A Double-Blind Randomized Comparison of the Effect and Tolerance of Varidase® versus Saline when Instilled in the Urinary Bladder in Patients with Catheter Problems

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Necrotic Tissue ◽  
Urinary Catheters ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Blood Clots

Thirty-eight patients with problems with their urinary catheters were randomly treated with Varidase® or normal saline solution once a day for 10 days. Photographs were taken by using a cystoscope before treatment, at day 10 and day 24 after the commencement of treatment. The photographs were evaluated according to the occurrence of pus, debris, coagula and rubor. In the Varidase® group the improvements from baseline to day 10 and day 24 were statistically significant (p < 0·05) in all parameters while there were no statistically significant improvements in the saline group. Comparing the two treatment groups, regarding the changes from baseline to day 10 and day 24, it was statistically demonstrated that Varidase® was significantly more effective than saline in all parameters (p < 0·05). In conclusion, this study shows that Varidase® effectively cleans the urinary bladder from pus, fibrin, necrotic tissue and blood clots.

scholarly journals A comparison of the effect of dexamethasone and pethidine for prevention of shivering after spinal anesthesia in caesarean section: randomization clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 2646-2650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamideh Gholami ◽  
Yousef Moradi ◽  
Zaher Khazaei ◽  
Shahrzad Tehrani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dexamethasone Group ◽  
Postanesthetic Shivering ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Postanesthetic shivering is one of the most common complications and problems after operations. Medications and drugs can be used to prevent postanesthetic shivering. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of Dexamethasone and Pethidine in preventing postanesthetic shivering after spinal anesthesia in Iranian women undergoing caesarean section. Method: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was performed in 66 pregnant women who were referred to Ayatollah Moosavi Hospital in Zanjan, Iran for elective cesarean section, from December 2011 to November 2012. All participants who have ASA I-II were randomly classified into three groups: Dexamethasone receivers (Group A), Pethidine receivers (Group B), and Normal Saline receivers (Group C). Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS16 software. IRCT registration number of this study is IRCT201112198469N1. Conclusion: Although statistically there was no significant difference between the three groups of Dexamethasone, Pethidine and Normal Saline receivers regarding shivering reduction; clinical complication rate in Dexamethasone group was lower comparedto Pethidine and Normal Saline groups. Results: There was no significant difference between three groups regarding shivering reduction. There were 11 (72.5%) trembling cases in Normal Saline group, 6 cases (27.3%) in Dexamethasone group, and 12 cases (54.5%) in Pethidine group.

scholarly journals Effects of prophylactic ketamine and pethidine to control postanesthetic shivering: A comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2898-2903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoum Khoshfetrat ◽  
Ali Rosom Jalali ◽  
Gholamreza Komeili ◽  
Aliakbar Keykha
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Postanesthetic Shivering ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Way Anova

Background: Shivering is an undesirable complication following general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia, whose early control can reduce postoperative metabolic and respiratory complications. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of prophylactic injection of ketamine and pethidine on postoperative shivering. Methods: This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 105 patients with short-term orthopedic and ENT surgery. The patients were randomly divided into three groups; 20 minutes before the end of the surgery, 0.4 mg/kg of pethidine was injected to the first group, 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine was injected to the second group, and normal saline was injected to the third group. After the surgery, the tympanic membrane temperature was measured at 0, 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The shivering was also measured by a four-point grading from zero (no shivering) to four (severe shivering). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, Chi-square and Pearson correlation. Results: The mean age of patients was 35.8+/-11.45 years in the ketamine group, 34.8+/-11.64 years in the normal saline group, and 33.11+/-10.5 years in the pethidine group. The one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in the mean age between the three groups (P=0.645). The incidence and intensity of shivering were significantly higher in the normal saline group than in the ketamine and pethidine groups (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence and the intensity of shivering between the ketamine and the pethidine groups (p=0.936). Conclusion: The results showed that the 0.5 mg/kg of ketamine could control the post-anesthetic shivering.  

scholarly journals Efficacy of Phenylephrine in Preventing Hemodynamic Responses of Oxytocin during Elective Cesarean Section: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (01) ◽  
pp. 048-053
Author(s):  
Medha Mohta ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Rachna Agarwal ◽  
Geetanjali T. Chilkoti ◽  
Sakshi Duggal
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Better Than

AbstractThis study compared hemodynamic changes and occurrence of complications following oxytocin administration with a prior injection of phenylephrine 100 μg or normal saline during elective cesarean section. Sixty-six healthy term parturients with uncomplicated, singleton pregnancy undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were studied. They received either intravenous phenylephrine 100 μg or normal saline before oxytocin 3 IU was administered over 30 seconds. Oxytocin dose was repeated depending on the adequacy of uterine tone. There was no significant change in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures during the initial 3 minutes following oxytocin administration in the phenylephrine group but a significant fall in mean and diastolic pressures in the saline group. Heart rate did not change significantly, and no significant complications occurred in either of the groups. To conclude, phenylephrine 100 μg administered before oxytocin injection maintained hemodynamic parameters better than normal saline injection during elective cesarean section.

Effect of Low Dose Ketamine on Propofol Injection Pain: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sazzad Hossain ◽  
Md Afzalur Rahman ◽  
Syed Ariful Islam ◽  
Sanzida Munira ◽  
Mohammad Iftakhairul Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Injection Pain ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Group I ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedure

Background: Propofol, most frequently used intravenous anesthetic for induction of routine elective surgical procedure. Pain on propofol injection (POPI) still remains a considerable concern for the anesthesiologist. A number of techniques has been tried to minimize propofol-induced pain with variable results. Objective: This study was performed to determine the effect of ketamine on reducing pain on propofol injection (POPI) at the onset of anesthesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 adult healthy patients were selected in this study of either sex, scheduled for routine elective ENT surgery under general anesthesia. The patients enrolled were divided randomly into two groups of 40 patients each. Group I (ketamine group) received 10 mg intravenous ketamine in 10 ml normal saline. Group II (placebo group) received 10 ml of 0.9% intravenous normal saline. Then the patients were induced with propofol and asked to report their pain during injection of propofol and recorded according to the Mc Cririck and Hunter scale. Results: The incidence of pain experienced in ketamine group was 10% patients and in saline group was 60% patients, which is statistically significant p<0.05. The severity of POPI was also lower in ketamine group than the saline group (p<0.05). The incidence of mild and moderate pain in ketamine group versus saline group was 7.5% versus 45% and 2.5% versus 15% respectively p<0.05. There was no severe pain recorded in any groups. Conclusion:Intravenous ketamine in low dose before induction of general anesthesia can be effective medication in reducing pain on propofol injection. KYAMC Journal Vol. 11, No.-2, July 2020, Page 96-99

scholarly journals Alfentanil for Short Duration Laparoscopic Procedures

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
K. S. Lee ◽  
G. J. Purcell ◽  
B. R. Rae ◽  
B. White
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Normal Saline Group ◽  
Analgesic Agent ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cardiovascular Depression ◽  
Low Dosage

Alfentanil in low dosage (8 μg kg−1) as an analgesic agent for short duration surgery was evaluated. Forty-one women undergoing laparoscopy received double-blind either alfentanil 8 μg kg−1 or normal saline at induction, and all received thiopentone, alcuronium, enflurane, nitrous oxide and oxygen. The fall in mean arterial pressure (MAP) with induction was similar between groups. The MAP following intubation with alfentanil was unchanged, while with normal saline a mean rise of 23 (SD 15.2) mmHg occurred (P<0.001). The pulse rate following intubation showed a smaller rise (P<0.001) with alfentanil of 26 (SD 14.6) beats min−1, than the normal saline group of 46 (SD 13.3) beats min−1. Alfentanil was found to be a safe and effective analgesic agent in short duration surgery, by reducing sympathetic responses to intubation without cardiovascular depression or compromise of postoperative recovery.

Postoperative Effects of Continuous Dexmedetomidine Infusion During Gynecological Laparoscopy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Single Center Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SiYuan Liu ◽  
Binbin Wang ◽  
Yongtao Gao ◽  
Xingguo Xu
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Gynecological Laparoscopy ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Group D

Abstract Background: Dexmedetomidine(DEX) has proven to be an effective adjuvant to anesthetics owing to its sympatholytic, analgesic, and sedative properties. This study was designed to investigate the postoperative effects of continuous DEX infusion during gynecological laparoscopy and to evaluate the safety of this treatment. Methods: Sixty patients undergoing selective gynecological laparoscopy with general anesthesia were randomly assigned into DEX group (group D )and normal saline group (group N). DEX was infused at 0.5ug/kg/h during anesthesia maintenance in group D while normal saline was infused at the same rate in group N. The primary outcome measures were heart rate and blood pressure at extubation, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after operation, NRS scores at 1, 2, 3 ,4, ,8,12,24 hours after surgery and OAA/S scores after extubation. The secondary outcome measures were time to extubation, propofol and remifentanil dosage during anesthesia, postoperative adverse events, and postoperative hospital stay.Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were lower in group D at extubation when compared with group N (P<0.05), but not different at the first postoperative hour or after. HR was lower both at extubation and the first postoperative hour in group D (P<0.05). NRS scores were lower in patients given DEX both at rest and movement at the first postoperative hour (P<0.05). Time to extubation and OAA/S scores after extubation were not different between groups. Postoperative respiratory depression, shivering and pruritus didn’t occur in this research. There were no significant differences in the incidence rate of postoperative adverse events or postoperative hospital stay between the groups.Conclusions: Continuous infusion of DEX during gynecological laparoscopy provided better hemodynamic stability at extubation and the effects on HR continued until 1 hour after operation. DEX administration was associated with lower NRS scores at the first postoperative hour without excessive sedation. DEX is a useful and safe adjuvant for general anesthesia during gynecological laparoscopy.

scholarly journals PROPOFOL INDUCED PAIN;

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
ABDUL HAMEED CHOHEDR ◽  
M. MASJEDI ◽  
M. SEYEDI
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Lidocaine Group ◽  
Hospital Department ◽  
Blinded Observer ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Propofol causes pain on injection in 28% - 90% ofpatients. A number of techniques have been tried for minimizing propofol-induced pain with variable results.Objectives:To compare the use of premixed lidocaine-propofol with metoclopramide pretreatment for the reduction of pain duringinjection of propofol in adult patients. Design: A prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.Setting: Shiraz University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Shiraz, Iran. Period: From Jan 2007 to Dec 2007.Materials & Methods: 202 subjects (ASA I-II) scheduled for elective operations under general anesthesia wereallocated into three groups and treated as follows: Group A: 20 ml propofol mixed with 20mg lidocaine %1 following 2mlnormal saline; Group B: 20 ml propofol mixed with 2ml normal saline following 5 mg metoclopramide; Group C (controlgroup): 20 ml propofol mixed with 2 ml normal saline following 2 ml normal saline. Pain intensity was graded by a single,blinded observer and recorded as either severe, moderate, mild or no pain according to the response of the patientsto the injection. Results: The incidence of pain was 72% in placebo group compared to 58.7% in the metoclopramideand 28.8% in the lidocaine group. Conclusion: Propofol-lidocaine admixture is more effective than metoclopramidepre treatment in decreasing the pain of propofol injection.

Neuroprotective effect of reduced glutathione on cisplatin-based chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Cascinu ◽  
L Cordella ◽  
E Del Ferro ◽  
M Fronzoni ◽  
G Catalano
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Advanced Gastric Cancer ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

PURPOSE We performed a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of glutathione (GSH) in the prevention of cisplatin (CDDP)-induced neurotoxicity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with a weekly CDDP-based regimen were included in this study. In patients randomized to receive GSH, GSH was given at a dose of 1.5 g/m2 in 100 mL of normal saline solution over a 15-minute period immediately before CDDP administration, and at a dose of 600 mg by intramuscular injection on days 2 to 5. Normal saline solution was administered to placebo-randomized patients. Clinical neurologic evaluation and electrophysiologic investigations have been performed at baseline and after 9 (CDDP dose, 360 mg/m2) and 15 (CDDP dose, 600 mg/m2) weeks of treatment. RESULTS At the 9th week, no patients showed clinically evident neuropathy in the GSH arm, whereas 16 patients in the placebo arm did. After the 15th week, four of 24 assessable patients in the GSH arm suffered from neurotoxicity versus 16 of 18 in the placebo arm (P = .0001). In confirmation of this neuroprotective effect, the neurophisiologic investigations, based on the evaluation of the median, ulnar, and sural sensory nerve conduction, showed a statistically significant reduction of these values in the placebo arm but not in the GSH arm, above all considering potential amplitude. In this trial, GSH also reduced hemotransfusion requirements (32 v 62 hemotransfusions) and treatment delay (55 v 94 weeks). The response rate was 76% (20% complete response) in the GSH group and 52% (12% complete response) in the placebo arm, confirming preliminary reports about the lack of reduction in activity of cytotoxic drugs induced by GSH. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that GSH is a promising and effective new drug for the prevention of CDDP-induced neuropathy, and that it does not reduce the clinical activity of chemotherapeutic drugs.

Benzodiazepine Premedication 

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 740-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet M. van Vlymen ◽  
Monica M. Sa Rego ◽  
Paul F. White
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Breast Biopsy ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Needle Localization ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
To Receive

Background Women awaiting needle-guided breast biopsy procedures may experience high anxiety levels. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to evaluate the ability of midazolam and diazepam (in a lipid emulsion [Dizac]) to improve patient comfort during needle localization and breast biopsy procedures. Methods Ninety women received two consecutive doses of a study medication, one before the mammographic needle localization and a second before entering the operating room. Patients were assigned randomly to receive saline, 2.0 ml intravenously, at the two time points; midazolam, 1.0 mg intravenously and 2.0 mg intravenously; or diazepam emulsion, 2.0 mg intravenously and 5.0 mg intravenously, respectively. Patients assessed their anxiety levels before the needle localization, before entering the operating room, and on arrival in the operating room. Patients completed a questionnaire evaluating their perioperative experience at the time of discharge. Results Patient satisfaction during needle localization was significantly improved in both benzodiazepine treatment groups (vs. saline). The incidence of moderate-to-severe discomfort during needle localization was lower in the midazolam (20%) and diazepam emulsion (6%) groups compared with the saline group (70%) (P&lt;0.05). The preoperative visual analogue scale anxiety scores were similar in all three groups. In the operating room, however, anxiety scores were 55% and 68% lower after midazolam (21+/-19) and diazepam emulsion (15+/-14) compared with saline (46+/-28). Finally, there was no difference in the time to achieve home-readiness or actual discharge time among the three groups. Conclusions Premedication with midazolam or diazepam emulsion improved patients' comfort during needle localization procedures and significantly reduced intraoperative anxiety levels before breast biopsy procedures without prolonging discharge times. Use of diazepam emulsion may be an effective alternative to midazolam in this population.

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