Blood lipid markers are associated with hippocampal viscoelastic properties and memory in humans

Age-related memory loss shares similar risk factors as cardiometabolic diseases including elevated serum triglycerides (TGs) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The mechanisms linking these aberrant blood lipids to memory loss are not completely understood but may be partially mediated by reduced integrity of the hippocampus (HC), the primary brain structure for encoding and recalling memories. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that blood lipid markers are independently associated with memory performance and HC viscoelasticity—a noninvasive measure of brain tissue microstructural integrity assessed by high-resolution magnetic resonance elastography (MRE). Twenty-six individuals across the adult lifespan were recruited (14 M/12 F; mean age: 42 ± 15 y; age range: 22–78 y) and serum lipid profiles were related to episodic memory and HC viscoelasticity. All subjects were generally healthy without clinically abnormal blood lipids or memory loss. Episodic memory was negatively associated with the TG/HDL-C ratio. HC viscoelasticity was negatively associated with serum TGs and the TG/HDL-C ratio, independent of age and in the absence of associations with HC volume. These data, although cross-sectional, suggest that subtle differences in blood lipid profiles in healthy adults may contribute to a reduction in memory function and HC tissue integrity.

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Effects of dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio on growth performance, apparent digestibility, blood lipid profiles, fecal microbiota, and meat quality in finishing pigs

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1139/cjas-2019-0072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 100 (2) ◽

pp. 272-281

Author(s):

Hao Yang Sun ◽

Hyeok Min Yun ◽

In Ho Kim

Keyword(s):

Fish Oil ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Linseed Oil ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Finishing Pigs

The effects of dietary omega-6 (n-6) to omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios on growth performance, digestibility, blood lipid profiles, fecal microbial counts, and meat quality in finishing pigs were examined by using linseed and fish oil. A total of 140 crossbred finishing pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were used in a 10 wk trial. Pigs were blocked based on body weight (BW) and sex and randomly allotted to four dietary treatments formulated to have n-6/n-3 ratios of 5/1, 10/1, 15/1, and 17/1 (control). Throughout the experiment, BW, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake were significantly (P < 0.05) increased with a decreased ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA. Energy digestibility and fecal Lactobacillus count showed a linear (P < 0.05) increase in week 10. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood triglyceride concentrations increased (P < 0.1) during week 10. However, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced (P < 0.05) linearly during week 5 and week 10 with a reduction in dietary n-6/n-3 ratio. This study provides a basis for future research on altering n-6/n-3 ratio by using linseed oil and refined fish oil in finishing pigs.

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Optimal cut-off points after a daily meal corresponding to fasting goal levels of LDL-C and non-HDL-C in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease

10.21203/rs.2.20892/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Li-Ling Guo ◽

Yan-qiao Chen ◽

Qiu-zhen Lin ◽

Feng Tian ◽

Qun-Yan Xiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Blood Lipids ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

C Statistic ◽

Blood Lipid Levels

Abstract Background: Although the detection of non-fasting blood lipids has been recommended in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), the non-fasting cut-off points corresponding to the fasting goals of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/Land non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L, respectively, have not been explored. Methods: This study enrolled 397 inpatients with CHD. One hundred and ninety-seven patients took statins for < 1 month (m) or did not take any statin before admission (i.e. CHD1 group), while 204 patients took statins for ≥ 1 m before admission (i.e. CHD2 group). Blood lipid levels were measured at 0 h, 2 h, and 4 h after a daily breakfast. Results: Non-fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels significantly decreased after a daily meal ( P < 0.05). Both fasting and non-fasting LDL-C or non-HDL-C levels were significantly lower in the CHD2 group. The percent attainment of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/L at 2 h or 4 h after a daily breakfast was significantly higher than that of its fasting point ( P < 0.05), whereas that of non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L was significantly higher only at 4 h ( P < 0.05). Analysis of c-statistic showed that non-fasting cut-off points for LDL-C and non-HDL-C were 1.5 mmol/L and 2.4 mmol/L, corresponding to their fasting goal levels of 1.8 mmol/L and 2.6 mmol/L, respectively. When postprandial LDL-C and non-HDL-C goal attainments were re-evaluated by non-fasting cut-off points, there were no significant differences in percent attainment between fasting and non-fasting states. Conclusions: Determination ofnon-fasting cut-off points is important to evaluate the efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy if blood lipids are detected after a daily meal.

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Comparison Between Fasting and Non-Fasting Cut-Off Values of Triglyceride in Diagnosing High Triglyceride in Chinese Hypertensive Outpatients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-961584/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yingying Xie ◽

Peiliu Qu ◽

Tie Wen ◽

Ling Liu ◽

Xiao Du ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Lipids ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Direct Methods ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Fasting State

Abstract Background: Hypertension (HBP) often occurs together with hypertriglyceridemia that indicates elevated triglyceride (TG) and remnant cholesterol (RC) levels. Non-fasting (i.e. postprandial) blood lipid test after a daily meal has been recommended by the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). However, little is known about the difference between fasting and non-fasting cut-off values in assessing high TG (HTG) and high RC (HRC) in HBP outpatients.Methods: Two hundred and twenty-five Chinese outpatients with HBP were enrolled in this study. According to the time of blood lipid test, they were divided into two groups, i.e. the fasting group (n=119) and the non-fasting group (n=139). Non-fasting levels of blood lipids at 2 h after a daily breakfast were also tested in 33 patients among the fasting group. Venous blood samples were collected. Serum levels of blood lipids were measured by the enzymatic and direct methods on a HITACHI 7170A analyzer or estimated via related formulas. Results: The non-fasting group had significantly higher levels of TG and RC while lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than the fasting group (P＜0.05). According to TG and RC cut-off values of the EAS, the percentages of HTG and HRC in the non-fasting group were 67.6% and 65.6%, respectively, while those in the fasting group were 57.1% and 52.9%, respectively. However, the percentages of HTG in the fasting state and at 2 h after a daily breakfast in 33 outpatients did not reach statistical significance (57.6% v.s. 51.5%). So did the fasting and at 2 h non-fasting percentages of HRC in them.Conclusion: Non-fasting blood lipid test could find more HBP outpatients with HTG in Chinese outpatients with HBP. However, the percentage of HTG at 2h after a daily breakfast seemed to be close to that in the fasting state.

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Major Lipids, Apolipoproteins, and Alterations of Gut Microbiota

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9051589 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 1589

Author(s):

Kyung Eun Yun ◽

Jimin Kim ◽

Mi-hyun Kim ◽

Eunkyo Park ◽

Hyung-Lae Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Large Scale ◽

Blood Lipids ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Control Group ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Lipid Markers

The gut microbiota has been linked to blood lipids. However, the relationship between the gut microbiome and other lipid markers like apolipoproteins A1 (apoA1) and B (apoB) as well as classical lipid markers in Asians remain unclear. Here, we examined the associations between gut microbial diversity and taxonomic compositions with both apolipoproteins and lipid markers in a large number of Korean patients. The fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing data from 1141 subjects were analyzed and subjects were categorized into control group (G0) or abnormal group (G1) according to blood lipid measurements. The microbial diversity and several taxa of the gut microbiota were significantly associated with triglyceride, apoA1, and apoB levels, but not with total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The alpha diversity of the gut microbiota was inversely associated with high triglyceride level. Interestingly, G1 of apoA1 showed increased microbial richness and distinct microbial community compared with G0 of apoA1. A high abundance of Fusobacteria and low abundance of Oscillospira were found in the hypertriglyceridemia group. In this large-scale study, we identified associations of gut microbiota with apolipoproteins and classical lipid markers, indicating that the gut microbiota may be an important target for regulating blood lipids.

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Comparison between fasting and non-fasting cut-off values of triglyceride in diagnosing high triglyceride in Chinese hypertensive outpatients

10.21203/rs.3.rs-961584/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yingying Xie ◽

Peiliu Qu ◽

Ling Liu ◽

Xiao Du ◽

Shilan Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Lipids ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Direct Methods ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Fasting State

Abstract Background Hypertension (HBP) often occurs together with hypertriglyceridemia that indicates elevated triglyceride (TG) and remnant cholesterol (RC) levels. Non-fasting (i.e. postprandial) blood lipid test after a daily meal has been recommended by the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). However, little is known about the difference between fasting and non-fasting cut-off values in assessing high TG (HTG) and high RC (HRC) in HBP outpatients. Methods Two hundred and twenty-five Chinese outpatients with HBP were enrolled in this study. According to the time of blood lipid test, they were divided into two groups, i.e. the fasting group (n=119) and the non-fasting group (n=139). Non-fasting levels of blood lipids at 2 h after a daily breakfast were also tested in 33 patients among the fasting group. Venous blood samples were collected. Serum levels of blood lipids were measured by the enzymatic and direct methods on a HITACHI 7170A analyzer or estimated via related formulas. Results The non-fasting group had significantly higher levels of TG and RC while lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol than the fasting group (P༜0.05). According to TG and RC cut-off values of the EAS, the percentages of HTG and HRC in the non-fasting group were 67.6% and 65.6%, respectively, while those in the fasting group were 57.1% and 52.9%, respectively. However, the percentages of HTG in the fasting state and at 2 h after a daily breakfast in 33 outpatients did not reach statistical significance (57.6% v.s. 51.5%). So did the fasting and at 2 h non-fasting percentages of HRC in them. Conclusion Non-fasting blood lipid test could find more HBP outpatients with HTG in Chinese outpatients with HBP. However, the percentage of HTG at 2h after a daily breakfast seemed to be close to that in the fasting state.

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Abstract P267: Cardiorespiratory Fitness Does not Attenuate the Association Between Adiposity and Blood Lipids in Children and Adolescents: Project HeartBeat! (1991-1995)

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.129.suppl_1.p267 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Olakunle A Folorunso ◽

Christina M Shay ◽

Kai Ding ◽

Susan B Sisson ◽

Sheryl L Magzamen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Blood Lipids ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Tanner Stage ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pubertal Boys ◽

Project Heartbeat

Background: Higher levels of adiposity are associated with unfavorable blood lipid levels in pediatric populations. However, little is known about the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness attenuates this association. Methods: Participants ages 8-16 years (n=256) with valid measures of blood lipids, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and adiposity were examined from Project Heartbeat!, a longitudinal study of cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents. CRF was assessed by maximum oxygen uptake: VO 2max (mL/kg/min) measured during treadmill testing and adiposity was assessed by percent body fat (PBF) estimated using sex-specific formulas incorporating bioelectric impedance and six-site skinfold measures. Fasting blood lipids included total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Linear regression was used to quantify cross-sectional associations between CRF and adiposity with blood lipids by sex and pubertal status (Tanner stage 1 vs. 2-5). Results: When examined individually, higher PBF and lower VO 2max were associated with more favorable levels of blood lipids in pre-pubertal boys, however, the associations were not consistent across all sex/puberty groups (Table 1). In multivariate models where both VO 2max and PBF were included, PBF remained significant for all blood lipids in pre-pubertal boys but only with TC and LDL-C in pre-pubertal girls. Among pubertal participants, only TG remained significantly associated with PBF when similarly accounting for VO 2max . Conclusions: Prior to the onset of puberty, higher adiposity is independently associated with more favorable levels of TG and HDL-C in boys and TC and LDL-C in girls even after accounting for CRF. During puberty, the majority of these associations are greatly attenuated, which further highlights the complexities associated with examining correlates of blood lipids in developing children.

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Steroidal aromatase inhibitors have a more favorable effect on lipid profiles than nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer: a prospective cohort study

Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology ◽

10.1177/1758835920925991 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 175883592092599

Author(s):

Xue Wang ◽

Anjie Zhu ◽

Jiayu Wang ◽

Fei Ma ◽

Jing Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Early Breast Cancer ◽

Aromatase Inhibitors ◽

Cumulative Incidence ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) influence blood lipid profiles. However, relatively few studies have directly compared the treatment effects of steroidal and nonsteroidal AIs. Methods: A prospective single-center cohort study was conducted to investigate the effects of steroidal and nonsteroidal AIs on lipid profiles during the first 24 months of endocrine therapy in hormone receptor-positive postmenopausal patients with early breast cancer. The primary endpoint was the cumulative incidence of lipid events, while the secondary endpoints were changes in lipid profiles and lipid event-free survival. Results: Comparison of the lipid profiles of the two groups showed that triglycerides (TGs) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly higher in the nonsteroidal AI group over 24 months ( p < 0.05), whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly higher only at 3 months ( p = 0.017) and 6 months ( p = 0.026). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower in the steroidal group at all time points ( p < 0.05), except at 18 months ( p = 0.085). The cumulative incidence of lipid events in the steroidal and nonsteroidal groups at 24 months was 25.3% and 37.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis results indicated that TG, LDL-C, and steroidal AIs were independently associated with blood lipid events. Conclusion: This trial showed that a significantly higher cumulative incidence of lipid events occurred in the nonsteroidal AI group than in the steroidal AI group, which indicated that steroidal AIs exerted a protective effect against blood lipid events in postmenopausal women receiving an AI as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02765373

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The Effect of Different Traditional Chinese Exercises on Blood Lipid in Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Life ◽

10.3390/life11070714 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 714

Author(s):

Yanan Gao ◽

Lei Yu ◽

Xiaohan Li ◽

Chen Yang ◽

Aiwen Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Lipids ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Cumulative Probability ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

The Impact

Although the impact of physical exercise on blood lipids is well documented, less information is available regarding the effect of traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs), and it is unclear what the best TCE treatment for dyslipidemia in middle-aged and elderly individuals is. The aim of this study was to systematically assess the effects of TCEs (Taijiquan, TJQ; Wuqinxi, WQX; Baduanjin, BDJ; Liuzijue, LZJ; Yijinjing, YJJ; Dawu, DW) on blood lipids in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Chinese and English databases were searched, including PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chongqing VIP, and Web of Science. A total of 42 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 2977 subjects were analyzed. Outcome indicators include total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triacylglyceride (TAG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Summary mean differences (MD) were calculated using pairwise and network meta-analysis with a random-effects model. The results of this study showed that compared to non-exercise intervention (NEI), all six kinds of TCE treatment had some kind of influence on blood lipid indicators, among which WQX and TJQ could improve all four blood lipid indicators, whereas BDJ was effective on three indicators but not on TC. The results of cumulative probability ranking showed that WQX (84.9%, 73.8%, 63.4%, 63.1% to TC, TAG, HDL-C, LDL-C, respectively) was at the top spot being the best intervention, followed by BDJ (55.6%, 83.7%, 68.4%, 56.1%) and TJQ (73.7%, 47.6%, 63.1%, 54.1%). The network meta-analysis of RCTs demonstrates that WQX may be the best TCE treatment for dyslipidemia in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

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Vanadium Exposure in Early Pregnancy and Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzab046_024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 727-727

Author(s):

Xiyu Cao ◽

Lixia Lin ◽

Meng Wu ◽

Daxiang Xiao ◽

Menghan Tu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Abstract Objectives To investigate the association between blood vanadium (V) concentrations in early pregnancy and blood lipid profiles and their implications on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods We performed a prospective study of 2416 pregnant women from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort (TMCHC). Demographic characteristics and dietary intake were obtained by questionnaire, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted at 24–28 gestational weeks to diagnose GDM. V concentrations and lipid levels were determined by analysis of blood samples, which were collected before 20 gestational weeks, with the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and commercial assay kits. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were used in our analysis. Results The median (inter quartile range) value of V concentrations of all pregnant women was 0.19 (0.24, 0.32) μg/L. After adjusting for demographic and dietary factors, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were correlated positively with blood concentrations of V (p for trend = 0.002 for LDL-C, p for trend = 0.006 for TG and p for trend = 0.003 for TC) while there was a significant negative correlation between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and V concentrations (p for trend < 0.001). In addition, V concentrations were significantly higher in women with GDM than those without GDM (median value: 0.26μg/L vs. 0.24μg/L, p < 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, for each one natural logarithmic unit increase in V concentrations, there was 42% [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 1.77] increase in the risk of GDM. Women in the highest quartile for V had a 2.24-fold (95% CI: 1.43, 3.52) higher risk of GDM compared with women in the lowest quartile (p for trend = 0.002). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first research of associations between blood V levels during pregnancy and blood lipid profiles or GDM. Our study suggests that pregnant women with higher V exposure levels may have higher risks of dyslipidemia and GDM, either evaluated with or without adjustment of demographic information, dietary factors or other common trace elements’ concentrations. Funding Sources Received from the National Program on Basic Research Project of China (NO.2013FY114200) for Nianhong Yang.

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Genetic variation of RNF145 gene and blood lipid levels in Xinjiang population, China

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85503-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jing Ming ◽

Xian Wei ◽

Min Han ◽

Dilare Adi ◽

Jialin Abuzhalihan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Ring Finger ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

General Linear Model Analysis ◽

Confounding Variables ◽

Before And After ◽

Detection Response

AbstractDyslipidemia is one of the main risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). The E3 ubiquitin ligase which is encoded by the ring finger protein 145 (RNF145) gene is very important in the mediation of cholesterol synthesis and effectively treats hypercholesterolemia. Thus, the purpose of the present research is to investigate the connection between the polymorphism of the RNF145 gene and cholesterol levels in the populations in Xinjiang, China. A total of 1396 participants (Male: 628, Female: 768) were included in this study for genetic analysis of RNF145 gene, and we used the modified multiple connection detection response (iMLDR) technology to label two SNPs (rs17056583, rs12188266) of RNF145 genotyping. The relationship between the genotypes and the lipid profiles was analyzed with general linear model analysis after adjusting confounding variables. Through the analysis of the two SNPs in RNF145 gene, we discovered that both rs17056583 and rs12188266 were related to total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations (All P < 0.001). In addition, the association of rs17056583 and rs12188266 with lipid profiles concentrations is still statistically significant after multivariate adjustment of sex, age, smoking, obesity, drinking, diabetes, hypertension and lipid profiles. Meanwhile, we also found that rs17056583 was associated with high triglycerides concentrations before and after adjustment (All P < 0.001). Our study shows that both rs17056583 and rs12188266 SNPs of RNP145 gene are related to TC and LDL-C concentrations in Xinjiang population.

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