scholarly journals Mapping the inequality of the global distribution of seasonal influenza vaccine

2021 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2199835
Author(s):  
Yen Ching Yau ◽  
Michael T Gastner
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Choropleth Map ◽  
Vaccine Distribution

With an estimated annual worldwide death toll of between 290 000 and 650 000, seasonal influenza remains one of the deadliest respiratory diseases. Influenza vaccines provide moderate to high protection and have been on the World Health Organization’s Model List of Essential Medicines since 1979. Approximately 490 million doses of influenza vaccine are produced per year, but an investigation of geographic allocation reveals enormous disparities. Here, we present two maps that visualise the inequality of the distribution across 195 countries: a conventional choropleth map and a cartogram. In combination, these two maps highlight the widespread lack of coverage in Africa and many parts of Asia. As COVID-19 vaccines are now being distributed in developed countries, data for seasonal influenza vaccine distribution emphasises the need for policymakers to ensure equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines.

scholarly journals Trends in seasonal influenza vaccine distribution in the European Union: 2003-4 to 2007-8

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rodríguez de Azero ◽  
Collective the European Vaccine Manufacturers Influenza Working Group
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Dose Distribution ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
World Health ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Vaccine Distribution

Seasonal influenza is widely regarded as a continuing threat to public health, with vaccination remaining the principal measure of prophylaxis. In 2003, the World Health Organization issued targets for influenza vaccine coverage in the elderly of at least 50% by 2006 and 75% by 2010, endorsed by the European Parliament in two resolutions in 2005 and 2006. However, a number of European public health systems lack mechanisms to assess progress in influenza vaccine uptake. The European Vaccine Manufacturers group (EVM) undertook a Europe-wide survey of vaccine distribution over the last five seasons (between 2003 and 2008) to provide baseline data from which vaccination trends may be extrapolated. The survey data showed that the dose distribution level per capita in the 27 EU countries increased from 17% in 2003-4 to 20% in 2006-7; this growth was not maintained in the season 2007-8. Even without information on which age or risk groups received the vaccine, an immunisation rate of approximately 20% of the whole population falls short of the public health goal by more than half: an estimated 49% of the total population fall into risk groups recommended to receive the influenza vaccine in Europe. These data provide the only systematic review of vaccine dose distribution across Europe from a uniform source. Although they represent an important baseline parameter, age- and risk-group related vaccine uptake data with sufficient detail are needed to assist public health policy decision making, immunisation planning and monitoring. In light of this situation, and to support the improvement of immunisation rates across the EU, EVM aims to provide dose distribution data for each influenza season to assist Member States in the implementation of local immunisation policies.

Influenza A H1N1 2009 Vaccine in Patients with Hematological Diseases: Good Safety and Immunogenicity Even in Heavily Chemotherapy-Treated Patients

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 1054-1054
Author(s):  
Honar Cherif ◽  
Martin Hoglund ◽  
Karlis Pauksens
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Hematological Diseases ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Abstract Abstract 1054 Background: Patients with hematological malignancies are more susceptible for viral infections including influenza, which may be associated with prolonged illness, increased morbidity and mortality. In 2009, the World Health Organization classified the novel influenza A(H1N1) virus as pandemic. The impact of this viral infection in patients (pts) with hematological disorders was unknown, and there were concerns about the risk of serious complications. In Sweden, institutional guidelines recommended two doses of the AS03-adjuvanted inactivated H1N1 split vaccine Pandemrix™ from GlaxoSmithKline in these pts. Aims: Prospectively determine the safety, immunogenicity, and clinical efficacy of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccination in patients with hematological diseases. Compare the immunological response to that obtained by the trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (TIV). Patients and methods: 31 pts were included (myeloma 9, CLL 5, AML 6, ALL 2, CML 2, others 5), out of which 13 had undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). All received influenza A(H1N1) 2009 vaccine at day 0, and 28, and the majority (n=25) seasonal influenza vaccine at day 56. Serum for antibody analyses by validated HI-assays was taken at day 0, 28, 56 and 86 and at 1 year. The response to vaccination (seroconversion) was defined as at least a four-fold increase in antibody titer after vaccination or, in case prevaccination HI-titer was < 10, a post-vaccination titer of HI > 40 or greater. Considering that the HI-assay for influenza B differed from the A strains only the seroconversion rate was considered for the influenza B. Results: The A (H1N1) vaccine was well tolerated and no severe adverse events were reported. At day 28, a total of 16(52%) patients had protective levels of antibodies to A (H1N1) 2009 and 15(48%) had a seroconversion response. After the second dose of the vaccine, 25(81%) reached both protective levels of antibodies and seroconversion. At 1 year, protective levels of antibodies against A (H1N1) 2009 remained in 56% of responding patients. Seroconversion response was observed in 9/13 patients who had undergone HSCT, including 5/9 pts who had been transplanted within1–5 months, as well as in all (n=9) pts with myeloma having advanced disease and/or ongoing intense treatment. Following vaccination with TIV and evaluated at day 86, protective antibody levels and seroconversion response against A/Brisbane/59/2007 H1N1-like virus were detected in 10(40%) respective 7(28%), and against A/Uruguay/10/2007/H3N2-like virus in 14(56%) respective 10(40%). As for B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus, seroconversion response was found in 5(20%) of all pts. Response to the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccine was better than that to the three TIV strains (p<0.001, p<0.009 and p<0.001 respectively). Conclusion: A substantial proportion of patients with hematological malignancies including even heavily treated Myeloma and HSCT patients mounted a good response to the adjuvanted influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccine. This vaccine was well tolerated and had a significantly better immunogenicity than that of the non-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine. Disclosures: Cherif: GSK: Research Funding. Pauksens:GSK: Research Funding.

scholarly journals Healthcare Workers’ Perspectives on the Upcoming COVID-19 Vaccine in Terms of Their Exposure to the Influenza Vaccine in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Leena R. Baghdadi ◽  
Shatha G. Alghaihb ◽  
Alanoud A. Abuhaimed ◽  
Dania M. Alkelabi ◽  
Rawan S. Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccine ◽  
History Of

In 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)) caused a global pandemic. There was an urgent need to develop a vaccine against COVID-19 to reduce its spread and economic burden. The main objective of this study was to understand the attitudes and concerns of healthcare workers (HCWs) towards the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine, whether their decision was influenced by their history of taking the seasonal influenza vaccine, and factors that influence the acceptance of the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We selected and surveyed 356 HCWs via an electronic self-administered questionnaire. A total of 61.16% of HCWs were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, and 55.9% of them had received the seasonal influenza vaccine in the preceding year (2019–2020). The strongest predictors for taking the COVID-19 vaccine were the HCWs’ belief that the COVID-19 vaccine would be safe, needed even for healthy people, that all HCWs should be vaccinated against COVID-19, and that HCWs will have time to take the vaccine. Being female, being middle aged, having <5 years of work experience, having no fear of injections, and being a non-smoker were predictive factors for taking the upcoming COVID-19 vaccine. No associations were found between the intention to take the COVID-19 vaccine and a history of taking the seasonal influenza vaccine.

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