan Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Single Element ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Imaging

High-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) imaging has emerged as an essential tool for pre-clinical studies and clinical applications such as ophthalmic and dermatologic imaging. HFUS imaging systems based on array transducers capable of dynamic receive focusing have considerably improved the image quality in terms of spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) compared to those by the single-element transducer-based one. However, the array system still suffers from low spatial resolution and SNR in out-of-focus regions, resulting in a blurred image and a limited penetration depth. In this paper, we present synthetic aperture imaging with a virtual source (SA-VS) for an ophthalmic application using a high-frequency convex array transducer. The performances of the SA-VS were evaluated with phantom and ex vivo experiments in comparison with the conventional dynamic receive focusing method. Pre-beamformed radio-frequency (RF) data from phantoms and excised bovine eye were acquired using a custom-built 64-channel imaging system. In the phantom experiments, the SA-VS method showed improved lateral resolution (>10%) and sidelobe level (>4.4 dB) compared to those by the conventional method. The SNR was also improved, resulting in an increased penetration depth: 16 mm and 23 mm for the conventional and SA-VS methods, respectively. Ex vivo images with the SA-VS showed improved image quality at the entire depth and visualized structures that were obscured by noise in conventional imaging.

Differential criteria for clinical manifestations of biliary dyskinesia and chronic cholecystitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
Ağaşirin Aydın oğlu Rüstəmov ◽  
◽  
Fatma Fatma Oruc qızı Rəcəbova7............ ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Chronic Cholecystitis ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Dyspeptic Symptoms ◽  
The Right ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

For the diagnosis and differentiation of chronic cholesistoxolangiitis from the diseases of the biliary system, 20 patients used modern instrumental and laboratory methods. In these methods, excision cholesistorentgenography, retrograde cholangiography, high frequency ultrasound examination, and cholesterol in the blood, manometric tonometry. In the objective examination, patients were disturbed by the pain on the right side of the neck, on the right side of the breast and in the right rib. Dyspeptic symptoms such as lower appetite, nausea, vomiting, and meteorism have been discovered. Dietotherapy, spasmolitics, antibiotics, gallbladder and physiotherapy have also been used in the treatment. Thus, based on the results of our examination, it is recommended that they be used in early diagnosis of chronic cholesistoxolangitis. Key words: cholangiocholecystitis, gallbladder, symptoms, clinical, diagnosis

Ex Vivo Evaluation of Mouse Brain Elasticity Using High-Frequency Ultrasound Elastography

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 3426-3435
Author(s):  
Fang-Yi Lay ◽  
Pei-Yu Chen ◽  
Hsiang-Fan Cheng ◽  
Yu-Min Kuo ◽  
Chih-Chung Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

Ex vivo testing of basal cell carcinomas and melanomas with high-frequency ultrasound

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 3492-3492
Author(s):  
Christine E. Dalton ◽  
Zachary A. Coffman ◽  
Garrett Wagner ◽  
Timothy E. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Ex Vivo Testing ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound

scholarly journals Comparison of optical coherence tomography and high frequency ultrasound imaging in mice for the assessment of skin morphology and intradermal volumes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kornelia Schuetzenberger ◽  
Martin Pfister ◽  
Alina Messner ◽  
Vanessa Froehlich ◽  
Gerhard Garhoefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Skin Morphology ◽  
Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS), two established imaging modalities in the field of dermatology, were evaluated and compared regarding their applicability for visualization of skin tissue morphology and quantification of murine intradermal structures. The accuracy and reproducibility of both methods were assessed ex vivo and in vivo using a standardized model for intradermal volumes based on injected soft tissue fillers. OCT revealed greater detail in skin morphology, allowing for detection of single layers due to the superior resolution. Volumetric data measured by OCT (7.9 ± 0.3 μl) and HFUS (7.7 ± 0.5 μl) were in good agreement and revealed a high accuracy when compared to the injected volume of 7.98 ± 0.8 µl. In vivo, OCT provided a higher precision (relative SD: 26% OCT vs. 42% HFUS) for the quantification of intradermal structures, whereas HFUS offered increased penetration depth enabling the visualization of deeper structures. A combination of both imaging technologies might be valuable for tumor assessments or other dermal pathologies in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Implementation of a Rotational Ultrasound Biomicroscopy System Equipped with a High-Frequency Angled Needle Transducer — Ex Vivo Ultrasound Imaging of Porcine Ocular Posterior Tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Hoon Bok ◽  
Juho Kim ◽  
Jinho Bae ◽  
Chong Hyun Lee ◽  
Dong-Guk Paeng
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
Single Element ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Scanning Angle ◽  
Distance Range ◽  
Minimal Incision

The mechanical scanning of a single element transducer has been mostly utilized for high-frequency ultrasound imaging. However, it requires space for the mechanical motion of the transducer. In this paper, a rotational scanning ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) system equipped with a high-frequency angled needle transducer is designed and implemented in order to minimize the space required. It was applied to ex vivo ultrasound imaging of porcine posterior ocular tissues through a minimal incision hole of 1 mm in diameter. The retina and sclera for the one eye were visualized in the relative rotating angle range of 270° ~ 330° and at a distance range of 6 ~ 7 mm, whereas the tissues of the other eye were observed in relative angle range of 160° ~ 220° and at a distance range of 7.5 ~ 9 mm. The layer between retina and sclera seemed to be bent because the distance between the transducer tip and the layer was varied while the transducer was rotated. Certin features of the rotation system such as the optimal scanning angle, step angle and data length need to be improved for ensure higher accuracy and precision. Moreover, the focal length should be considered for the image quality. This implementation represents the first report of a rotational scanning UBM system.

scholarly journals Implementation of a Rotational Ultrasound Biomicroscopy System Equipped with a High-Frequency Angled Needle Transducer — Ex Vivo Ultrasound Imaging of Porcine Ocular Posterior Tissues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Hoon Bok ◽  
Juho Kim ◽  
Jinho Bae ◽  
Chong Hyun Lee ◽  
Dong-Guk Paeng
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Ultrasound Biomicroscopy ◽  
Single Element ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
Scanning Angle ◽  
Distance Range ◽  
Minimal Incision

The mechanical scanning of a single element transducer has been mostly utilized for high-frequency ultrasound imaging. However, it requires space for the mechanical motion of the transducer. In this paper, a rotational scanning ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) system equipped with a high-frequency angled needle transducer is designed and implemented in order to minimize the space required. It was applied to ex vivo ultrasound imaging of porcine posterior ocular tissues through a minimal incision hole of 1 mm in diameter. The retina and sclera for the one eye were visualized in the relative rotating angle range of 270° ~ 330° and at a distance range of 6 ~ 7 mm, whereas the tissues of the other eye were observed in relative angle range of 160° ~ 220° and at a distance range of 7.5 ~ 9 mm. The layer between retina and sclera seemed to be bent because the distance between the transducer tip and the layer was varied while the transducer was rotated. Certin features of the rotation system such as the optimal scanning angle, step angle and data length need to be improved for ensure higher accuracy and precision. Moreover, the focal length should be considered for the image quality. This implementation represents the first report of a rotational scanning UBM system.

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