Psychedelics and hypnosis: Commonalities and therapeutic implications

Background: Recent research on psychedelics and hypnosis demonstrates the value of both methods in the treatment of a range of psychopathologies with overlapping applications and neurophenomenological features. The potential of harnessing the power of suggestion to influence the phenomenological response to psychedelics toward more therapeutic action has remained unexplored in recent research and thereby warrants empirical attention. Aims: Here we aim to elucidate the phenomenological and neurophysiological similarities and dissimilarities between psychedelic states and hypnosis in order to revisit how contemporary knowledge may inform their conjunct usage in psychotherapy. Methods: We review recent advances in phenomenological and neurophysiological research on psychedelics and hypnosis, and we summarize early investigations on the coupling of psychedelics and hypnosis in scientific and therapeutic contexts. Results/outcomes: We highlight commonalities and differences between psychedelics and hypnosis that point to the potential efficacy of combining the two in psychotherapy. We propose multiple research paths for coupling these two phenomena at different stages in the preparation, acute phase and follow-up of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy in order to prepare, guide and integrate the psychedelic experience with the aim of enhancing therapeutic outcomes. Conclusions/interpretation: Harnessing the power of suggestion to modulate response to psychedelics could enhance their therapeutic efficacy by helping to increase the likelihood of positive responses, including mystical-type experiences.

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Changes in cognitive thinking styles in adolescent depression over acute phase treatment: an 8-week follow-up of fluoxetine

10.26226/morressier.5785edd1d462b80296c9a26e ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Dejan Stevanovic

Keyword(s):

Acute Phase ◽

Adolescent Depression ◽

Thinking Styles ◽

Acute Phase Treatment

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Recent advances in the development of metal-organic framework-based gas nanoplatforms for synergistic cancer therapy

Dalton Transactions ◽

10.1039/d0dt03767b ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yong Yao ◽

Danni Jing ◽

Jianan Zhang ◽

Youyou Huang ◽

Xiru Qin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Therapy ◽

Therapeutic Efficacy ◽

Metal Organic Framework ◽

Research Field ◽

Tumor Site ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Metal Organic ◽

Organic Framework

Featuring high therapeutic efficacy, biocompatibility, and biosafety, gas therapy as a burgeoning and promising research field has attracted considerable attention in biomedicine. However, the lack of the tumor site accumulation...

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Recovery from Transient Global Amnesia Following Restoration of Hippocampal and Fronto–Cingulate Perfusion

Behavioural Neurology ◽

10.1155/2010/768153 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (3-4) ◽

pp. 131-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paolo Caffarra ◽

Letizia Concari ◽

Simona Gardini ◽

Sabrina Spaggiari ◽

Francesca Dieci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Phase ◽

Neuropsychological Testing ◽

Transient Global Amnesia ◽

Normal Limits ◽

Global Amnesia ◽

One Year ◽

The Right ◽

Rcbf Spect ◽

Subject Comparison

A patient who suffered a transient global amnesia (TGA) attack underwent regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) SPECT imaging and neuropsychological testing in the acute phase, after one month and after one year. Neuropsychological testing in the acute phase showed a pattern of anterograde and retrograde amnesia, whereas memory was within age normal limits at follow up. SPECT data were analysed with a within subject comparison and also compared with those of a group of healthy controls. Within subject comparison between the one month follow up and the acute phase detected increases in rCBF in the hippocampus bilaterally; further rCBF increases in the right hippocampus were detected after one year. Compared to controls, significant hypoperfusion was found in the right precentral, cingulate and medial frontal gyri in the acute phase; after one month significant hypoperfusion was detected in the right precentral and cingulate gyri and the left postcentral gyrus; after one year no significant hypoperfusion appeared. The restoration of memory was paralleled by rCBF increases in the hippocampus and fronto-limbic-parietal cortex; after one year neither significant rCBF differences nor cognitive deficits were detectable. In conclusion, these data indicate that TGA had no long lasting cognitive and neural alterations in this patient.

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Albendazole and praziquantel treatment in neurocysticercosis of the fourth ventricle

Neurosurgical FOCUS ◽

10.3171/foc.1997.2.2.14 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. E13

Author(s):

Jefferson V. Proaño ◽

Ignacio Madrazo ◽

Luis García ◽

Elia García-Torres ◽

Dolores Correa

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Efficacy ◽

Fourth Ventricle ◽

Complete Disappearance ◽

Praziquantel Treatment

The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of albendazole and praziquantel administration in the treatment of neurocysticercosis of the fourth ventricle. The authors report the results obtained in 10 patients with cystic neurocysticercosis of the fourth ventricle who were treated with albendazole at a dosage of 15 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks. Because of the failure of albendazole treatment, two of the patients received an additional course of praziquantel at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks. A total of 16 courses of albendazole and two courses of praziquantel were administered to the 10 patients. In seven patients (70%), there was complete disappearance of the cyst, in two others (20%) there was an important decrease in the size of the cyst, and in one (10%), no change was seen. None of the patients had complications during the follow-up period of between 6 and 26 months (average 15.7 months). The authors postulate that a regimen of albendazole is the treatment of choice for this type of neurocysticercosis, although praziquantel may also be useful.

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Endovascular treatment of PICA aneurysms with a Low-profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS Jr) device

Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery ◽

10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-012070 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1030-1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Edgar A Samaniego ◽

German Abdo ◽

Ricardo A Hanel ◽

Andrey Lima ◽

Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endovascular Treatment ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽

Short Term ◽

Small Series ◽

Low Profile ◽

Procedural Complications ◽

Reconstructive Technique ◽

Pica Aneurysms

ObjectiveTo describe the treatment of posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms with the Low-profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Device (LVIS Jr) stent.Materials and methodsThe databases of three institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who underwent endovascular treatment of PICA aneurysms using a reconstructive technique where the LVIS Jr stent was totally or partially deployed into the PICA were included in the analysis. Clinical presentation, aneurysm and PICA sizes, procedural complications, and clinical and angiographic follow-up information was recorded and analyzed.ResultsSeven patients who underwent endovascular treatment of PICA aneurysms with an LVIS Jr stent were identified. Four aneurysms were treated in the acute phase of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). There were no symptomatic complications. One patient had spasm distal to the stent as a result of mechanical straightening of the vessel. One patient was treated in the acute phase of SAH and required a gycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor after the stent was implanted. This patient needed to be re-treated to complete embolization. All patients had good clinical outcomes (Glasgow Outcome Scale 5). No in-stent stenosis or occlusion was seen on short-term angiographic follow-up and the aneurysms were occluded.ConclusionsThis small series suggests that the use of a reconstructive technique with the LVIS Jr stent for the treatment of PICA aneurysms is feasible, safe and effective in the short term.

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Association of Refractory Pain in the Acute Phase After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage with Continued Outpatient Opioid Use

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000011906 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011906

Author(s):

Matthew N. Jaffa ◽

Jamie E. Podell ◽

Madeleine C. Smith ◽

Arshom Foroutan ◽

Adam Kardon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Acute Illness ◽

Minority Status ◽

Opioid Use ◽

Opioid Dose ◽

Refractory Pain ◽

Racial Ethnic

ObjectiveLittle is known about the prevalence of continued opioid use following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) despite guidelines recommending their use during the acute phase of disease. We sought to determine prevalence of opioid use following aSAH and test the hypothesis that acute pain and higher inpatient opioid dose increased outpatient opioid use.MethodsWe reviewed consecutively admitted aSAH patients from November 2015 through September 2019. We retrospectively collected pain scores and daily doses of analgesics. Pain burden was calculated as area under the pain-time curve. Univariate and multivariable regression models determined risk factors for continued opioid use at discharge and outpatient follow-up.ResultsWe identified 234 aSAH patients with outpatient follow-up. Continued opioid use was common at discharge (55% of patients) and follow-up (47% of patients, median 63 (IQR 49–96) days from admission). Pain burden, craniotomy, and racial-ethnic minority status were associated with discharge opioid prescription in multivariable analysis. At outpatient follow-up, pain burden (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.5–2.4), depression (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.8), and racial-ethnic minority status (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–4.0) were independently associated with continued opioid use while inpatient opioid dose was not.ConclusionContinued opioid use following aSAH is prevalent and related to refractory pain during acute illness, but not inpatient opioid dose. More efficacious analgesic strategies are needed to reduce continued opioid use in patients following aSAH.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class II evidence that continued opioid use following aSAH is associated with refractory pain during acute illness but not hospital opioid exposure.

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Pulmonary Manifestations of Rheumatoid Arthritis

The Senior Care Pharmacist ◽

10.4140/tcp.n.2021.97 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 97-103

Author(s):

Keith J. Christensen ◽

Mark A. Malesker ◽

Nikhil Jagan ◽

Douglas R Moore

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Needle Biopsy ◽

Pulmonary Toxicity ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Pulmonary Function Testing ◽

Therapeutic Outcomes ◽

Pulmonary Manifestations ◽

Lost To Follow Up ◽

Function Testing

Objective To describe the case of an 88-year-old male with rheumatoid arthritis who developed pulmonary manifestations. Treatment for his RA previously included various biologics, while at the time of pulmonary consultation included meloxicam, methotrexate, and abatacept. Following chest scans, bronchoscopy, needle biopsy, pulmonary function testing, and a thoracentesis, the diagnosis of pleural effusion and nodules associated with rheumatoid arthritis was determined. The patient was recommended to follow-up with the pulmonologist but was lost to follow-up because of nonpulmonary and nonrheumatoid arthritis complications. Settings Ambulatory clinic pharmacy practice, Community pharmacy, Consultant pharmacy practice. Practice Considerations Drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis may produce pulmonary toxicity similar to what is seen with the disease itself. Drug therapy may require modification if identified as an offending agent causing pulmonary manifestations. If fibrosing interstitial lung disease develops, the addition of nintedanib may need to be considered. Conclusion In order for pharmacists to better assist providers and patients and improve therapeutic outcomes, it is important for pharmacists to understand that pulmonary manifestations are common in patients having rheumatoid arthritis as well as with drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.

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Early prediction of falls after stroke: a 12-month follow-up of 490 patients in The Fall Study of Gothenburg (FallsGOT)

Clinical Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/0269215518819701 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 773-783 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carina M Samuelsson ◽

Per-Olof Hansson ◽

Carina U Persson

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Postural Control ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Stroke Unit ◽

Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽

Stroke Onset ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Walking Aid

Objective: To identify the incidence of falls and factors present shortly after stroke, which are associated with the occurrence of falls over the first 12 months after stroke onset, following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Design: Prospective follow-up study. Setting: Stroke unit and outpatient department. Subjects: A total of 490 individuals with acute stroke. Methods: Postural control was assessed using the Swedish modified version of the Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients. Data on self-reported falls were collected using a standardized questionnaire at three months after discharge and six and 12 months after stroke onset. Associations between characteristics during the acute phase after a stroke and falls after six and 12 months were investigated using univariable and multivariable regression analyses. Main measures: The endpoint was a self-reported fall. Results: Within three months after discharge, 38 of 165 respondents (23%) had experienced at least one fall. Within six and 12 months after stroke onset, respectively, 108 of 376 (29%) and 140 of 348 (40%) of the respondents had experienced at least one fall. Poor postural control (odds ratio 3.92, 95% confidence interval 2.07–7.45, P < 0.0001) and using a walking aid (odds ratio 2.84, 95% confidence interval 1.71–4.72, P < 0.0001) were predictors of falls after discharge within 12 months after stroke onset. The same variables were independent predictors of falls within six months. Conclusion: Poor postural control and using a walking aid in the acute phase after a stroke are associated with falls after discharge from a stroke unit within 12 months after stroke onset.

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A Comparison of Short- and Long-Term Therapeutic Outcomes of Infliximab- versus Tacrolimus-Based Strategies for Steroid-Refractory Ulcerative Colitis

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2016/3162595 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Katsuya Endo ◽

Motoyuki Onodera ◽

Hisashi Shiga ◽

Masatake Kuroha ◽

Tomoya Kimura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Therapeutic Efficacy ◽

Maintenance Treatment ◽

Remission Rate ◽

Rank Test ◽

Clinical Response Rate ◽

Therapeutic Outcomes ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Steroid Refractory

Background/Aims. Antitumor necrosis factor antibodies and calcineurin inhibitors have shown good therapeutic efficacy for steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). Although some studies have compared the efficacy of infliximab (IFX) and cyclosporin A, there are no published studies comparing IFX and tacrolimus (Tac). This study aimed to compare therapeutic efficacies between IFX- and Tac-based strategies for steroid-refractory UC.Methods. Between July 2009 and August 2013, 95 patients with steroid-refractory UC received either IFX(n=48)or Tac(n=47)in our hospital. In the IFX group, the patients continued to receive maintenance treatment with IFX. In the Tac group, patients discontinued Tac treatment up to 3 months and subsequently received thiopurine. We retrospectively compared the therapeutic outcomes between the groups.Results. There was no significant difference in the colectomy-free rate, clinical remission rate, and clinical response rate at 2 months between the groups. However, relapse-free survival was significantly higher in the IFX group than in the Tac group (p<0.001; log-rank test). The proportions of serious adverse events did not differ between the groups.Conclusion.The findings of our study showed that IFX and Tac have similar short-term therapeutic efficacy for steroid-refractory UC. Maintenance treatment with IFX, however, yields better long-term outcomes than Tac-thiopurine bridging treatment.

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