The relationship between uses of music, musical taste, age, and life goals

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573562091524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian North ◽  
Emily Hird
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Life Goals ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Musical Taste ◽  
Short Test ◽  
The Relationship

Musical taste and uses of music correlate with age, although there has been little theoretical explanation of these relationships. The present research argues that musical behavior may be explained by chronological age and variations in life goals across the lifespan, and investigated the relationship between life goals, age, musical taste, and uses of music using an exploratory mixed-methods approach. In Phase 1, thematic analysis of responses from 27 adults aged 65+ years allowed development of an improved “Uses of Music” questionnaire for use with adults of all ages. In Phase 2, 799 Australian adults aged 18–81 years completed three questionnaires, namely Uses of Music (amended), Short Test of Music Preference—Revised, and the GOALS Importance Subscale. Chronological age correlated with life goals; and chronological age, life goals, and musical taste predicted using music for each of social reasons, mood regulation, reminiscence, and activities. Future research on music should not regard age as simply a chronological variable, and instead acknowledge that it implies several life goals which themselves relate to musical taste and uses of music in different ways.

Perception and success rate of using advanced airway management by hospital-based paramedics in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Amani Alenazi ◽  
Bashayr Alotaibi ◽  
Najla Saleh ◽  
Abdullah Alshibani ◽  
Meshal Alharbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Supraglottic Airway ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Advanced Airway ◽  
Supraglottic Airway Devices

Objective: The study aimed to measure the success rate of pre-hospital tracheal intubation (TI) and supraglottic airway devices (SADs) performed by paramedics for adult patients and to assess the perception of paramedics of advanced airway management.Method: The study consisted of two phases: phase 1 was a retrospective analysis to assess the TI and SADs’ success rates when applied by paramedics for adult patients aged >14 years from 2012 to 2017, and phase 2 was a distributed questionnaire to assess paramedics’ perception of advanced airway management.Result: In phase 1, 24 patients met our inclusion criteria. Sixteen (67%) patients had TI, of whom five had failed TI but then were successfully managed using SADs. The TI success rate was 69% from the first two attempts compared to SADs (100% from first attempt). In phase 2, 63/90 (70%) paramedics responded to the questionnaire, of whom 60 (95%) completed it. Forty-eight (80%) paramedics classified themselves to be moderately or very competent with advanced airway management. However, most of them (80%) performed only 1‐5 TIs or SADs a year.Conclusion: Hospital-based paramedics (i.e. paramedics who are working at hospitals and not in the ambulance service, and who mostly respond to small restricted areas in Saudi Arabia) handled few patients requiring advanced airway management and had a higher competency level with SADs than with TI. The study findings could be impacted by the low sample size. Future research is needed on the success rate and impact on outcomes of using pre-hospital advanced airway management, and on the challenges of mechanical ventilation use during interfacility transfer.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL ELEMENTS OF DIRECT POINTS WITH REGARD TO THE QUALIFICATIONS FOR THE 2018 VOLLEYBALL WOMEN’S WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP

2020 ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Zoran Momčilović ◽  
Srđan Marković ◽  
Aleksandar Vićentijević ◽  
Goran Nešić ◽  
Dragana Bogavac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Winning Team ◽  
Survey Sample ◽  
Game Elements ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Women's Volleyball

The goal of this paper is to analyse the relationships and differences among volleyball teams, participants of the 2018 World Cup in Japan, divided into three categories by their final standings (1st to 4th place, 5th to 8th place and others), based on the elements of situation-based efficiency. For the purposes of this paper, information from the official match reports (p 2 report) related to the way of winning points in the match was used, and these data were analysed using the program Volleyball Information System (VIS). The data obtained were analysed in relation to the team category and the outcome of the match. The data were obtained using descriptive and comparative statistical procedures. The survey sample includes all the women’s volleyball championship games played in Japan in 2018. Based on the final standings, the teams were divided into three groups: 1) the teams who reached the 3rd stage of the tournament (6 teams, from 1st to 6th place); 2) the teams that finished the competition in phase 2 (10 national teams, ranking 7th to 16th); 3) national teams that finished the competition in phase 1 (8 national teams, ranking 17th to 24th). The results obtained indicate that the teams had an equally good performance of the block and serve game elements; statistically these were not significant for the match outcome, but they rather serve as an aid for the overall game and for the final outcome of the match. The results of this research also highlight the spike as the key element affecting the positive end result of the match. It is important to emphasize that the opponent errors are a factor that depends exclusively on the opponent, but they also determine the overall score of the winning team.

A Tale of Two Variables: A Review of the Intellectual Consequences of Sibship Size and Birth Order

1985 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lala Carr Steelman
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sibship Size ◽  
Academic Abilities ◽  
Confluence Model ◽  
Academic Consequences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper critiques the literature on the relationship between sibling structure and academic abilities and achievement since Cicirelli’s (1978) earlier commentary on this topic. Assessed is the extent to which the confluence model, a theoretical explanation of the influence of sibling structure, fits the empirical observations made recently on the association between sibship structure and intellectual development. Since the studies reviewed in general tend to refute the confluence model, alternative interpretations of the impact of sibling structure on academic consequences are presented. Implications for future research are also provided.

Improvement in Overground Walking After Treadmill-Based Gait Training in a Child With Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gena Henderson ◽  
Matthew Beerse ◽  
Huaqing Liang ◽  
Diego Ferreira ◽  
Jianhua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Overground Walking ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽  
Pediatric Populations

Abstract Background Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a rare congenital brain defect that produces a wide variety of cognitive and motor impairments. Literature regarding the response of pediatric populations with ACC to physical rehabilitation is scarce. Treadmill-based gait training (TT) has been shown to improve walking ability in some pediatric populations but has not been investigated in children with ACC. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a novel treadmill intervention paradigm on the gait parameters of a child with ACC. Design A single-participant design with 2 phases was used. Methods The settings were the participant’s home and the laboratory. The participant was a 13-year-old girl who had ACC and cortical visual impairment and who ambulated independently using a reverse walker for household and short community distances. A home-based TT intervention (2 phases of 3 months of training over 6 months) was implemented, and a laboratory-based gait analysis was conducted at 4 time points: baseline, after each of the 2 training phases, and 3 months after the cessation of training. The intervention consisted of weekly bouts of TT. Phase 1 incorporated forward, backward, and incline walking for 15 minutes each; in phase 2, this protocol was continued, but short-burst interval training for 10 minutes was added. Data collected at each laboratory visit included spatiotemporal parameters and kinematics (joint angles) during overground and treadmill walking. Results After both phases of training, increased step length, decreased step width, and foot progression angle and decreased variability of most spatiotemporal parameters were observed for the participant. Further, after phase 2, increased peak extension at the hip, knee, and ankle, decreased crouched gait, and improved minimum foot clearance during overground walking were observed. Most gait improvements were retained for 3 months after the cessation of the intervention. Limitations The small sample size of this study and wide variety of presentations within individuals with ACC limit the generalizability of our findings. Conclusions TT may be a safe and effective treatment paradigm for children with ACC. Future research should investigate the effect of intervention dosage on gait improvements and generalization in individuals with ACC.

scholarly journals 66 Effects of level of protein supplementation on intake of wheat straw and drinking water varying in salinity by Boer and Spanish goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 74-74
Author(s):  
Chala Merera ◽  
Abdelhafid Keli ◽  
Ryszard Puchala ◽  
Adaven Scronce ◽  
Luana P Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Supplemental Protein ◽  
Water Treatments

Abstract The effect of level of supplemental protein on intake of wheat straw by yearling meat goats drinking saline water was determined. Eighteen Boer and 18 Spanish wethers (initial BW 37.5±0.97 and 34.0±0.41 kg, respectively) consumed straw ad libitum supplemented with soybean meal DM at 0.14 or 0.28% BW (LP and HP, respectively) during 2 4-wk phases. Phase-1 water treatments were fresh water [FW; 233 ppm total dissolved salts (TDS)] and FW with 10,000 and 15,000 ppm TDS added via NaCl (MS and HS, respectively). The added TDS level for HS was 20,000 ppm in phase 2. In the preceding 8 wk, MS- and HS-wethers consumed water with 5,000 and 10,000 ppm TDS, respectively. There were no interactions between supplement and water treatments in water or DMI in the last 2 wk of phases. In phase 1, water intake varied among water treatments (1,075, 1,080, and 1,362 g/d; SEM=74.9) but was not influenced by supplement treatment (1,150 and 1,195 g/d; SEM=61.1), and DMI was similar for both water (603, 598, and 640 g/d for FW, MS, and HS, respectively; SEM=30.0) and supplement treatments (627 and 600 g/d for LP and HP, respectively; SEM=24.5). In phase 2, there was a breed×water treatment interaction (P = 0.039) in water intake (1,038, 1,178, and 1,907 for Boer and 744, 1,029, and 1,340 g/d for Spanish consuming FW, MS, and HS, respectively; SEM=77.7). However, straw intake was not influenced by water (717, 736, and 759 g/d for FW, MS, and HS, respectively; SEM=36.4) or supplement treatment (732 and 743 g/d for LP and HP, respectively; SEM=29.7). In conclusion, with relatively high levels of TDS in drinking water achieved by NaCl addition, a high level of supplemental protein did not enhance intake of wheat straw. However, future research should address other types of saline water.

A Survey Study of Spiritual Change and Related Factors Among the Surviving Loved Ones of Homicide Victims

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052090555
Author(s):  
Shannon Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Perceived Justice ◽  
Spiritual Change ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

A survey study was conducted as the second phase of a sequential mixed-methods study of spiritual change after the homicide of a loved one. The purpose of the study was to test the Theory of Post-Homicide Spiritual Change (Theory of PHSC), which emerged in Phase 1 of the larger study. The formulation of survey research questions and hypotheses was guided by the emerging theory. Data were collected online using Qualtrics. Respondents ( N = 112) completed a demographic and background questionnaire that was devised for the study based on a review of important factors in homicidal bereavement. They also responded to established measures, including a modified version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, the Integration of Stressful Life Experiences Scale (ISLES), and the Perceived Justice Scale. The ISLES was comprised of two subscales—Comprehensibility and Footing in the World. Significant findings revealed that posttraumatic growth (PTG) was higher among those for whom 3 or more years had passed since the murder, as compared with those for whom fewer than 3 years had passed. The age of the victim was positively correlated with integration of loss. Christian respondents reported higher levels of integration of loss and PTG, as compared with non-Christian respondents. Integration of loss was a mediator of the relationship between perceived justice and integration of loss, while footing in the world was a mediator of the relationship between comprehensibility and PTG. Contrary to hypotheses, integration of loss did not differ by time since murder. This finding is interpreted in terms of the limitations of the study sample and in terms of future research directions in this area. The results of this study yield important insight into spiritual change and related factors that can be used to guide service provision with the homicide survivor population.

scholarly journals The first research agenda for the chiropractic profession in Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney M Rubinstein ◽  
Jenni Bolton ◽  
Alexandra L Webb ◽  
Jan Hartvigsen
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Chiropractic Profession ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Research involving chiropractors is evolving and expanding in Europe while resources are limited. Therefore, we considered it timely to initiate a research agenda for the chiropractic profession in Europe. The aim was to identify and suggest priorities for future research in order to best channel the available resources and facilitate advancement of the profession. Methods In total, 60 academics and clinicians working in a chiropractic setting, and who had attended any of the annual European Chiropractors’ Union/European Academy of Chiropractic (ECU/EAC) Researchers’ Day meetings since their inception in 2008, were invited to participate. Data collection consisted of the following phases: phase 1 identification of themes; phase 2 consensus, which employed a Delphi process and allowed us to distill the list of research priorities; and phase 3 presentation of the results during both the Researchers’ Day and a plenary session of the annual ECU Convention in May 2013. In addition, results were distributed to all ECU member countries. Results The response rate was 42% from phase 1 and 68% from phase 2. In general, participants were middle-aged, male and had been awarded a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) as well as chiropractic degree. Approximately equal numbers of participants had obtained their chiropractic degree from the UK/Europe and North America. The majority of participants worked primarily in an academic/research environment and approximately half worked in an independent institution. In total, 58% of the participants were from the UK and Denmark, collectively representing 44% of the chiropractors working in Europe. In total, 70 research priorities were identified, of which 19 reached consensus as priorities for future research. The following three items were thought to be most important: 1) cost-effectiveness/economic evaluations, 2) identification of subgroups likely to respond to treatment, and 3) initiation and promotion of collaborative research activities. Conclusions This is the first formal and systematic attempt to develop a research agenda for the chiropractic profession in Europe. Future discussion and study is necessary to determine whether the themes identified in this survey should be broadly implemented.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Subjective Age, Health Status, and Advance Care Planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 420-420
Author(s):  
Ilana Engel ◽  
Tamara Baker
Keyword(s):  
Advance Care Planning ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Living Will ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Advance Care ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Current data show that how old a person feels, or subjective age (SA), may be associated with improved well-being and functioning, less cognitive impairment, and longer life. Yet, the relationship between SA and advance care planning (ACP) has yet to be examined. This is all the more important when determining the role SA has in end-of-life decision-making. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (Wave 13, 2016), this study aimed to examine whether SA is associated with having a living will (LW), having a LW with life-limiting care, and having assigned a durable power of attorney. The sample included 3,165 participants 51+ years of age (mean age = 65.67; SD = 11.79). Analyses were conducted assessing the predictive value identified social, behavioral, and health factors have for ACP. Results from binomial logistic regression analyses indicated that participants who endorsed feeling older than their chronological age were similarly likely to have engaged in ACP as those who felt younger. As demonstrated previously, older chronological age was significantly associated with higher utilization of ACP (ps < .05). Those with cancer and women were significantly more likely to have a LW (ps <.05). The present study did not find evidence to support a significant relationship between SA and ACP. Lower overall engagement with ACP and treatment for specific conditions, such as cancer, may be more influential in determining who utilizes ACP. Future research should explore how SA may serve as a protective factor and/or a psychological mechanism that influences engagement in ACP.

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