scholarly journals Impairment of the glymphatic system after diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1326-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Jiang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Guangliang Ding ◽  
Esmaeil Davoodi-Bojd ◽  
Qingjiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Fluid Exchange ◽  
Glymphatic System

The glymphatic system has recently been shown to clear brain extracellular solutes and abnormalities in glymphatic clearance system may contribute to both initiation and progression of neurological diseases. Despite that diabetes is known as a risk factor for vascular diseases, little is known how diabetes affects the glymphatic system. The current study is the first investigation of the effect of diabetes on the glymphatic system and the link between alteration of glymphatic clearance and cognitive impairment in Type-2 diabetes mellitus rats. MRI analysis revealed that clearance of cerebrospinal fluid contrast agent Gd-DTPA from the interstitial space was slowed by a factor of three in the hippocampus of Type-2 diabetes mellitus rats compared to the non-DM rats and confirmed by florescence imaging analysis. Cognitive deficits detected by behavioral tests were highly and inversely correlated to the retention of Gd-DTPA contrast and fluorescent tracer in the hippocampus of Type-2 diabetes mellitus rats. Type-2 diabetes mellitus suppresses clearance of interstitial fluid in the hippocampus and hypothalamus, suggesting that an impairment of the glymphatic system contributes to Type-2 diabetes mellitus-induced cognitive deficits. Whole brain MRI provides a sensitive, non-invasive tool to quantitatively evaluate cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid exchange in Type-2 diabetes mellitus and possibly in other neurological disorders, with potential clinical application.

354-P: Interstitial Fluid Glucose as a Measure of Hypoglycemia Burden in Elderly Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 354-P
Author(s):  
KRISTY TIAN ◽  
LI C. ANG ◽  
YONG MONG BEE ◽  
SU-YEN GOH ◽  
MING M. TEH
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Elderly Subjects

Decreased plasma level of lipoprotein lipase predicted verbal disfluency in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with early cognitive deficits

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke An ◽  
Peng Guo ◽  
Haoqiang Zhang ◽  
Wenwen Zhu ◽  
Wuyou Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Control Group

Background : Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is the rate-limiting enzyme of catalyzing the hydrolysis of triglycerides and contributes to amyloid-β formation which shows promise as a pathological factor of cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the pathogenetic roles of LPL and rs328 polymorphism in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with T2DM. Methods: Chinese patients with T2DM were recruited and divided into two groups based on Montreal Cognitive Assessment score. Demographic data were collected, LPL was measured and neuropsychological test results were examined. Results: Seventy-nine patients with diabetes and MCI had significantly decreased plasma LPL levels (p = 0.007) when compared with health-cognition controls (n = 91). Correlation analysis revealed that LPL was positively correlated with clock drawing test (r = 0.158, p = 0.043) and logical memory test (r = 0.162, p = 0.037), while lipoprotein a (r = -0.214, p = 0.006) was inversely associated with LPL. Logistic regression analysis further demonstrated that LPL concentration was an independent factor for diabetic MCI (p = 0.036). No significant differences were observed in the distributions of rs328 variants between patients with MCI and the controls. Moreover, no remarkable association was found among plasma LPL levels, cognitive performances, and lipid levels between the genotypic subgroups. The trail making tests A was increased in the GC group when compared with the CC genotype in the control group. Conclusion: Decreased plasma level of LPL could probably predict early cognitive deficits, especially verbal disfluency.

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus accelerates brain aging and cognitive decline: complementary findings from UK Biobank and meta-analyses.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam P McMahon ◽  
Botond Antal ◽  
Syed Fahad Sultan ◽  
Andrew Lithen ◽  
Deborah J Wexler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Functional Changes

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is known to be associated with cognitive deficits; however, their extent, overlap with aging effects, and neurobiological correlates are currently unknown. We characterized neurocognitive effects in T2DM in a large cohort complemented by meta-analysis of the published literature. As compared to age, sex, and education-matched HC, T2DM was associated with marked cognitive deficits, particularly in executive functioning and processing speed. Likewise, we found that the diagnosis of T2DM was significantly associated with gray matter atrophy, primarily within the ventral striatum, cerebellum, and putamen, with reorganization of brain activity (decreased in the caudate, frontal eye fields, and premotor cortex and increased in the subgenual area, thalamus, brainstem and posterior cingulate cortex). The structural and functional changes associated with T2DM show marked overlap with the effects of aging but appear earlier, with disease duration linked to more severe neurodegeneration. The neurocognitive impact of T2DM suggests marked acceleration of normal brain aging, by approximately 24%, made worse with chronicity. As such, neuroimaging-based biomarkers may provide a valuable adjunctive measure of T2DM progression and treatment efficacy based on neurological outcomes.

Cognitive Functioning and Brain MRI in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustina M.A. Brands ◽  
Geert Jan Biessels ◽  
L. Jaap Kappelle ◽  
Edward H.F. de Haan ◽  
Harold W. de Valk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Brain Mri

scholarly journals Comparison of Interstitial Fluid Glucose Levels Obtained by Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Flash Glucose Monitoring in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Undergoing Hemodialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1088-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Yajima ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Keigo Yasuda
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Flash Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Grid Analysis ◽  
Error Grid

Background: The accuracy of flash glucose monitoring (FGM, FreeStyle Libre Pro [FSL-Pro]) remains unclear in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: We assessed 13 patients with T2DM undergoing hemodialysis. They simultaneously underwent FGM, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM, iPro2), and self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG). Results: Parkes error grid analysis against SMBG showed that 49.0% and 51.0% of interstitial fluid glucose (ISFG) levels measured using FGM and 93.3% and 6.7% of those measured using CGM fell into zones A and B, respectively. Mean absolute relative difference (MARD) against SMBG for FGM was significantly higher than that for CGM (19.5% ± 13.2% vs 8.1% ± 7.6%, P < .0001). Parkes error grid analysis of 2496 paired ISFG levels between FGM and CGM showed that 53.6%, 46.2%, and 0.2% of the plots fell into zones A, B, and C, respectively. Mean ISFG levels were lower with FGM than with CGM (143.7 ± 67.2 mg/dL vs 164.6 ± 58.5 mg/dL; P < .0001). Mean absolute relative difference of ISFG levels between FGM and CGM was 19.2% ± 13.8%. Among three groups classified according to CGM ISFG levels (hypoglycemia, <70 mg/dL; euglycemia, 70-180 mg/dL; and hyperglycemia, >180 mg/dL), the MARDs for hypoglycemia (31.9% ± 25.0%) and euglycemia (22.8% ± 14.6%) were significantly higher than MARD for hyperglycemia (13.0% ± 8.5%) ( P < .0001 in both). Conclusions: Flash glucose monitoring may be clinically acceptable. Average ISFG levels were lower with FGM than with CGM, and MARDs were higher for hypoglycemia and euglycemia in patients with T2DM undergoing hemodialysis.

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