Sense of Futility as Subject of Disciplinary Action: Do Students With Negative Attitudes Toward the Educational System Get Disciplined More Often?

2020 ◽  
pp. 019874292096135
Author(s):  
Emma Degroote ◽  
Mieke Van Houtte
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Educational System ◽  
School Discipline ◽  
International Study ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Student Behaviors ◽  
Disciplinary Actions ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Selective Process

School discipline research has demonstrated that the labeling of student behaviors as requiring disciplinary action is a selective process in which school staff take into account other factors than the characteristics of the behaviors. We argue that school staff react in a disciplinary way to students with negative attitudes toward the educational system. Concretely, we examined if feelings of futility caused students to suffer disciplinary consequences more often. Multilevel analysis was carried out on data of 2,358 students in 28 Ghentian (Belgium) schools that participated in the International Study of City Youth (ISCY). Results indicate that school staff do not react to students’ sense of futility directly by means of disciplinary actions, however, they impose disciplinary actions following disruptive behaviors on students displaying higher feelings of futility more often.

scholarly journals School staff perpetration of physical violence against students in Uganda: a multilevel analysis of risk factors

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e015567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine G Merrill ◽  
Louise Knight ◽  
Judith R Glynn ◽  
Elizabeth Allen ◽  
Dipak Naker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Physical Discipline ◽  
Violence Perpetration

ObjectiveTo conduct a multilevel analysis of risk factors for physical violence perpetration by school staff against Ugandan students.DesignMultilevel logistic regression analysis of cross-sectional survey data from 499 staff and 828 caregivers of students at 38 primary schools, collected in 2012 and 2014 during the Good Schools Study.SettingLuwero District, Uganda.Main outcome measurePast-week use of physical violence by school staff against students was measured using the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect 'Child Abuse Screening Tool- Child International' and the WHO Multi-Country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence against Women.ResultsOf 499 staff, 215 (43%) reported perpetration of physical violence against students in the past week. Individual risk factors associated with physical violence perpetration included being a teacher versus another type of staff member (p<0.001), approving of physical discipline practices (p<0.001), having children (p<0.01), being age 30–39 years (p<0.05), using physical violence against non-students (p<0.05) and being a victim of intimate partner violence (IPV) (p<0.05). We observed weak evidence (p=0.06) that male staff members who had been a victim of IPV showed higher odds of violence perpetration compared with male staff who had not been a victim of IPV. No evidence was observed for school- or community-level risk factors.ConclusionsPhysical violence perpetration from school staff is widespread, and interventions are needed to address this issue. Staff who have been victims of violence and who use violence against people other than students may benefit from additional interventions. Researchers should further investigate how school and community contexts influence staff’s physical violence usage, given a lack of associations observed in this study.

scholarly journals Achieving the Right Balance in Oversight of Physician Opioid Prescribing for Pain: The Role of State Medical Boards

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane E. Hoffmann ◽  
Anita J. Tarzian
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Chronic Pain Patient ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
Pain Patient ◽  
Disciplinary Actions ◽  
Noncancer Pain ◽  
The Right ◽  
State Medical Boards

Uncertainty regarding potential disciplinary action may give physicians pause when considering whether to accept a chronic pain patient or how to treat a patient who may require long-term or high doses of opioids. Surveys have shown that physicians fear potential disciplinary acrion for prescribing controlled substances and that physicians will, in some cases, inadequately prescribe opioids due to fear of regulatory scrutiny. Prescribing opioids for long-term pain management, particularly noncancer pain management, has been controversial; and boards have investigated and, in some cases, disciplined physicians for such prescribing. While in virtually all of these cases the disciplinary actions were successfully appealed, news of the success was not often as well-publicized as news of the disciplinary actions, leaving some physicians confused about their potential liability when prescribing opioids for pain. The confusion has perhaps increased as a result of two relatively recent cases, one where a physician was successfully disciplined by a state medical board for undertreatment of his patients’ pain, and another where the physician was successfully sued for inadequate pain treatment.

scholarly journals Ações Disciplinares em Ginecologia e Obstetrícia na Região Norte de Portugal nos Anos 2008 a 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Francisco Silva ◽  
Manuel Rodrigues e Rodrigues ◽  
João Bernardes
Keyword(s):  
Medical Malpractice ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Disciplinary Actions ◽  
The North ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Anonymized Data ◽  
Annual Activity ◽  
Medical Specialities

<strong>Introduction:</strong> Disciplinary actions may have a significant impact in medical doctors’ and patients’ lives. The objective of this study was the assessment of the disciplinary actions in Obstetrics and Gynecology that occurred in the north of Portugal in years 2008 to 2012.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Retrospective descriptive study based on the anonymized data contained in the annual activity reports of Conselho Disciplinar da Seção Regional Norte da Ordem dos Médicos from 2008 to 2012. We calculated the proportion of disciplinary actions in Obstetrics and Gynaecology over the total number of registered specialists in that speciality. We also analysed the type of complainers, accused, institutions, complaints and decisions. For statistical inference proportions with 95% confidence intervals were estimated.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> From years 2008 to 2012, we registered 1040 complaints in all medical specialities in the north of Portugal. Obstetrics and Gynecology was the forth most affected specialty, with a total of 54 complaints. Forty-three complaints were related with medical malpractice and if we only consider this type of complaint Obstetrics and Gynecology was the most affected specialty. The most frequent complainers and accused were, respectively, patients themselves and female physicians, with 41 to 60 years of age. Fifty-two complaints were archived without punishment while two still await conclusion.<br /><strong>Discussion:</strong> The overall results of this study are in agreement with those reported by other authors.<br /><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Obstetrics and Gynecology was the forth speciality with highest risk for any disciplinary action in the north of Portugal in years 2008 to 2012 and the first one in relation with alleged negligence. All presented and already concluded complaints were archived without penalty, except two that are still under evaluation.

Employing teachers with disabilities: A multifaceted prism of school principals’ ethical dilemmas

2020 ◽  
pp. 174114322092118
Author(s):  
Noa Tal-Alon ◽  
Orly Shapira-Lishchinsky
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Critical Step ◽  
Inclusive School ◽  
Educational Ideology ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
The Way

The aim of this study was to identify the ethical dilemmas of school principals who employ teachers with different physical disabilities. By conducting 18 in-depth interviews with principals from different school levels and different sectors in Israel, we identified the ethical dilemmas that emerged and their causes. The findings reveal that principals who employ teachers with disabilities struggle with multifaceted ethical dilemmas. These dilemmas reflect the tension between the educational ideology that was demonstrated by the principals’ inclination for integration and inclusion versus the three different elements of the principals’ professional responsibilities, namely commitment to the educational system, commitment to the wellbeing of the school staff, and commitment to the wellbeing of the students. Comprehending these dilemmas and understanding the ways in which these values contradict each other is a critical step on the way to building a more inclusive school.

scholarly journals On intimate relationships between healthcare professionals and patients: a nationwide cohort analysis of medical tribunal decisions in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Rietdijk ◽  
Sander Renes
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Disciplinary Actions ◽  
Patient Interactions

Abstract Background We examine the incidence of medical tribunal decisions and disciplinary actions (DAs) against healthcare professionals (HCPs). In addition, we studied whether an intimate relationship between an HCP and patient as part of the medical tribunal decision is associated with an increased likelihood of disciplinary actions. Methods We conducted a nationwide cohort analysis on the downloadable medical tribunal decisions from a medical disciplinary tribunal in the Netherlands from 2010 to 2017. Results We found that 117 (2.8%) of the 4,046 medical tribunal decisions involved an alleged intimate relationship between an HCP and patient. In these medical tribunal decisions the likelihood of a disciplinary action was significantly increased (odds ratio [OR] 12.97, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] 7.11–23.64). In addition, we found that nurses and psychiatrists are more frequently accused of and receive disciplinary actions due to intimate relationships than other HCP groups. Conclusions We found a limited number of medical tribunal decisions involving an intimate relationship. Especially given the total number of medical tribunal decisions and the number of yearly HCP-patient interactions, the number appears small. Furthermore, an alleged intimate relationship or inappropriate sexual conduct is associated with an increased likelihood of disciplinary action. Future research should obtain statistics on the number of intimate relationships that actually start between HCPs and patients.

scholarly journals Mandated State Medical Licensing Board Disclosures Regarding Resident Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Murano ◽  
Michal Gajewski ◽  
Michael Anana ◽  
Machteld Hillen ◽  
Anastasia Kunac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Disciplinary Actions ◽  
Academic Competency ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Resident Performance ◽  
Medical Licensing ◽  
Leave Of Absence

ABSTRACT Background State medical licensing boards ask program directors (PDs) to complete verification of training (VOT) forms for licensure. While residency programs use Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education core competencies, there is no uniform process or set of metrics that licensing boards use to ascertain if academic competency was achieved. Objective We determined the performance metrics PDs are required to disclose on state licensing VOT forms. Methods VOT forms for allopathic medical licensing boards for all 50 states, Washington, DC, and 5 US territories were obtained via online search and reviewed. Questions were categorized by disciplinary action (investigated, disciplined, placed on probation, expelled, terminated); documents placed on file; resident actions (leave of absence, request for transfer, unexcused absences); and non-disciplinary actions (remediation, partial or no credit, non-renewal, non-promotion, extra training required). Three individuals reviewed all forms independently, compared results, and jointly resolved discrepancies. A fourth independent reviewer confirmed all results. Results Most states and territories (45 of 56) accept the Federation Credentials Verification Service (FCVS), but 33 states have their own VOT forms. Ten states require FCVS use. Most states ask questions regarding probation (43), disciplinary action (41), and investigation (37). Thirty-four states and territories ask about documents placed on file, 36 ask about resident actions, and 7 ask about non-disciplinary actions. Eight states' VOT forms ask no questions regarding resident performance. Conclusions Among the states and territories, there is great variability in VOT forms required for allopathic physicians. These forms focus on disciplinary actions and do not ask questions PDs use to assess resident performance.

scholarly journals Impact of Evidence‐Based Stroke Care on Patient Outcomes: A Multilevel Analysis of an International Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Muñoz Venturelli ◽  
Xian Li ◽  
Sandy Middleton ◽  
Caroline Watkins ◽  
Pablo M. Lavados ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
International Study ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Evidence Based

Students’ and Parents’ Perceptions of Disciplinary Policy: Does Symbolic Representation Matter?

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine H. Roch ◽  
Mahmoud A. A. Elsayed ◽  
Jason Edwards
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
School Discipline ◽  
Symbolic Representation ◽  
Disciplinary Actions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
School Students ◽  
Disciplinary Policy ◽  
School Survey ◽  
Negative Messages

This article examines the effects of symbolic representation and strict disciplinary policy on how students and their parents perceive school discipline. We use data from the 2011-2012 New York City School Survey, combined with data on disciplinary actions from the Office of Civil Rights. Our results suggest that strict disciplinary actions send negative messages to students and their parents about school discipline. We find that as more strict disciplinary actions are administered within a school, students are less likely to perceive discipline as fair or legitimate. The negative effects of disciplinary actions, however, tend to be smaller in schools for which there is a closer racial match between students and teachers and, consequently, a greater likelihood of symbolic representation. We also find that passive representation influences parents’ attitudes toward school discipline in their children’s schools.

scholarly journals Pozór w edukacji osób z głęboką intelektualną i wieloraką niepełnosprawnością

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Kopeć
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Multiple Disabilities ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Group Case ◽  
The People ◽  
The Subject

The phenomenon of pretence in the Polish educational system of the person with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) will be analized in the context of sociological concept of pretence by Jan Lutynski (1990). The subject of the study was the educational reality of the person with PIMD. Two main questions were formulated. What is the educational reality of the person with PIMD in the micro- and macrosystem context? What is happening in this educational reality? The study was conducted in interpretative paradigm based on quantitative research model using instrumental group case study. The subjects of the study were the people with PIMD (15) and school staff (57). During the study participant observertion, quantitaive deepened interview were used. The symptoms of pretence in education of the person with PIMD on the nmacrosystem level were visible in the form of inconsistencies in the legal acts regulating the course of education. On the microsystem level the manifestation of the pretence was the phenomenon of the “empty minutes” (i.e. time at school not used for the benefit of the person’s development). The results of the study on the macrosystem level suggest lack of the transparency of the legal acts. On the microsystem level the need of developing applicable standards in education of the people with PIMD.

The Romani language in the Slovak educational system

Human Affairs ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Gažovičová
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Language Of Instruction ◽  
Instrumental Value ◽  
Different Parts

AbstractThe paper analyses the use of the Romani language in the Slovak educational system. It focuses on the informal use of Romani in schools, as about 10% of all pupils speak Romani as their mother tongue but there are no schools that use Romani as the language of instruction. The theoretical framework draws mainly on the work of P. Bourdieu and S. May on the symbolic power of language. The empirical chapter is based on qualitative data collected at ten primary schools in different parts of Slovakia, as well as interviews with decision makers and experts. On the basis of the empirical research, three questions are posed. (1) Is Romani used in schools and if so how? (2) What attitudes do school staff have on the use of Romani? (3) Is the theory of Stephen May applicable to Slovakia and is Romani perceived to have merely sentimental value while Slovak is considered to have instrumental value? The article concludes that the perceived value of Romani in Slovakia is very low. From the point of view of school staff, it has no instrumental value and is perceived as a barrier rather than a benefit.

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