Direct and Interaction Effects of Co-Existing Familial Risk Factors and Protective Factors Associated With Internet Addiction Among Chinese Students in Hong Kong

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anise M. S. Wu ◽  
Joseph T. F. Lau ◽  
Kit-man Cheng ◽  
Rita W. Law ◽  
Vincent W. S. Tse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Internet addiction (IA) is prevalent among adolescents and imposes a serious public health threat. Familial risk and protective factors may co-exist and interact with each other to determine IA. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 9,618 Secondary 1 to 4 students in Hong Kong, China. About 16% of the surveyed students were classified as Internet addicted; nearly one third of them perceived that at least one of their family members had IA (FMIA). We found that FMIA was a risk factor (multivariate odds ratio [OR] = 2.04), and perceived family support was a protective factor (multivariate OR = 0.97) of IA. We also found a significant risk-enhancement moderation effect between these risk and protective factors, that is, the risk effect of FMIA increased with perceived family support. The finding highlights that family-based interventions, which modify familial risk and protective factors, should be effective for adolescent IA, but caution is required about potential risk-enhancement moderations between such factors.

scholarly journals RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS FOR ABUSE AND NEGLECT IN DAILY CAREGIVING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S544-S544
Author(s):  
Maria Yefimova ◽  
Carolyn Pickering ◽  
Christopher Maxwell ◽  
Frank Puga ◽  
Tami Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Elder Abuse ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Abuse And Neglect

Abstract The stress-process model suggests a variety of factors related to the stress-experience as important in the formation of outcomes including elder abuse and neglect (EAN). Multi-level modeling with days (n=831) nested within caregivers (N=50) was used to evaluate relationships between theoretically-based risk and protective factors and odds of EAN. Disruptions in the daily routine are a significant risk factor for abuse and neglect. Participating in a meaningful activity at least twice a day with the care recipient is a significant protective factor for neglect (OR=0.19; CI=0.06-0.64; p=0.01), but not abuse. Hypotheses that spending the full day together would increase the risk of EAN, and receipt of instrumental support and caregiver participation in self-care would decrease risk, were not supported. Findings demonstrate that the risk of EAN varies from day-to-day in the presence and absence of contextual factors. Moreover, abuse and neglect may have different etiologic pathways.

scholarly journals The Association of Parent-Child Communication With Internet Addiction in Left-Behind Children in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Cai ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Jingjing Lu ◽  
Lu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Parent Child Communication ◽  
Parent Child

Objective: Internet addiction has emerged as a growing concern worldwide. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of Internet addiction between left-behind children (LBC) and non-left-behind children (non-LBC), and explore the role of paternal and maternal parent-child communication on LBC.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey in rural areas in Anhui, China. The complete data were available from 699 LBC and 740 non-LBC. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine 1) whether LBC were more likely to develop Internet addiction, and 2) the association between parent-child communication and Internet addiction among LBC.Results: LBC had a higher likelihood to report Internet addiction when compared to non-LBC (OR = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.43–2.88, p < 0.001). Among LBC, parent-child communication (both mother-child and father-child) was protective factor for children’s Internet addiction. The role of mother-child communication played well among male LBC.Conclusions: The lack of parental supervision may lead to Internet addiction. It is highly recommended for migrant parents to improve the quality of communication with their children. Also, gender-matching effects should be considered in the relationship between children’s behavior and parental factors.

scholarly journals Risk and protective factors for alcohol use among school-going adolescents in Montevideo (Uruguay)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eugenia Fernandez ◽  
Lilian Daset ◽  
Wouter Vanderplasschen ◽  
Cesar Daniel Costa Ball ◽  
Lore Van Damme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Screening Instrument ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Alcohol Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore risk and protective factors for alcohol use among school-going adolescents in Montevideo (Uruguay). Design/methodology/approach A self-report survey was administered to 331 school-going adolescents in Montevideo (Uruguay) (Mage=13; SD=0.05), using the alcohol screening instrument of the Uruguayan National Drug Board to assess adolescents’ alcohol use (yes/no), a screening instrument for psychopathology and resilience (the adolescent self-report) and a socio-demographic questionnaire. Findings Logistic regression analyses identified antisocial behaviour, substance use and negative emotionality (F2), disruptive and dysregulated behaviour (F8), higher age and recent death of a close relative as risk factors, while the number of close friends was identified as a protective factor for past year alcohol use (yes/no). No straightforward relationship was found between schools and the risk for the past year alcohol use. In addition, age, F2, F8 and recent death of a close relative appeared to be the most robust predictors. Research limitations/implications The study was the first in Uruguay to relate adolescents’ alcohol use to risk and protective factors. Given the cross-sectional nature of the study, causal relationships could not be determined. Originality/value The study provides preliminary recommendations for policy makers and other stakeholders involved in youth affairs on core elements to focus on school-, community- and family-based alcohol prevention programmes for adolescents.

Sunburn Frequency and Risk and Protective Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Braun ◽  
Colin H Adler ◽  
Michael Goodman ◽  
Howa Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Primary prevention of skin cancer is at the forefront of public health as morbidity and economic burden of this malignancy continue to grow. There are limited data on effective interventions to reduce sunburn frequency and modifiable risk factors. OBJECTIVE To determine an association between (1) demographic characteristics and outdoor sunburn frequency and (2) sunburn frequency and sun-related behaviors. METHODS Of the 23,430 surveys sent out, 4,883 participants reported sunburn-related data in the National Cancer Institute Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5 Cycle 3, a nationally representative, cross-sectional household survey. Association between frequency of sunburns within the last 12 months and demographic, risk, and protective factors were examined using Rao-Scott chi-square test. When assessing demographic factors, potential confounding was addressed using multivariable analysis. RESULTS In multivariable models, respondents more likely to report any sunburn were younger than 35 (ages 35-64 Odds Ratio (OR) (95% Confidence Interval CI): 0.43 (0.30-0.61); ages 65+ OR (95% CI): 0.12 (0.07-0.16)) and non-Hispanic white ethnicity (Non-Hispanic Black or Other OR (95% CI): 0.19 (0.13-0.30); Hispanic OR (95% CI): 0.48 (0.32-0.72)). Respondents with higher income were more likely to report any sunburn (OR (95% CI): 2.58 (1.78-3.76)), but less likely to sunburn frequently (OR (95% CI): 0.26 (0.12-0.56)). Females were less likely to report frequent sunburns than males (OR (95% CI): 0.56 (0.34-0.94)). Engagement in sporting events (P =.04), outdoor events (P=.04), and day-to-day activities (P<.001) during the most recent sunburn was more commonly reported by those with frequent sunburns as compared with those with infrequent sunburns while no difference was found in protective factors or alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS Public health interventions to prevent sunburns should target specific higher risk demographics during time spent outdoors, sporting events, and other day-to-day activities. Further insight into risk and protective behaviors for those who did not burn for comparison could be useful to further guide public health interventions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and risk factors for curable sexually transmitted infections on Bubaque Island, Guinea Bissau

2020 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2019-054351
Author(s):  
Giovanna Cowley ◽  
Gregory Milne ◽  
Eunice Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Jose Nakutum ◽  
Amabelia Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Guinea Bissau

ObjectivesComplications from sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can result in severe morbidity and mortality. To date, no STI population studies have been conducted on the Bijagos Islands, Guinea Bissau. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of and identify risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), Neisseria gonorrhoea (Ng), Mycoplasma genitalium (Mg), Trichomonas vaginalis (Tv) and Treponema pallidum (Tp) on Bubaque, the most populated island.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on the island of Bubaque among people aged 16–49 years. Participants were asked to answer a questionnaire on STI risk factors, to provide urine samples (men and women) and vaginal swabs (women) for PCR testing for Ct, Ng, Mg and Tv, and to provide dry blood spots for Tp particle agglutination assays. Data were analysed to estimate the prevalence of STIs and logistic regression was used to identify risk factors.ResultsIn total, 14.9% of participants were found to have a curable STI, with the highest prevalence being observed for Tv (5.9%) followed by Ct (3.8%), Ng (3.8%), Mg (1.9%) and Tp (0.8%). Significant risk factors for having any STI included being female, younger age and concurrent partnership. Having had a previous STI that was optimally treated was a protective factor.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that there is a considerable burden of STI on the Bijagos Islands, stressing the need for diagnostic testing to facilitate early detection and treatment of these pathogens to stop ongoing transmission. Moreover, these results indicate the need to conduct further research into the STI burden on the Bijagos Islands to help inform and develop a national STI control strategy.

scholarly journals Daily Context for Abusive and Neglectful Behavior in Family Caregiving for Dementia

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn E Z Pickering ◽  
Maria Yefimova ◽  
Christopher Maxwell ◽  
Frank Puga ◽  
Tami Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Meaningful Activity ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Design And Methods

Abstract Background and Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify risk and protective factors for abusive and neglectful behavior in the context of daily caregiving. Research Design and Methods Family caregivers who co-reside with a care recipient with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia, recruited from social media, completed 21-days of diaries. Multilevel modeling with days (n = 831) nested within caregivers (N = 50) was used to evaluate relationships between hypothesized risk and protective factors and the odds of an abusive or neglectful behavior on a given day. Results Disruptions in the daily routine and stress of the caregiver related to behavioral symptoms of the care recipient are significant risk factors for abusive and neglectful behavior. Participating in a meaningful activity with the care recipient when it occurs twice in a day is a significant protective factor against use of a neglect behavior (OR = 0.19; CI 0.06–0.64; p = .01), but not for abusive behavior. Hypotheses that spending the full day together would increase risk, and that receipt of instrumental support and caregiver participation in self-care would decrease risk, were not supported. Discussion and Implications Findings demonstrate that risk of an abusive or neglectful behavior varies from day-to-day in the presence and absence of contextual factors, and that the majority of the variance in the odds an abusive or neglectful behavior occurring is related to day-level factors. Findings demonstrate that diary surveys are critical to identifying ecologically valid modifiable risk and protective factors for abusive and neglectful behaviors that can be targeted in future interventions.

scholarly journals Public awareness and knowledge of factors associated with dementia in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-bo Zheng ◽  
Le Shi ◽  
Yi-Miao Gong ◽  
Xiao-Xiao Wang ◽  
Qing-Dong Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background Dementia is a global public health priority. Many modifiable factors have been shown to influence the development of dementia, but these factors are not adequately known by the general public. This study assessed public awareness of the factors that are associated with dementia among the general population in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2019 using an Internet-based questionnaire. We collected basic sociodemographic characteristics and investigated participants’ knowledge of risk and protective factors that are associated with dementia. The primary outcome measures were the proportions of participants who identified each option as a risk or protective factor. Logistic regression analysis was performed to compare levels of the knowledge of factors that are associated with dementia across populations with different demographic characteristics. Results Data from a total of 3,338 respondents were analyzed. The percentages of participants who accurately identified dementia risk factors were the following: 84.24% for negative affect, 65.07% for alcohol use, 56.68% for smoking, 48.74% for hypertension, and 42.66% for diabetes. The percentages of participants who accurately identified dementia protective factors were the following: 90.00% for exercise, 84.69% for social activity, 80.92% for intelligence games, 74.45% for reading, and 6.14% for antihypertensive or hypolipidemic drugs. The majority of Chinese people correctly recognized the role of lifestyle factors in the development of dementia but not medical factors. Levels of knowledge of the factors that are associated with dementia were significantly distinct across populations with different characteristics. The following sociodemographic characteristics were associated with more comprehensive knowledge of dementia risk and protective factors: women, young age, high education levels, white-collar jobs, and contact with individuals with dementia. Conclusions Public awareness and knowledge of risk and protective factors for dementia in China are still insufficient. More efforts are needed to publicize information about dementia to reduce risk and prevent dementia.

scholarly journals Sunburn frequency and risk and protective factors: a cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley A Braun ◽  
Colin H Adler ◽  
Michael Goodman ◽  
Howa Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Adolescent food insecurity: the special case of Marshallese youth in north-west Arkansas, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don E Willis ◽  
Kevin M Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
12Th Grade

AbstractObjective:Food insecurity is not randomly dispersed throughout the population; rather, there are a number of risk and protective factors shaping both the prevalence and severity of food insecurity across households and sociodemographic populations. The present study examines some of these factors and the role that race and ethnicity among adolescent individuals in north-west Arkansas might play, paying specific attention to a subgroup of Pacific Islanders: the Marshallese.Design:The study uses cross-sectional survey data collected from a self-administered questionnaire of 10th–12th grade students.Setting:A city in north-west Arkansas, USA.Participants:The number of enrolled students in the selected high school at the time of the survey was 2148. Ten classrooms (116 students) were unable to participate at the time of the survey, making 2032 students eligible to be surveyed. Approximately 22% refused to participate and 105 students were absent from school, yielding a response rate of approximately 78% (n 1493).Results:Marshallese students had a higher prevalence of food insecurity than all other racial and ethnic groups in the study. After controlling for other sociodemographic, risk and protective factors, their odds of food insecurity remained significantly higher than both non-Hispanic White and Hispanic or Latinx students.Conclusions:Adolescent food insecurity among Marshallese students must be made sense of in relation to structural-level determinants that shape the distribution of vital resources such as food across racial, ethnic and foreign-born lines.

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