scholarly journals Remifentanil provides an increased proportion of time under light sedation than fentanyl when combined with dexmedetomidine for mechanical ventilation

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006052110026
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Aoki ◽  
Takuya Niwa ◽  
Yuki Shiko ◽  
Yohei Kawasaki ◽  
Soichiro Mimuro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Sedation Scale ◽  
Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Light Sedation ◽  
Fentanyl Administration ◽  
Fentanyl Group ◽  
Remifentanil Group

Objective To compare the effects of remifentanil versus fentanyl during light sedation with dexmedetomidine in adults receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) in the intensive care unit. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we compared the use of remifentanil versus fentanyl in adults receiving MV with dexmedetomidine sedation. The primary outcome was the proportion of time under light sedation (Richmond Agitation–Sedation Scale score between −1 and 0) during MV. Results We included 94 patients and classified 58 into the remifentanil group and 36 into the fentanyl group. The mean proportion of time under light sedation during MV was 66.6% ± 18.5% in the remifentanil group and 39.9% ± 27.3% in the fentanyl group. In the multivariate analysis with control for confounding factors, patients in the remifentanil group showed a significantly higher proportion of time under light sedation than patients in the fentanyl group (mean difference: 24.3 percentage points; 95% confidence interval: 12.9–35.8). Conclusions Remifentanil use might increase the proportion of time under light sedation in patients receiving MV compared with fentanyl administration.

scholarly journals Targeted Antibiotics for Trachoma: A Cluster-Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S Melo ◽  
Solomon Aragie ◽  
Ambahun Chernet ◽  
Zerihun Tadesse ◽  
Adane Dagnew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Cluster Randomized Trial ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Only Children ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Noninferiority Margin

Abstract Background Current guidelines recommend community-wide mass azithromycin for trachoma, but a targeted treatment strategy could reduce the volume of antibiotics required. Methods In total, 48 Ethiopian communities were randomized to mass, targeted, or delayed azithromycin distributions. In the targeted arm, only children aged 6 months to 5 years with evidence of ocular chlamydia received azithromycin, distributed thrice over the following year. The primary outcome was ocular chlamydia at months 12 and 24, comparing the targeted and delayed arms (0–5 year-olds, superiority analysis) and the targeted and mass azithromycin arms (8–12 year-olds, noninferiority analysis, 10% noninferiority margin). Results At baseline, the mean prevalence of ocular chlamydia in the 3 arms ranged from 7% to 9% among 0–5 year-olds and from 3% to 9% among 8–12 year-olds. Averaged across months 12–24, the mean prevalence of ocular chlamydia among 0–5 year-olds was 16.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.0%–24.4%) in the targeted arm and 22.3% (95% CI: 11.1%–33.6%) in the delayed arm (P = .61). The final mean prevalence of ocular chlamydia among 8–12 year-olds was 13.5% (95% CI: 7.9%–19.1%) in the targeted arm and 5.5% (95% CI: 0.3%–10.7%) in the mass treatment arm (adjusted risk difference 8.5 percentage points [pp] higher in the targeted arm, 95% CI: 0.9 pp–16.1 pp higher). Conclusions Antibiotic treatments targeted to infected preschool children did not result in significantly less ocular chlamydia infections compared with untreated communities and did not meet noninferiority criteria relative to mass azithromycin distributions. Targeted approaches may require treatment of a broader segment of the population in areas with hyperendemic trachoma.

scholarly journals Responsiveness Index versus the RASS-Based Method for Adjusting Sedation in Critically Ill Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Johanna E. Wennervirta ◽  
Mika O. K. Särkelä ◽  
Markus M. Kaila ◽  
Ville Pettilä
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Sedation Scale ◽  
Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale ◽  
Sedation Level ◽  
Intensive Care Patients ◽  
Responsiveness Index ◽  
Larger Sample

Background. Sedation of intensive care patients is needed for patient safety, but deep sedation is associated with adverse outcomes. Frontal electromyogram-based Responsiveness Index (RI) aims to quantify the level of sedation and is scaled 0–100 (low index indicates deep sedation). We compared RI-based sedation to Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale- (RASS-) based sedation. Our hypothesis was that RI-controlled sedation would be associated with increased total time alive without mechanical ventilation at 30 days without an increased number of adverse events. Methods. 32 critically ill adult patients with mechanical ventilation and administration of sedation were randomized to either RI- or RASS-guided sedation. Patients received propofol and oxycodone, if possible. The following standardized sedation protocol was utilized in both groups to achieve the predetermined target sedation level: either RI 40–80 (RI group) or RASS −3 to 0 (RASS group). RI measurement was blinded in the RASS group, and the RI group was blinded to RASS assessments. State Entropy (SE) values were registered in both groups. Results. RI and RASS groups did not differ in total time alive in 30 days without mechanical ventilation ( p = 0.72 ). The incidence of at least one sedation-related adverse event did not differ between the groups. Hypertension was more common in the RI group ( p = 0.01 ). RI group patients were in the target RI level 22% of the time and RASS group patients had 57% of scores within the target RASS level. The RI group spent significantly more time in their target sedation level than the RASS group spent in the corresponding RI level ( p = 0.03 ). No difference was observed between the groups ( p = 0.13 ) in the corresponding analysis for RASS. Propofol and oxycodone were administered at higher RI and SE values and lower RASS values in the RI group than in the RASS group. Conclusion. Further studies with a larger sample size are warranted to scrutinize the optimal RI level during different phases of critical illness.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of therapeutic heparin versus prophylactic heparin on death, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit admission in moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital: RAPID randomised clinical trial

BMJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. n2400
Author(s):  
Michelle Sholzberg ◽  
Grace H Tang ◽  
Hassan Rahhal ◽  
Musaad AlHamzah ◽  
Lisa Baumann Kreuziger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Major Bleeding ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Prophylactic Dose ◽  
Dose Heparin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hospital Wards ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effects of therapeutic heparin compared with prophylactic heparin among moderately ill patients with covid-19 admitted to hospital wards. Design Randomised controlled, adaptive, open label clinical trial. Setting 28 hospitals in Brazil, Canada, Ireland, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, and US. Participants 465 adults admitted to hospital wards with covid-19 and increased D-dimer levels were recruited between 29 May 2020 and 12 April 2021 and were randomly assigned to therapeutic dose heparin (n=228) or prophylactic dose heparin (n=237). Interventions Therapeutic dose or prophylactic dose heparin (low molecular weight or unfractionated heparin), to be continued until hospital discharge, day 28, or death. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was a composite of death, invasive mechanical ventilation, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, or admission to an intensive care unit, assessed up to 28 days. The secondary outcomes included all cause death, the composite of all cause death or any mechanical ventilation, and venous thromboembolism. Safety outcomes included major bleeding. Outcomes were blindly adjudicated. Results The mean age of participants was 60 years; 264 (56.8%) were men and the mean body mass index was 30.3 kg/m 2 . At 28 days, the primary composite outcome had occurred in 37/228 patients (16.2%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and 52/237 (21.9%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (odds ratio 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.43 to 1.10; P=0.12). Deaths occurred in four patients (1.8%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and 18 patients (7.6%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (0.22, 0.07 to 0.65; P=0.006). The composite of all cause death or any mechanical ventilation occurred in 23 patients (10.1%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and 38 (16.0%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (0.59, 0.34 to 1.02; P=0.06). Venous thromboembolism occurred in two patients (0.9%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and six (2.5%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (0.34, 0.07 to 1.71; P=0.19). Major bleeding occurred in two patients (0.9%) assigned to therapeutic heparin and four (1.7%) assigned to prophylactic heparin (0.52, 0.09 to 2.85; P=0.69). Conclusions In moderately ill patients with covid-19 and increased D-dimer levels admitted to hospital wards, therapeutic heparin was not significantly associated with a reduction in the primary outcome but the odds of death at 28 days was decreased. The risk of major bleeding appeared low in this trial. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04362085 .

Association between the frequency of daily tooth brushing and development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Yamamoto ◽  
Takashi Ikeya ◽  
Shuhei Okuyama ◽  
Katsuyuki Fukuda ◽  
Daiki Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Health Checkup ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Mean

Background & Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the frequency of daily tooth brushing and the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted from 2005 to 2012 at the Center for Preventive Medicine at St. Luke's International Hospital, Japan. Data on all participants who underwent a health checkup during the study period were collected. NAFLD was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography, and all participants who were diagnosed with NALFD at the time of their initial visit, consumed alcohol in any amount, or had received only one health checkup were excluded. The questionnaire for the frequency of daily tooth brushing was conducted as part of health checkups. The primary outcome was the risk of developing NAFLD according to the frequency of daily tooth brushing (1-2 times a day, or 3 times a day) compared to those who brush teeth once or less than once a day. Results: Data were collected from 25,804 people. A total of 3,289 (12.7%) participants developed NAFLD. The mean age was 45.2 years, and 6,901 (26.7%) of the participants were male. The risk of developing NAFLD significantly decreased with increased frequency of daily tooth brushing. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) are as follows: Brushing teeth 1-2 times a day (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.77-0.95), and 3 times a day (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.67-0.82). Conclusions: Frequent tooth brushing was shown to significantly reduce the risk of developing NAFLD.　

scholarly journals Impact of comprehensive management on clinical outcomes in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease: HIJ-CREATE sub-study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ogawa ◽  
H Sekiguchi ◽  
K Jujo ◽  
E Kawada-Watanabe ◽  
H Arashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background There are limited data on the effects of blood pressure (BP) control and lipid lowering in secondary prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. We report a secondary analysis of the effects of BP control and lipid management in participants of the HIJ-CREATE, a prospective randomized trial. Methods HIJ-CREATE was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial that compared the effects of candesartan-based therapy with those of non-ARB-based standard therapy on major adverse cardiac events (MACE; a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina, heart failure, stroke, and other cardiovascular events requiring hospitalization) in 2,049 hypertensive patients with angiographically documented CAD. In both groups, titration of antihypertensive agents was performed to reach the target BP of <130/85 mmHg. The primary endpoint was the time to first MACE. Incidence of endpoint events in addition to biochemistry tests and office BP was determined during the scheduled 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60-month visits. Achieved systolic BP and LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C) level were defined as the mean values of these measurements in patients who did not develop MACEs and as the mean values of them prior to MACEs in those who developed MACEs during follow-up. Results During a median follow-up of 4.2 years (follow-up rate of 99.6%), the primary outcome occurred in 304 patients (30.3%). Among HIJ-CREATE participants, 905 (44.2%) were prescribed statins on enrollment. Kaplan–Meier curves for the primary outcome revealed that there was no relationship between statin therapy and MACEs in hypertensive patients with CAD. The original HIJ-CREATE population was divided into 9 groups based on equal tertiles based on mean achieved BP and LDL-C during follow-up. For the analysis of subgroups, estimates of relative risk and the associated 95% CIs were generated with a Cox proportional-hazards model (Figure 1). The relation between LDL cholesterol level and hazard ratios for MACEs was nonlinear, with a significant increase of MACEs only in the patients with inadequate controlled LDL-C level even in the patients with tightly controlled BP. Conclusions The results of the post-hoc analysis of the HIJ-CREATE suggest that clinicians should pay careful attention to conduct comprehensive management of lipid lowering even in the contemporary BP lowering for the secondary prevention in hypertensive patients with CAD. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals LB0001 MAVRILIMUMAB IMPROVES OUTCOMES IN PHASE 2 TRIAL IN NON-MECHANICALLY-VENTILATED PATIENTS WITH SEVERE COVID-19 PNEUMONIA AND SYSTEMIC HYPERINFLAMMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 198.2-199
Author(s):  
L. Pupim ◽  
T. S. Wang ◽  
K. Hudock ◽  
J. Denson ◽  
N. Fourie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Supplemental Oxygen ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Supplemental Oxygen Therapy

Background:Granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine both vital to lung homeostasis and important in regulating inflammation and autoimmunity1,2,3 that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of respiratory failure and death in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and systemic hyperinflammation.4-6 Mavrilimumab is a human anti GM-CSF receptor α monoclonal antibody capable of blocking GM-CSF signaling and downregulating the inflammatory process.Objectives:To evaluate the effect of mavrilimumab on clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and systemic hyperinflammation.Methods:This on-going, global, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled seamless transition Phase 2/3 trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mavrilimumab in adults hospitalized with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and hyperinflammation. The Phase 2 portion comprised two groups: Cohort 1 patients requiring supplemental oxygen therapy without mechanical ventilation (to maintain SpO2 ≥92%) and Cohort 2 patients requiring mechanical ventilation, initiated ≤48 hours before randomization. Here, we report results for Phase 2, Cohort 1: 116 patients with severe COVID- 19 pneumonia and hyperinflammation from USA, Brazil, Chile, Peru, and South Africa; randomized 1:1:1 to receive a single intravenous administration of mavrilimumab (10 or 6 mg/kg) or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was proportion of patients alive and free of mechanical ventilation at Day 29. Secondary endpoints included [1] time to 2-point clinical improvement (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases COVID-19 ordinal scale), [2] time to return to room air, and [3] mortality, all measured through Day 29. The prespecified evidentiary standard was a 2-sided α of 0.2 (not adjusted for multiplicity).Results:Baseline demographics were balanced among the intervention groups; patients were racially diverse (43% non-white), had a mean age of 57 years, and 49% were obese (BMI ≥ 30). All patients received the local standard of care: 96% received corticosteroids (including dexamethasone) and 29% received remdesivir. No differences in outcomes were observed between the 10 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg mavrilimumab arms. Results for these groups are presented together. Mavrilimumab recipients had a reduced requirement for mechanical ventilation and improved survival: at day 29, the proportion of patients alive and free of mechanical ventilation was 12.3 percentage points higher with mavrilimumab (86.7% of patients) than placebo (74.4% of patients) (Primary endpoint; p=0.1224). Mavrilimumab recipients experienced a 65% reduction in the risk of mechanical ventilation or death through Day 29 (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.35; p=0.0175). Day 29 mortality was 12.5 percentage points lower in mavrilimumab recipients (8%) compared to placebo (20.5%) (p=0.0718). Mavrilimumab recipients had a 61% reduction in the risk of death through Day 29 (HR= 0.39; p=0.0726). Adverse events occurred less frequently in mavrilimumab recipients compared to placebo, including secondary infections and thrombotic events (known complications of COVID-19). Thrombotic events occurred only in the placebo arm (5/40 [12.5%]).Conclusion:In a global, diverse population of patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and hyperinflammation receiving supplemental oxygen therapy, corticosteroids, and remdesivir, a single infusion of mavrilimumab reduced progression to mechanical ventilation and improved survival. Results indicate mavrilimumab, a potent inhibitor of GM-CSF signaling, may have added clinical benefit on top of the current standard therapy for COVID-19. Of potential importance is that this treatment strategy is mechanistically independent of the specific virus or viral variant.References:[1]Trapnell, Nat Rev Dis Pri, 2019[2]Wicks, Nat Rev Immunology, 2015[3]Hamilton, Exp Rev Clin Immunol, 2015[4]De Luca, Lancet Rheumatol, 2020[5]Cremer, Lancet Rheumatol, 2021[6]Zhou, Nature, 2020Disclosure of Interests:Lara Pupim Employee of: Kiniksa, Shareholder of: Kiniksa, Tisha S. Wang Consultant of: Partner Therapeutics; steering committee for Kinevant BREATHE clinical trial, Kristin Hudock: None declared, Joshua Denson: None declared, Nyda Fourie: None declared, Luis Hercilla Vasquez: None declared, Kleber Luz: None declared, Mohammad Madjid Grant/research support from: Kiniksa, Kirsten McHarry: None declared, José Francisco Saraiva: None declared, Eduardo Tobar: None declared, Teresa Zhou Employee of: Kiniksa, Shareholder of: Kiniksa, Manoj Samant Employee of: Kiniksa, Shareholder of: Kiniksa, Joseph Pirrello Employee of: Kiniksa, Shareholder of: Kiniksa, Fang Fang Employee of: Kiniksa, Shareholder of: Kiniksa, John F. Paolini Employee of: Kiniksa, Shareholder of: Kiniksa, Arian Pano Employee of: Kiniksa, Shareholder of: Kiniksa, Bruce C. Trapnell: None declared

scholarly journals Characteristics and outcomes in acute patients receiving mechanical ventilation in a Coronary Care Unit (CCU)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rivadeneira Ruiz ◽  
DF Arroyo Monino ◽  
T Seoane Garcia ◽  
MP Ruiz Garcia ◽  
JC Garcia Rubira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Coronary Care Unit ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coronary Care

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Objectives Mechanical ventilation is the short-term technical support most widely used and cardiac arrest its main indication in a Coronary Care Unit (CCU). However, the knowledge about the specific moment and ventilator mode of onset to avoid the acute lung injury is still equivocal. Our objective is to determine the survival rate and the prognostic factors in patients supported by mechanical ventilation. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to the CCU between January 2018 and November 2020 that received mechanical ventilation during the hospital stay. Results We collected 94 patients, 28% females with a median age of 68 ± 11,9. 43% were diabetics and almost one quarter of them had some degree of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Ischemic cardiopathy (33%) and heart failure (31%) were frequent pathologies as well as renal injury (29% patients a filtration rate below 45 mL/min/1,73m2). The reason for initiating mechanical ventilation was cardiac arrest in the half of the patients. Volume-controlled ventilation (73%) was the initial setting mode in most cases. The support with vasoactive drugs were highly necessary in these patients (Infection rate of 48%). In the subgroup analysis, we realized that the number of reintubations and the necessity of non-invasive ventilation were higher in the COPD group (p = 0,01), as well as tracheostomy (p = 0,03). COPD patients also needed higher maintaining PEEP, though this was not statistically significant. The mean length of stay in the intensive care unit of our cohort was 11 days (range: 1-78 days; median: 8 days) and the mean length of mechanical ventilation 6 days (range: 1-64 days; median: 3 days). The in-hospital mortality was 41,4%. Conclusions Cardiac arrest is the most common reason of mechanical ventilation support. Our study showed that COPD patients presented more complications during the weaning and the period after extubation. In-hospital mortality remains high in intubated patients.

Nasal High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation in Preterm Infants with Moderate Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xingwang Zhu ◽  
Zhichun Feng ◽  
Chengjun Liu ◽  
Liping Shi ◽  
Yuan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation ◽  
High Frequency Oscillatory

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To determine whether nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (NHFOV) as a primary mode of respiratory support as compared with nasal continuous airway pressure (NCPAP) will reduce the need for invasive mechanical ventilation in preterm infants (26<sup>0/7</sup>–33<sup>6/7</sup> weeks of gestational age [GA]) with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted in 18 tertiary neonatal intensive care units in China. A total of 302 preterm infants born at a GA of 26<sup>0/7</sup>–33<sup>6/7</sup> weeks with a diagnosis of RDS were randomly assigned to either the NCPAP (<i>n</i> = 150) or the NHFOV (<i>n</i> = 152) group. The primary outcome was the need for invasive mechanical ventilation during the first 7 days after birth. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Treatment failure occurred in 15 of 152 infants (9.9%) in the ­NHFOV group and in 26 of 150 infants (17.3%) in the NCPAP group (95% CI of risk difference: −15.2 to 0.4, <i>p =</i> 0.06). In the subgroup analysis, NHFOV resulted in a significantly lower rate of treatment failure than did NCPAP in the strata of 26<sup>+0/7</sup>–29<sup>+6/7</sup>weeks of GA (11.9 vs. 32.4%, 95% CI of risk difference: −39.3 to −1.7, <i>p =</i> 0.03) and birth weight &#x3c;1,500 g (10.4 vs. 29.6%, 95% CI of risk difference: −33.8 to −4.6, <i>p =</i> 0.01). The rate of thick secretions causing an airway obstruction was higher in the NHFOV group than in the NCPAP group (13.8 vs. 5.3%, 95% CI of risk difference: 1.9–15.1, <i>p =</i> 0.01). No significant differences in other secondary outcomes were found between the NHFOV and NCPAP groups. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> NHFOV was not superior to NCPAP with regard to the primary outcome when applied as the primary respiratory support for RDS in infants between 26<sup>+0/7</sup> and 33<sup>+6/7</sup> weeks of GA. In the subgroup analysis, NHFOV seemed to improve effectiveness than NCPAP in preterm infants &#x3c;30 weeks of GA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document