Visibility of bronchial arteries using virtual and advanced virtual monoenergetic imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 1618-1627
Author(s):  
Takakiyo Nomura ◽  
Tetsu Niwa ◽  
Soji Ozawa ◽  
Yutaka Imai ◽  
Jun Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Bronchial Arteries ◽  
Composite Image ◽  
Subjective Analysis ◽  
Virtual Monoenergetic Imaging ◽  
Ct Attenuation ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Monoenergetic Imaging ◽  
Ct Attenuation Value

Background The utility of virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI) for fine arteries has not been well clarified. Purpose To assess bronchial artery visualization using VMI and noise-optimized advanced VMI (VMI+). Material and Methods Eighty-seven patients with esophageal cancer underwent computed tomography (CT) using a third-generation dual-source system before surgery. Tube voltages were set to 90 kVp and 150 kVp, respectively. Images were reconstructed using VMI and VMI+ with energy levels of 40–120 keV (in 10-keV increments); composite images equivalent to CT images at 105 kVp were also generated. The CT attenuation value and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of bronchial arteries using VMI and VMI+ were compared with those obtained using composite imaging. Two radiologists subjectively analyzed bronchial artery visualization with reference to the composite image. Results CT attenuation values for bronchial arteries using VMI at 40–60 keV and VMI+ at 40 keV and 50 keV were significantly higher than those obtained using composite imaging ( P < 0.05). CNR using VMI at 40–60 keV was significantly higher than that obtained using composite imaging ( P < 0.05), whereas no differences were noted for values obtained using composite imaging between VMI+ at 40 keV and 50 keV. In the subjective analysis, VMI at 40 keV and 50 keV yielded significantly better visibility of bronchial arteries than VMI+ ( P < 0.05). Conclusion VMI and VMI+ at low voltages (40–50 keV) may be useful for bronchial artery visualization. VMI+ may be less effective for fine vessels as bronchial artery visualization.

Optimization of keV-settings in abdominal and lower extremity dual-source dual-energy CT angiography determined with virtual monoenergetic imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. e574-e581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Sudarski ◽  
Paul Apfaltrer ◽  
John W. Nance ◽  
David Schneider ◽  
Mathias Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Virtual Monoenergetic Imaging ◽  
Dual Source ◽  
Monoenergetic Imaging

Computed Tomography (CT) Attenuation Value in Relation with Body Dimension, Gender and Age in Malay population: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Siti Aisyah Munirah Bohang ◽  
Zainul Ibrahim Zainuddin ◽  
Norhanna Suhoimi
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Body Dimension ◽  
Attenuation Value ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Ct Attenuation ◽  
Malay Population ◽  
Ct Attenuation Value

Interaction of CT’s x-ray beams with patient resulted in attenuation process and there are various factors affecting CT attenuation values. The aim of this review is to examine the existed literatures regarding the concept of attenuation in CT and its relationship with body dimension, gender and age in Malay population. Guided by primary question, literature searches were conducted using the established online database; SCOPUS and PubMed. The time frame for literatures was from 2000 to 2019 and only literatures in English language were selected. The size of body dimension has affected the CT attenuation value but it also depending on the type of tissue presence within the region of interest (ROI) such as muscle and fat tissues. Due to larger body framework and higher amount of skeletal muscle mass theoretically males would have higher CT attenuation value than female. CT attenuation value reduces with aging process. Asians including Malay population have smaller body dimension than Caucasians and the mean attenuation value of abdominal region in Asians could differ from 20 HU. Thus, there is a need for future research to investigate the interrelatedness of attenuation in CT (HU) and body dimension within Malay population and close this gap of knowledge. 

scholarly journals A STUDY OF THE RELATION OF PULMONARY AND BRONCHIAL CIRCULATION

1913 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 500-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert A. Ghoreyeb ◽  
Howard T. Karsner
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Intimate Contact ◽  
Bronchial Arteries ◽  
Bronchial Circulation

The most striking point brought out in this study is that as long as a definite pressure is maintained in either the pulmonary or bronchial circulations, the admixture of bloods is extremely limited. It is easily conceivable that more mixture occurs normally than under the conditions of the experiment, but there is no reason for considering this to be a large difference. If, however, in either system the pressure sinks to zero the possibility of supply by the other system becomes evident. It takes much longer for the mass injected through the bronchial arteries to penetrate to all parts of the lung than when the mass is injected through the pulmonary artery; but when accomplished, the injection reaches to all capillaries including those of the pleura, the only vessels remaining uninjected being the larger trunks of the pulmonary artery. On the other hand, the injection of the bronchial vessels by way of the pulmonary arteries is not complete with normal pressure, but occurs rapidly when a high pulmonary pressure is employed. It is therefore probable that either circulation can suffice for the simple nutritive demands of the lung if the other system is interfered with. It has been shown that embolism of the pulmonary artery, without other circulatory disturbance, does not lead to necrosis of the affected area of the lung, but it is probable that the preservation of circulation is not due to collateral bronchial circulation so much as to the free anastomosis and early division into capillaries of the pulmonary artery. In support of this statement is the fact that the appearance is not altered when the bronchials are ligated at their origin. The same ligation shows no subsequent interference with the nutrition of the bronchi up to a period of five weeks, demonstrating that the pulmonary circulation is sufficient to provide for the nutrition of the bronchi. If, however, as Virchow has shown, the pulmonary artery supplying an entire lobe be occluded, the bronchial circulation can and does suffice for the nutrition of the lobe. In the case of the occlusion of a branch of the pulmonary artery the pressure in the area interfered with does not sink to zero because of the collateral circulation in this area; whereas, if the main trunk is occluded no collateral supply is available, the pressure sinks to zero, and the bronchial artery becomes available as a source of blood supply. It must be remembered that the lung tissue, as a whole, has ready access to oxygen and this gas is the nutritive element acquired by the blood in the lungs. From these studies it would appear that the part of the lung tissue not in intimate contact with oxygen in the air is supplied by oxygenated blood of the bronchial arteries, and that the tissues through which the pulmonary blood circulates take up whatever organized nutriment they need from the pulmonary blood and possibly provide for their oxygen and carbon dioxide interchange (which must be very slight) either directly with the alveolar air, or by finding sufficient oxygen in the venous blood of the pulmonary artery. The studies of the injected specimens confirm Küttner's findings of a very rapid breaking up of the pulmonary artery into capillaries. In all the specimens studied it was found that although the pleural vessels can be injected by way of the bronchial arteries when there is zero pressure in the pulmonary arteries, yet when the two sets of vessels are injected simultaneously in the dog, the pleural vessels invariably derive their supply of injection mass from the pulmonary artery.

Control of Tubercular Haemoptysis by Bronchial Artery Embolization

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Mani ◽  
Rajesh Mayekar ◽  
Ravi Rananavare ◽  
Deepti Maniar ◽  
J Mathews Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Bronchial Artery Embolization ◽  
Artery Embolization ◽  
Selective Embolization ◽  
Bronchial Arteries ◽  
Bleeding Vessel ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Abnormal Bleeding ◽  
Recurrent Haemoptysis

Thirty-seven patients presenting with massive or recurrent haemoptysis secondary to tuberculous aetiology were subjected to bronchial artery angiography. Of these, failure to catheterize the bleeding vessel occurred in two patients while embolization was withheld in two patients due to the presence of anterior spinal artery arising from a common intercosto-bronchial trunk. Immediate arrest of bleeding was performed in the remaining 33 patients by selective embolization of the abnormal bronchial arteries with a resorbable material (Gelfoam). Regular follow up for a duration of 6 months after the procedure revealed relapse of haemoptysis in four patients; three were treated by re-embolization of the abnormal bleeding vessels while one patient died due to aspiration immediately on admission. No recurrence of bleeding was seen in the remaining 29 patients. It is concluded that bronchial artery embolization is an effective treatment for immediate control of life-threatening haemoptysis.

scholarly journals EMBOLIZATION OF BRONCHIAL ARTERIES IN ACUTE PULMONARY BLEEDING IN CHILDREN

2015 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Borisova ◽  
I. A. Komissarov ◽  
S. V. Gol’Bits ◽  
M. I. Komissarov ◽  
A. S. Ilyin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Bronchial Arteries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diagnostic Angiography ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
Ischemic Complications ◽  
Pulmonary Bleeding ◽  
Endoscopic Methods

Children with acute pulmonary bleeding (8 cases) due to different pathology of trancheobronchial tree were followed-up at the period from 2008 to 2014. Diagnostic angiography and X-ray endovascular occlusion of bronchial arteries were performed in the case of insufficiency of conservative and endoscopic methods of hemostasis. Microembolic spheres were used for embolization of distal vessels. The embolization coils and micro-coils were applied for occlusion of great vessels. Children (5 cases) were discharged from the hospital after embolization at the terms of 6-12 months. They hadn’t any ischemic complications associated with bronchial artery occlusion. The sequelae of main disease caused deaths of 3 other kids. The X-ray occlusion is a low-invasive and highly effective method of arrest of all types of bleeding from pool of bronchial arteries. The method could be applied even in extremely severe condition of the patients.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITIES OF USING MINIINVASIVE CATHETER TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TREATMENT OF LUNG BLEEDING

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Kateryna Ponomarova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Hemorrhage ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Arteries ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Aim – improve the results of the treatment of patients with pulmonary bleeding through widespread use of endovascular surgery methods for hemostasis. Materials and methods. Method of endovascular embolization of bronchial arteries is widely used in our clinic SI «Zaycev V. T. Institute of General and Emergency surgery of NAMS of Ukraine» not only as independent surgery in patients with LB, but also as way of preparation of patients with lung bleeding for planned thorax surgery. The most of the often spread nosological forms complicated by bleeding in our research were polycystic lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis disease, community-acquired pneumonia. Indications to the сatheter embolization procedure of bronchial arteries are the following: conservative treatment failure, hemoptysis in patients with bilateral inflammatory processes who was not prescribed surgical treatment for a range of reasons, absence of gross structural changes, lung resection, mainly in patients with oncologic lung injury, at massive and life-threatening profuse bleedings as a mean of temporary or constant hemostasis. Discussed treatment method is applied only in bleeding or within a 6 – 12 hour after its treatment. Successful result in embolization can be obtained in 79–99 %. Results. As a result of complete physical examination of patients with LB, it has been established that lung hemorrhage was the result of obstructive bronchitis in 14 patients (42 %), there was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 7 (21 %) patients and bronchiectasis was diagnosed in 6 (18 %) patients. In 2 (6 %) patients pulmonary hemorrhage was caused by community-acquired pneumonia. Central lung cancer was detected in 4 (12 %) patients. Conclusion. Therefore bronchial artery angiography gives high efficiency in solving the problem of hemostasis in oncological and nonspecific lung diseases, for determination of localization and source of bleeding. Endovascular occlusion of bronchial arteries in pulmonary hemorrhage permits: – to elaborate diagnosis because of the presence of specific angiographic signs of malignant tumour; – to perform effective endovascular hemostasis; – to gain time for stabilization the patient with the aim of planned surgical treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document