Characterisation and Approval of FKM Polymers and Compounds with RPA – an Initial Experience Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
J. Guntrum ◽  
G. Dinu-Biringer ◽  
T. Weber ◽  
J. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
High Strain ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Normal Test ◽  
Mooney Viscosity ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

For decades, measurement of the Mooney viscosity has been used for testing the viscosity of raw polymers and mixed stocks. The Mooney viscometer is commonly used on the shop floor alongside the rheometer. The relevance of the Mooney test for the processing of rubber compounds is limited and the use of a rubber process analyser (RPA) is a suitable alternative. The instrument is robust, easy to handle and therefore perfectly suitable for day-to-day use on the shop floor. High accuracy and repeatability of the measurement are further advantages. This article describes initial experiences with testing FKM raw polymers and compounds based on frequency and strain sweeps. Tests under high strain in particular demonstrate significant differences between polymers, which are not seen under normal test conditions (small amplitudes). In this way, rubber compounders and processors receive considerably more information about the viscoelastic properties of the raw polymers used and the compounds produced from them.

Influence of filler-rubber interactions on the viscoelastic properties of carbon-black-filled rubber compounds

2003 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 577-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Léopoldès ◽  
C. Barrès ◽  
J. L. Leblanc ◽  
P. Georget
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Filled Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compounds

Development of fully automated quantitative capillary electrophoresis with high accuracy and repeatability

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Bang-zan Ling ◽  
Wen-jun Zhu ◽  
Dong Yao ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

Mooney Viscosity Stability and Polymer Filler Interactions in Silica Filled Rubbers

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchy Lin ◽  
William L. Hergenrother ◽  
Ashley S. Hilton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Ester ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Unsaturated Rubber ◽  
Polymer Filler ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Filled Rubbers ◽  
Mooney Viscosity ◽  
Sugar Fatty Acid Ester ◽  
Viscosity Stability

Abstract The change in Mooney viscosity (ML1+4) with aging was followed for silica filled compounds containing various silanes and polar additives. Several mechanisms for the aging stability are postulated and evaluated through experimentation. The type of silane or polar additive used can cause the ML1+4 to increase or even decrease during aging. When bis(triethoxy silanes) are used in silica filled rubbers, the ML1+4 growth during aging is caused by hydrolysis. Silica-silica bridging was found to be responsible for the ML1+4 growth in rubber compounds containing a more thermally stable polysulfide or a sulfur-free bis(triethoxy silane). When the bis(triethoxy silane) is bis(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT), a fraction of TESPT is attached to the unsaturated rubber to give polymer-silica attachments. These attachments further enhance the hydrolytic ML1+4 increase during aging. Chemical coating of the silica with a monofunctional silane or a physical coating with a trialkyl amine compound effectively stops the ML1+4 increase upon aging. The prevention of ML1+4 growth is so efficient that a reduction in the ML1+4 can be realized by absorption of ambient moisture. The extent of ML1+4 reduction caused by moisture depends on the degree of hydrophobation of the coated silicas. Hydrolytic stability was also studied with an amine or a sugar fatty acid ester that formed either strong or weak polar associations to the silica.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF RUBBER PROPERTIES ON SLIDING FRICTION IN DRY CONTACT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Bulk Temperature ◽  
Master Curves ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Friction Measurements

This study is devoted to experimental research of rubber friction in sliding contact with rough surface. Influence of pressure, bulk temperature and sliding velocity on friction coefficient in dry conditions is analysed for two rubber compounds with different viscoelastic properties. Grosch method of master curves construction is used for analysing of friction measurements. Such analysis is performed for different temperatures and velocities at constant normal load. The obtained friction master curves are combined into a single friction map. The friction maps demonstrate the influence of viscoelastic properties of rubber on friction coefficient in dry rough contact. Also friction maps show the influence of adhesion and hysteresis contributions into friction coefficient for different rubber compounds.

scholarly journals Functional Design of a 6-DOF Platform for Micro-Positioning

Robotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Matteo-Claudio Palpacelli ◽  
Luca Carbonari ◽  
Giacomo Palmieri ◽  
Fabio D’Anca ◽  
Ettore Landini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Model ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Functional Design ◽  
Spatial Motion ◽  
Precise Positioning ◽  
Singular Configurations ◽  
Physical Prototype ◽  
Parallel Kinematic ◽  
Parallel Platform ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

Parallel kinematic machines (PKMs) have demonstrated their potential in many applications when high stiffness and accuracy are needed, even at micro- and nanoscales. The present paper is focused on the functional design of a parallel platform providing high accuracy and repeatability in full spatial motion. The hexaglide architecture with 6-PSS kinematics was demonstrated as the best solution according to the specifications provided by an important Italian company active in the field of micro-positioning, particularly in vacuum applications. All the steps needed to prove the applicability of such kinematics at the microscale and their inherent advantages are presented. First, the kinematic model of the manipulator based on the study’s parametrization is provided. A global conditioning index (GCI) is proposed in order to optimize the kinetostatic performance of the robot, so that precise positioning in the required platform workspace is guaranteed avoiding singular configurations. Some numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the study. Finally, some details about the realization of a physical prototype are given.

Automatic Test System for the Basic Properties of Solar Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Jia Jia Tu ◽  
Guo Wei Liang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Test System ◽  
Automatic Test System ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

A solar cells test system that can be used in the natural environment is designed, which can complete a variety of test experiments on different types of solar cells under different environmental conditions. In the testing process, the basic properties of solar cells are given and recorded in real time. Since installed and operated, the system works stable. Experimental results show that the test system has high accuracy and repeatability, and in line with the requirements of solar cells testing.

Friction on Wet Surfaces of Tire-Tread-Type Vulcanizates

1964 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 878-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Sabey ◽  
G. N. Lupton
Keyword(s):  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
The Road ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Abstract A laboratory investigation has been made into the variation with temperature of the hardness and resilience of a wide variety of rubber compounds of the tire tread type. The effect of hardness and resilience on the fractional properties of the compounds under wet conditions has also been studied. In the first series of tests the resilience and hardness of 25 compounds were measured over a temperature range 0° to 80° C. All were vulcanized tire tread type compounds, and the basic materials used comprised 14 natural rubbers, 7 styrene/butadiene (SBR) rubbers, 2 butyl, 1 polybutadiene, and 1 ethylene/propylene. The tests showed a marked increase in resilience with increasing temperature for all compounds except the polybutadiene; the hardness of all compounds changed very little with temperature, only a slight decrease being observed over the whole temperature rise. Nine compounds of representative resilience and hardness were selected for a second series of tests in which friction was measured over a temperature range 1° to 40° C on seven surfaces representing roads of different textures. For eight of the compounds, friction values decreased with increase in temperature; for the other compound the friction increased to a maximum value at 30° C. These changes in friction cannot be explained by changes in hardness of the compounds, but they are in accordance with resilience changes, taking into account the different test conditions obtaining in the friction and resilience tests. The friction tests also showed that with the portable skid-resistance tester used to measure friction the sharpness of the projections in the road surface is more important than their size in determining the friction values under wet conditions, even when rubber compounds of low resilience are used. The implications of the findings and their application to the study of friction between tire and road are discussed. In particular, they have a bearing on the correct interpretation of resilience measurements of tire tread materials in relation to friction values under wet conditions.

Viscoelastic properties of fly ash-filled natural rubber compounds: Effect of fly ash loading

2009 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 2552-2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanunya Saowapark ◽  
Narongrit Sombatsompop ◽  
Chakrit Sirisinha
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Rubber Compounds
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