Push/Pull in Recent Mexican Migration to the U.S.

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Craig Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Mexican Migration ◽  
Alien Invasion ◽  
The U.S

Interpretations of the “alien invasion” of illegal Mexican immigrants center around two positions: a “push” and a “pull” theory. Treating the migration as a labor migration, a set of hypotheses is tested dealing with economic conditions in the U.S. and Mexico for the 1948–1972 period. The “push” of conditions in Mexico accounts better for the migration than the “pulls” of economic opportunity in the U.S. The out-migration is traced to institutional changes deriving from economic development in Mexico, especially to governmental policies fostering private agricultural development and discouraging peasant agriculture.

Migratory Movements between Mexico and the United States, 1880–1934

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alanís Enciso Fernando Saúl ◽  
Russ Davidson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War I ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mexican Immigration ◽  
Mexican Migration ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Communal Lands ◽  
Migratory Movements ◽  
The U.S

This chapter presents an overview of the flow of Mexican immigration to the United States between the years of 1880 and 1934. It notes that two main factors were responsible for the influx of Mexican immigrants to the United States over this period of time, these being: 1) the expansion of the U.S. economy and integration of the southwestern states into the union, and 2) the difficult social and economic conditions that Mexico faced as a result of the expropriation of village communal lands and a decrease in wages on rural estates. This chapter also outlines the timeline of Mexican immigration throughout this period, from the late 19th to the middle of the 20th century, and analyses how momentous events, such as World War I and the Great Depression, spurred or deterred Mexican migration to the U.S., as well as the Mexican government’s various attempts to both encourage and curb repatriation.

EMPIRICAL EFFECTS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP ON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A CHINESE LOCAL PERSPECTIVE

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650003 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOHONG HE ◽  
XI CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Active Region ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
The U.S

It is a common belief that entrepreneurship active regions tend to have better economic development. This paper aims to examine what changes have occurred on a region’s social, physical (e.g. air, water, soil or health that can affect human physical survival) and economic conditions during a large scale regional entrepreneurial development. Focusing on the entrepreneurially active region, Zhejiang Province of China, the study finds mixed results based on the published statistics by the Chinese Government and information from the U.S. satellite data during the 1980–2010 timeframe. The findings may have policy implications for China’s further progress, as well as for the progress of other developing countries.

China's “Tidal Wave” of Migrant Labor: What Can we Learn from Mexican Undocumented Migration to the United States?

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Migrant Labor ◽  
Mexican Migration ◽  
Circular Migration ◽  
Chinese Labor ◽  
Undocumented Mexican Migration ◽  
The City

The purpose of this article is to place Chinese labor migration from agriculture within the context of the literature on labor mobility in developing countries by comparing it to undocumented Mexican migration to the United States. The similarities fall within three general areas: the migration process, the economic and social position of migrants at their destination, and the agrarian structure and process of agricultural development that has perpetuated circular migration. The last section of the article draws upon these similarities, as well as differences between the two countries, to generate predictions concerning the development of labor migration in China. A fifteen-car train arrived in Shanghai from the city of Fuyang in Anhui Province on February 14. On board were 2,850 laborers from outside the municipality, signaling the beginning of the spring labor influx. Of this group, most were between 20 and 30 years of age, and more than half had never left their home villages before. Most will stay in Shanghai, while others will head to Hangzhou, Wenzhou, Ningbo, and Changshou to seek work. The Shanghai Public Security Department already has prepared a number of vehicles to transport laborers to other places outside the city, and the Shanghai police have strengthened their forces to keep public order. (FBIS, 1994d)

scholarly journals Rural Financial Development Impacts on Agricultural Technology Innovation: Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1110
Author(s):  
Yuyu Liu ◽  
Duan Ji ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Jingjing An ◽  
Wenyan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Rural Finance ◽  
Rural Economic Development ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Agricultural technology innovation is key for improving productivity, sustainability, and resilience in food production and agriculture to contribute to public health. Using panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2015, this study examines the impact of rural financial development on agricultural technology innovation from the perspective of rural financial scale and rural finance efficiency. Furthermore, it examines how the effects of rural financial development vary in regions with different levels of marketization and economic development. The empirical results show that the development of rural finance has a significant and positive effect on the level of agricultural technology innovation. Rural finance efficiency has a significantly positive effect on innovation in regions with a low degree of marketization, while the rural financial scale has a significantly positive effect on technological innovation in regions with a high degree of marketization. Further analysis showed that improving the level of agricultural technology innovation is conducive to rural economic development. This study provides new insights into the effects of rural financial development on sustainable agricultural development from the perspective of agricultural technology innovation.

Nutrition within the household: 18th through early 20th century female and male statures

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Scott Alan Carson
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Collective Effects ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Height Data

Abstract When other measures for material conditions are scarce or unreliable, the use of height is now common to evaluate economic conditions during economic development. However, throughout US economic development, height data by gender have been slow to emerge. Throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, female and male statures remained constant. Agricultural workers had taller statures than workers in other occupations, and the female agricultural height premium was over twice that of males. For both females and males, individuals with fairer complexions were taller than their darker complexioned counterparts. Gender collectively had the greatest explanatory effect associated with stature, followed by age and nativity. Socioeconomic status and birth period had the smallest collective effects with stature.

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