An Introduction to the Selection of Outcome Measures

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Corr ◽  
Leonie Siddons
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Selection Of

This paper introduces the key issues that occupational therapists need to cover when selecting outcome measures for their workplace. It indicates the properties required for a standardised tool and describes how data are usually collected and analysed. Consideration is given to the advantages and disadvantages of using a standardised tool to measure the outcome of occupational therapy.

Doing Occupational Justice: A Central Dimension of Everyday Occupational Therapy Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-152
Author(s):  
Antoine L. Bailliard ◽  
Aaron R. Dallman ◽  
Amanda Carroll ◽  
Ben D. Lee ◽  
Susan Szendrey
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Everyday Practice ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Occupational Science ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Occupational Justice

Background. The Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists (CAOT) and the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) state that occupational justice is part of the domain of occupational therapy and that occupational justice is “an aspect of contexts and environments and an outcome of intervention” (AOTA, 2014, p. S9). Key Issues. Despite the increasing focus on justice in the occupational therapy and the occupational science literature, many practitioners in traditional settings do not see its relevance to their everyday practice (Galvin, Wilding, & Whiteford, 2011) or have difficulty envisioning how to enact a justice-informed practice. Purpose. This paper demonstrates how occupational justice is germane to all settings of occupational therapy, and how it can be enacted at micro, meso, and macro levels of occupational therapy practice. Implications. We argue that occupational therapy is a justice-oriented profession at its core and will discuss how occupational justice can be enacted at all levels of practice.

Including the Consumer and Environment in Occupational Therapy Treatment Planning

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catana Brown ◽  
Robin E. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Practice Models ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Interest Section ◽  
Therapy Treatment ◽  
Selection Of

This study was designed to examine the extent to which occupational therapists include the consumer and the environment in treatment planning. Twenty-nine registered occupational therapists who subscribe to the Mental Health Specialty Interest Section or the Physical Disabilities Specialty Interest Section completed treatment plans based on a single case study. The treatment plans were analyzed based on goal setting and treatment activities. Data indicated therapists frequently identified goals not addressed by the consumer and demonstrated limited consideration of the context in the selection of treatment activities. Therapists identified as many short-term goals not related to the consumer's stated goal as they identified goals that were related to the consumer's goal. T-test comparisons indicated that therapists significantly more often selected simulated over real activities and activities aimed at changing the person over activities aimed at changing the environment. These preliminary results from a small, self-selected sample suggest that current occupational therapy treatment planning is not consistent with consumer-oriented practice models.

Quality of life: A universal or a disability specific concept?

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Asnat Bar-Haim Erez ◽  
Eynat Gal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Specific Concept ◽  
The Individual

Background. Quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome of occupational therapy practice. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts the individual throughout their lifespan and may substantially affect QoL. Measuring QoL of people with ASD presents a challenge and a debate whether to use general versus disability-specific adapted measures. Purpose. This paper aims to (a) revisit the construct of QoL and discuss specific dilemmas pertaining to its measurement, and (b) discuss implications to the assessment of QoL in individuals with ASD while highlighting the potential contribution of occupational therapy to the development of measures. Key Issues. We suggest adding the domain of accessibility into QoL assessments, including, physical, sensory, social, and cognitive aspects, and to use disability-specific QoL measures. Implications. The paper presents a call for occupational therapists to be involved in developing specific ASD disability-oriented measures that consider the unique characteristics of the disorder and environmental supports.

The entry-level occupational therapy clinical doctorate: The next education wave of change in Canada?

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 306-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Brown ◽  
Jeffrey L. Crabtree ◽  
Joe Wells ◽  
Keli Mu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
The United States ◽  
Occupational Therapy Education ◽  
Clinical Doctorate ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Therapy Education

Background. Currently, Canada and the United States are the only two countries that mandate entry to the occupational therapy profession at the master’s level. There was a recommendation considered by the American Occupational Therapy Association that by 2025 all education programs would move to the clinical doctorate level. In August 2015, the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education made the formal decision that for now, the entry-level qualification for occupational therapists in the United States will remain at both the master’s and clinical doctorate levels. Purpose. This article presents an overview of the types of doctorates available, the pros and cons of moving to the clinical doctorate, and some potential questions that will need to be considered. Key issues. Is the next step in the educational progression of occupational therapy in Canada the entry-level clinical doctorate? What are the potential implications for the profession, our clients, and funders? Implications. Further discourse and investigation of this issue is needed.

Empowerment and occupation: A new perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen R. Whalley Hammell
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Relevant Concept ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
New Perspective

Background. The idea of empowerment permeates the occupational therapy literature yet has received little critical reflection from occupational therapy’s theorists. Purpose. This paper aims to explore the concept of empowerment and highlight a recent definition that resonates with occupational therapists’ core values. Key Issues. Empowerment is generally understood to be a process of bestowing power and giving ability to someone deficient in both. However, a new definition provides a framework for understanding how empowerment might enhance people’s capabilities. Implications. The World Bank’s depiction of empowerment fits well with occupational therapists’ beliefs in the importance of the ability and opportunity to “do,” providing a framework for action. This framework focuses on people’s capabilities: their freedom—or opportunity—to choose what they wish to do and to be and their ability to act on these wishes. Moreover, the World Bank’s assertion that empowered people have freedom of both choice and action suggests empowerment is a relevant concept for occupational therapists.

scholarly journals Occupational therapy in the Fourth Industrial Revolution

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Liu
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Complex Relationships

Background. While occupational therapy’s inception was from the Arts and Crafts movement and the moral treatment movement with war veterans, the profession has evolved to requiring a professional entry-level master’s degree to practice, and involves complex relationships with clients across the life span. Throughout history, a consistent impact of each industrial revolution has been the loss of jobs to automation. This consequence is even more profound today with the exponential growth of innovations and automation. Purpose. The objectives of this article are to (a) set the context by reviewing the evolution, or five eras, of occupational therapy in Canada; (b) present what is meant by the “Fourth Industrial Revolution”; and (c) examine the technological innovations faced by occupational therapists and our clients as we enter the “sixth” era of occupational therapy in Canada. Key Issues. Although occupational therapy, as a profession, has low risk for automation, a great number of our clients will not be able to reskill fast enough to keep up with job market requirements. Telerehabilitation, the Internet of Things, virtual reality, 3-D printing, robotics, artificial intelligence, and autonomous vehicles are challenging ways occupational therapists provide services to clients. Implications. It is recommended that occupational therapists engage with disciplines beyond current typical connections, as our expertise is called upon to advocate for ourselves and our clients who are end users of these technologies.

Research Priorities in Forensic Occupational Therapy

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A S Duncan ◽  
Karen Munro ◽  
Margaret M Nicol
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Group Work ◽  
Nominal Group Technique ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Effective Group

National research priorities have been developed and published by the College of Occupational Therapists (Ilott and White 2001). Such an exercise, however, cannot provide the specific research priorities of a particular area of practice. A questionnaire survey was undertaken to ascertain the specific research priorities of forensic occupational therapists. The survey had three parts: determining research priorities, examining outcome measures and exploring the use of protocol-driven group work. Three specific research priorities were clearly defined by part one of the survey: the development of appropriate outcome measures, the development of rigorous and effective group-work programmes and the development of effective risk assessment tools. The nominal group technique was used in order to triangulate the data. The survey also examined the participants' use of outcome measures: a high number of the participants (62%, 44/71) stated that they used outcome measures in practice. The participants' responses to the third aspect of the survey, regarding the use of protocol-driven groups, were more varied. The majority of the groups reported by the participants were ‘home grown’, with little research base underpinning their implementation. The methodological weaknesses of undertaking such a survey are examined. The paper concludes that having identified clinicians' priorities in forensic occupational therapy research, the challenge is how best to gather robust evidence for practice.

scholarly journals Processo de formação de terapeutas ocupacionais: a utilização da metodologia da problematização no contexto de uma ação extensionista/The process of vocational training occupational therapists: a problematization methodology in the context of an extensionist action

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Lilian Dias Bernardo ◽  
Laísa Souza Pereira ◽  
Luana De Barros ◽  
Vanessa Hellman ◽  
Taiuani Marquine Raymundo
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Digital Inclusion ◽  
Pedagogical Strategy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Selection Of

Introdução: A utilização de metodologias ativas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem constitui uma estratégia pedagógica diferenciada que contribui para o aprendizado relevante e duradouro. Objetivo: O estudo buscou descrever a experiência da utilização da metodologia da problematização no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de acadêmicas inseridas em um projeto de extensão. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com acadêmicas do curso de Terapia Ocupacional. Para a coletas dos dados, foram realizados grupos focais, uma vez por semana, por um período de 12 semanas, com duração média de 1hora. Para a condução dos grupos, as docentes-mediadoras seguiam a proposta do Esquema do Arco de Charles Maguerez. Resultados: A metodologia adotada permitiu, a partir de situações reais, identificar situações-problemas relacionadas ao processo de inclusão digital, em que destaca os níveis diversificados de conhecimentos e a insegurança para desempenhar o papel de monitora. Os grupos focais permitiram planejar e selecionar estratégias para conduzir a Oficina. Conclusão: A metodologia da problematização mostrou ser uma estratégia interessante para o amadurecimento acadêmico e profissional.AbstractIntroduction: The use of active methodologies in the teaching-learning process is a differentiated pedagogical strategy that contributes to relevant and lasting learning. Objective: The study aimed to describe the experience of using the methodology of the problem-solving in the teachinglearning process of academics inserted in an extension project. Methods: This is a qualitative research, carried out with students of the Occupational Therapy course who conducted a digital inclusion workshop. The data collection was performed through the analysis of the reflexive field diaries that were constructed and the transcripts of the focus groups held after the digital inclusion extension project for adults and older people meetings. For the conduction of the groups, the mediator-teachers followed the proposal of the Scheme of the Arch of Charles Maguerez. Results: The adopted methodology allowed, from the observation of reality, to identify situations-problems related to the development of the extensionist action, which were listed and theorized, allowing the planning and selection of strategies to solve them. This allowed to broaden the knowledge of the subject worked on the extension and to favor the personal maturation, as well as to promote the development of competences for the professional pratice. Conclusion: The problematization methodology proved to be an interesting strategy for the academic maturity and the development of professional competences, since it made the students active and critical throughout the development process of the Arch.Keywords:  Learning; Methodology; Occupational Therapy; Teaching.

Culture and its Influence on Occupational Therapy Evaluation

1995 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Paul
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Evaluation Tools ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
White Middle Class ◽  
Values And Beliefs

In the increasingly multicultural society of north America, occupational therapists have a responsibility to develop awareness and knowledge concerning different cultural groups. By accepting and understanding clients' customs, values and beliefs, clinicians have a better chance of assessing and producing more effective outcomes. Since occupational therapy has incorporated western middle-class values into its theory and practice, many evaluation tools used are based on norrns developed for a white middle-class population. Using these evaluations with minority groups brings the danger of improper interpretation of test results. Consequently, increasing emphasis is being placed on the importance of culture fairness and the development of culture-fair evaluation tools for usage across different cultural groups. This paper will present a discussion concerning the importance, advantages and disadvantages of both culture-fair and culture-specific tests and evaluation tools.

A critical reflexion on two conceptual tools from a Global South perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 000841742199437
Author(s):  
Juman Simaan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Culturally Relevant ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Global South ◽  
Academic Experiences ◽  
Cultural Safety ◽  
Critical Reflexivity ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Occupational Justice

Background. Occupational therapy’s conceptual tools need to be considered from Global South perspectives to make them more culturally relevant and safe. Purpose. This paper uses an empirical example, and the author’s professional and academic experiences, to analyze the strengths, limitations, and potential refinement of the Critical Thinking Tool (CTT) and the Participatory Occupational Justice Framework (POJF). Key Issues. The paper describes processes of critical reflexivity and intercultural translation to compare concepts used in the CTT and POJF with the findings of a study about olive growing in Palestine to consider the applicability of these tools in Global South settings. The CTT should be amended to address collective occupations, and global and historical contexts, and the POJF should embed intercultural translations and solidarity into its philosophy and processes. Implications. These refinements would enhance the cultural safety of the CTT and the POJF. Tools in occupational therapy will benefit from more evidence to enhance their global utility in an increasingly interconnected world, in which occupational therapists share the duty to tackle social and occupational injustices.

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