scholarly journals Understanding risk and protective factors to UK railway workers' mental wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey

The Lancet ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
pp. S33
Author(s):  
Nicola Cogan ◽  
Megan McGibbon ◽  
Amy Gardener ◽  
Liza Morton
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Railway Workers

Sunburn Frequency and Risk and Protective Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Braun ◽  
Colin H Adler ◽  
Michael Goodman ◽  
Howa Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND Primary prevention of skin cancer is at the forefront of public health as morbidity and economic burden of this malignancy continue to grow. There are limited data on effective interventions to reduce sunburn frequency and modifiable risk factors. OBJECTIVE To determine an association between (1) demographic characteristics and outdoor sunburn frequency and (2) sunburn frequency and sun-related behaviors. METHODS Of the 23,430 surveys sent out, 4,883 participants reported sunburn-related data in the National Cancer Institute Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5 Cycle 3, a nationally representative, cross-sectional household survey. Association between frequency of sunburns within the last 12 months and demographic, risk, and protective factors were examined using Rao-Scott chi-square test. When assessing demographic factors, potential confounding was addressed using multivariable analysis. RESULTS In multivariable models, respondents more likely to report any sunburn were younger than 35 (ages 35-64 Odds Ratio (OR) (95% Confidence Interval CI): 0.43 (0.30-0.61); ages 65+ OR (95% CI): 0.12 (0.07-0.16)) and non-Hispanic white ethnicity (Non-Hispanic Black or Other OR (95% CI): 0.19 (0.13-0.30); Hispanic OR (95% CI): 0.48 (0.32-0.72)). Respondents with higher income were more likely to report any sunburn (OR (95% CI): 2.58 (1.78-3.76)), but less likely to sunburn frequently (OR (95% CI): 0.26 (0.12-0.56)). Females were less likely to report frequent sunburns than males (OR (95% CI): 0.56 (0.34-0.94)). Engagement in sporting events (P =.04), outdoor events (P=.04), and day-to-day activities (P<.001) during the most recent sunburn was more commonly reported by those with frequent sunburns as compared with those with infrequent sunburns while no difference was found in protective factors or alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS Public health interventions to prevent sunburns should target specific higher risk demographics during time spent outdoors, sporting events, and other day-to-day activities. Further insight into risk and protective behaviors for those who did not burn for comparison could be useful to further guide public health interventions.

scholarly journals Sunburn frequency and risk and protective factors: a cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley A Braun ◽  
Colin H Adler ◽  
Michael Goodman ◽  
Howa Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Adolescent food insecurity: the special case of Marshallese youth in north-west Arkansas, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don E Willis ◽  
Kevin M Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
12Th Grade

AbstractObjective:Food insecurity is not randomly dispersed throughout the population; rather, there are a number of risk and protective factors shaping both the prevalence and severity of food insecurity across households and sociodemographic populations. The present study examines some of these factors and the role that race and ethnicity among adolescent individuals in north-west Arkansas might play, paying specific attention to a subgroup of Pacific Islanders: the Marshallese.Design:The study uses cross-sectional survey data collected from a self-administered questionnaire of 10th–12th grade students.Setting:A city in north-west Arkansas, USA.Participants:The number of enrolled students in the selected high school at the time of the survey was 2148. Ten classrooms (116 students) were unable to participate at the time of the survey, making 2032 students eligible to be surveyed. Approximately 22% refused to participate and 105 students were absent from school, yielding a response rate of approximately 78% (n 1493).Results:Marshallese students had a higher prevalence of food insecurity than all other racial and ethnic groups in the study. After controlling for other sociodemographic, risk and protective factors, their odds of food insecurity remained significantly higher than both non-Hispanic White and Hispanic or Latinx students.Conclusions:Adolescent food insecurity among Marshallese students must be made sense of in relation to structural-level determinants that shape the distribution of vital resources such as food across racial, ethnic and foreign-born lines.

Direct and Interaction Effects of Co-Existing Familial Risk Factors and Protective Factors Associated With Internet Addiction Among Chinese Students in Hong Kong

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anise M. S. Wu ◽  
Joseph T. F. Lau ◽  
Kit-man Cheng ◽  
Rita W. Law ◽  
Vincent W. S. Tse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Internet addiction (IA) is prevalent among adolescents and imposes a serious public health threat. Familial risk and protective factors may co-exist and interact with each other to determine IA. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 9,618 Secondary 1 to 4 students in Hong Kong, China. About 16% of the surveyed students were classified as Internet addicted; nearly one third of them perceived that at least one of their family members had IA (FMIA). We found that FMIA was a risk factor (multivariate odds ratio [OR] = 2.04), and perceived family support was a protective factor (multivariate OR = 0.97) of IA. We also found a significant risk-enhancement moderation effect between these risk and protective factors, that is, the risk effect of FMIA increased with perceived family support. The finding highlights that family-based interventions, which modify familial risk and protective factors, should be effective for adolescent IA, but caution is required about potential risk-enhancement moderations between such factors.

scholarly journals A systematic review of risk and protective factors of mental health in unaccompanied minor refugees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Höhne ◽  
Anna Swantje van der Meer ◽  
Inge Kamp-Becker ◽  
Hanna Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unaccompanied Minor Refugees ◽  
Minor Refugees

Abstract In recent years, there has been a rising interest in the mental health of unaccompanied minor refugees (UMR), who are a high-risk group for mental disorders. Especially the investigation of predictive factors of the mental health of young refugees has received increasing attention. However, there has been no review on this current issue for the specific group of UMR so far. We aimed to summarize and evaluate the existing findings of specific risk and protective factors to identify the most verified influences on the mental health of UMR. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature search. Study designs were limited to quantitative cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. Eight databases were searched in four different languages and article reference lists of relevant papers were screened. 27 studies were included (N = 4753). Qualitative synthesis revealed the number of stressful life events to be the most evaluated and verified risk factor for mental health of UMR. A stable environment and social support, on the other hand, can protect UMR from developing poor mental health. Besides that, several other influencing factors could be pointed out, such as type of accommodation, family contact, gender and cultural competences. Because of the large heterogeneity of outcome measures, quantitative synthesis was not possible. This review helps to improve our understanding of determinants of UMRs mental health and thus to provide more targeted treatment. Furthermore, it provides information on how to prevent the development of mental health problems by specifying factors that can be modified by different health and immigration sectors in advance. Further research is needed focusing on the interaction between the various predictive factors.

scholarly journals Risk and protective factors for burnout among physicians from standardized residency training programs in Shanghai: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Huang ◽  
Jennifer Harsh Caspari ◽  
Xiaoting Sun ◽  
Jessica Thai ◽  
Yaxi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Residency Training ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Medical Residents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Burnout Rate

Abstract Background High burnout has been reported in physician populations. Although the standardized residency training (SRT) in China includes components that might put residents at a higher risk for burnout, the burnout of Chinese medical residents is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout and the associated risk and protective factors for medical residents in the SRT program in Shanghai, China. Methods This study was a prospective cross-sectional design. A random sampling strategy was used to recruit 330 resident physicians from four SRT sites in Shanghai, and 318 completed questionnaires were returned. Respondents completed a self-made questionnaire including demographic and work characteristics, four burnout and wellness-specific surveys. Bivariate analyses and hierarchical multiple regression models were used to analyze factors associated with three sub-scales of burn out separately. Results The overall burnout rate was 71.4%. Low level rate of personal accomplishment (PA) was extremely high at 69.5%. Night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low social support were significant predictors, which explained 49.1% variance of emotional exhaustion (EE) (F = 26.528, P < 0.01). Factors that significantly predicted depersonalization (DP) included male gender, senior residents, night shift experience, high occupational stress, and low psychological empathy, which explained 51.5% variance totally (F = 29.004, P < 0.01). Senior residents, high income, low occupational stress, and high empathy were also significant predictors of decreased personal achievement (PA), which explained 18.4% variance totally (F = 12.897, P < 0.01). Conclusions There was a high burnout rate among SRT residents in Shanghai. Occupational stress and several work-related factors were significant and strong risk factors for burnout, while empathy and social support were mild protective factors. Decreased work-related demands and increased access to resources could assist residents in reducing their work stress and improving their well-being.

scholarly journals Risk and protective factors for post-traumatic stress among New Zealand military personnel: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0231460
Author(s):  
Amy Richardson ◽  
Gagan Gurung ◽  
Ari Samaranayaka ◽  
Dianne Gardner ◽  
Brandon deGraaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic

Mobile Health Program to Reduce Psychological Treatment Gap in Mental Healthcare in Alberta Through Daily Supportive Text Messages – Cross-sectional Survey Evaluating Text4Mood

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S139-S139 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Agyapong ◽  
K. Mrklas ◽  
M. Juhás ◽  
J. Omeje ◽  
A. Ohinmaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Treatment Gap ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundTo complement the oversubscribed counselling services in Alberta, the Text4Mood program which delivers daily supportive text messages to subscribers was launched on the 18th of January, 2016. This report presents an evaluation of self-reports of the impact of the program on the mental wellbeing of subscribers.MethodsAn online link to a survey questionnaire was created by an expert group and delivered via text messages to mobile phones of all 4111 active subscribers of the Text4Mood program as of April 11, 2016.ResultsOverall, 894 subscribers answered the survey (overall response rate 21.7%). The response rate for individual questions varied and is reported alongside the results. Most respondents were female (83%, n = 668), Caucasian (83%, n = 679), and diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder (38%, n = 307), including Depression (25.4%, n = 227) and Anxiety (20%, n = 177). Overall, 52% (n = 461) signed up for Text4Mood to help elevate their mood and 24.5% (n = 219) signed up to help them worry less. Most respondents felt the text messages made them more hopeful about managing issues in their lives (81.7%, n = 588), feel in charge of managing depression and anxiety (76.7%, n = 552), and feel connected to a support system (75.2%, n = 542). The majority of respondents felt Text4Mood improved their overall mental well-being (83.1%, n = 598).ConclusionSupportive text messages are a feasible and acceptable way of delivering adjunctive psychological interventions. Given that text messages are affordable, readily available, and can be delivered to thousands of people simultaneously, they present an opportunity to help close the psychological treatment gap for mental health patients.

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