Cycling with an amputation: A systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Current Level ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Initial Results

Background: Cycling with any form of limb amputation has progressed from an activity of leisure or rehabilitation to elite level competition as part of the Paralympic Games programme. Objective: While it is often proposed that research into sport with an amputation can be extremely limited, this study intended to identify the volume, type and historical strategy in this area. Study design: This study comprises a documented systematic literature review of cycling undertaken with any form of limb amputation. Method: This study used four online search engines to identify relevant peer-reviewed literature. These included SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Scopus and MEDLINE. Google Scholar was also used as a secondary source. The initial results were then subjected to a set of pre-defined inclusion criteria. The resulting publications were then analysed for content and thematic commonality. Results: The review identified 20 articles which met pre-defined inclusion criteria. The identified peer-reviewed publications were dated from the period 2004 to 2014. Conclusions: Three clear themes emerged from the historical research. There was both a paucity of peer-reviewed literature with respect to cycling with an amputation and the design of adaptive or assistive technology to replace limb loss. However, publications have been rising substantially over the last 5 years. Clinical relevance This review study established the historical strategy and content of cycling with an amputation and identified the existing research themes. This will assist in summarising the current level of knowledge and help signpost such work in the future.

scholarly journals Drug resistance of M. tuberculosis (historical aspects, current level of knowledge)

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
I. A. Burmistrova ◽  
A. G. Samoylova ◽  
T. E. Tyulkova ◽  
E. V. Vaniev ◽  
G. S. Balasanyants ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
New Research

The review presents data on the frequency of detection of drug resistant (DR) tuberculosis mycobacteria (MTB) as well as on the change in DR patterns in Russia and abroad from the mid-50s of the 20th century till the present. Along with the well-known mechanisms for DR MTB development, it tells about new research describing mutations associated with drug resistance.

scholarly journals Video Analysis and Verification of Direct Head Impacts Recorded by Wearable Sensors in Junior Rugby League Players

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauchlan John Carey ◽  
Douglas P Terry ◽  
Andrew McIntosh ◽  
Peter Stanwell ◽  
Grant L Iverson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Video Analysis ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Video Review ◽  
Direct Head ◽  
Elite Level

Abstract Background: Rugby League is a high-intensity collision sport that carries a risk of concussion. Youth athletes are considered to be more vulnerable and take longer to recover from concussion than adult athletes. Purpose: To review head impact events in elite level junior representative rugby league and to verify and analyze x-patchTM recorded impacts via video analysis.Study Design: Observational case series.Methods: The x-patchTM was used on twenty-one adolescent players (thirteen forwards and eight backs) during a 2017 junior representative rugby league competition. Game day footage, recorded by a trained videographer from a single camera, was synchronized with accelerometer timestamps. Impacts were double verified by video review. Impact rates, playing characteristics, and game play situations were described.Results: The x-patchTM recorded 624 impacts 20g between game start and finish, of which 564 (90.4%) were verified on video. Upon video review, 413 (73.2%) of all verified impacts 20g where determined to be direct head impacts. Direct head impacts 20g occurred at a rate of 5.2 impacts per game hour; 7.6 for forwards and 3.0 for backs (range=0-18.2). A defender’s arm directly impacting the head of the ball carrier was the most common event, accounting for 21.3% (n=120) of all impacts, and 46.7% of all “hit-up” impacts. There were no medically diagnosed concussions during the competition.Conclusion: The majority (90.4%) of impacts 20g recorded by the x-patchTM sensor were verified by video. Double verification of direct head impacts in addition to cross-verification of sensor recorded impacts using a secondary source such as synchronized video review can be used to ensure accuracy and validation of data.

Chemotherapeutic approaches to protozoa: Haemosporina - current level of knowledge and outlook

2001 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 781-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Greif ◽  
Harder A. ◽  
Haberkorn A.
Keyword(s):  
Current Level ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Traveling Engineering Activity Kits in Pre-College Classrooms

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. DeBartolo ◽  
Margaret B. Bailey ◽  
Sheryl A. Gillow ◽  
William Scorse ◽  
Richard Liccion
Keyword(s):  
Student Engagement ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Program Assessment ◽  
School Students ◽  
College Classrooms ◽  
Technical Content ◽  
Engineering Activity ◽  
Class Period ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Initial Results

The focus of this paper is assessment of the effectiveness of Traveling Engineering Activity Kits (TEAK) in engaging pre-college students in engineering-related activities. This includes a discussion of the challenges in assessing such a brief interaction with groups of middle school students with widely varying backgrounds as well as a discussion of how past assessment has led to modifications in TEAK activities. Program assessment has evolved from pre- and post-visit quizzes on technical content and interest in engineering to instructor observation of student engagement during TEAK visits relative to engagement during a typical class period. Initial results from pre- and post-visit quizzes showed that the vast majority of students self-reported an increased interest in engineering but that the percentage of students showing an increased understanding of engineering topics was highly dependent on the background of the students. Students who did well on the pre-visit quizzes would show less improvement after a TEAK visit, because their initial level of knowledge was higher. In the present model of rating levels of student engagement during TEAK visits, results seem much more promising, with teachers indicating that, during TEAK activities, their students are more engaged and ask more and better questions than during a typical class.

Nursing and head injury: literature systematic review study

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti ◽  
Felipe Cesar Chaves de Oliveira ◽  
Dayane Pessoa de Araújo ◽  
Fausto Pierdoná Guzen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Craniocerebral Trauma ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Comprehensive Health Care ◽  
Information Platform ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Comprehensive Health ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Efficient Recovery

ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze the scientific research about the nursing care for Traumatic Brain Injury – TBI, with the perspective of the advent of the improvements in upon the guide of strategic canes in the hospital. Methodology: this is about a descriptive study of systematic review a literature it was performed as a search in the information platform databases LILACS, BDENF and MEDLINE, for descriptors Nursing Brain Injuries and Craniocerebral Trauma. To refine the search was conducted the intersection of keywords in English, Spanish and Portuguese. The inclusion criteria for articles were that they were published in national and international independent of which the journal during the period January 2000 to January 2010 and available in English, Spanish or Portuguese. Results: there were nineteen articles five in Spanish, seven in English and seven in Portuguese. The biggest majority of work was restrict the collected facts characterize the quantity of victims from TBI and the efficiency of the strategic cares that was considered as a more efficient recovery in the hospital. Conclusions: The small number of published articles express the nursing shortage has knowledge in neurology. Moreover, it’s necessary check the chosen way to the neurological nursing. That’s not frequent and has given wrong information about the clinical practice inside of the hospital rather than a comprehensive health care. Descriptors: nursing; brain injuries; craniocerebral trauma. RESUMOObjetivo: analisar a produção científica sobre a assistência de Enfermagem às vítimas de Traumatismo Cranioencefálico - TCE, tendo como perspectiva o advento de melhorias no tocante à planificação de estratégias de cuidado em âmbito hospitalar. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo revisão sistemática da literatura. Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados LILACS, BDENF e MEDLINE, pelos descritores Enfermagem, Traumatismos Encefálicos e Traumatismos Craniocerebrais. Para refinamento da busca, foi realizado o cruzamento dos unitermos nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português. Os critérios de inclusão dos artigos eram que os mesmos estivessem publicados em periódicos nacionais e internacionais independente do qualis, durante o período de Janeiro de 2000 a Janeiro de 2010 e disponíveis no idioma inglês, espanhol ou português. Resultados: foram encontrados 19 artigos, sendo cinco em espanhol, sete em inglês e sete em português. A grande maioria dos trabalhos restringe-se a caracterizar a demanda das vítimas de TCE e/ou a validar estratégias de cuidados que vislumbrem uma melhor recuperação no âmbito hospitalar. Conclusões: O número reduzido de trabalhos publicados expressa a carência que a enfermagem tem de conhecimentos no âmbito da neurologia. Além disso, é preciso (re)discutir o rumo tomado por essas pesquisas, pois elas têm demonstrado uma supervalorização das práticas clínicas intra-hospitalares em detrimento a uma assistência integral. Descritores: enfermagem; traumatismos encefálicos; traumatismos craniocerebrais.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar la literatura científica sobre los cuidados de enfermería para la lesión cerebral traumática - TEC, con la perspectiva de la llegada de mejoras en relación con la planificación de estrategias de atención en el hospital. Metodología: este estudio es una revisión descriptiva y sistemática de la literatura. Se realizó una búsqueda en la bases de datos LILACS, BDENF y MEDLINE, los descriptores para la Enfermería, y Lesiones Cerebrales Craneocerebrales Trauma. Para refinar la búsqueda se llevó a cabo el cruce de palabras clave en Inglés, español y portugués. Los criterios de inclusión para que los artículos fueron publicados en nacionales e internacionales independientes de la que la revista durante el período comprendido desde enero 2000 hasta enero 2010 y disponibles en Inglés, español y portugués.Resultados: se encontraron diecinueve artículos, cinco en español, siete en Inglés y siete en portugués. La gran mayoría del trabajo se limita a caracterizar la demanda de víctimas de TCE y / o validar las estrategias de atención que contemplen una mejor recuperación en el hospital. Conclusiones: el pequeño número de trabajos publicados que expresan la escasez de enfermeras tiene conocimiento de la neurología. También, es necesario (re)examinar el camino recorrido por la investigación en enfermería neurológica. Además no son frecuentes, han mostrado una sobreestimación en el hospital de la práctica clínica en vez de una atención integral de salud. Descriptores: enfermería; las lesiones cerebrales; traumatismo craneoencefálico. 

scholarly journals Video Analysis and Verification of Direct Head Impacts Recorded by Wearable Sensors in Junior Rugby League Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauchlan Carey ◽  
Douglas P. Terry ◽  
Andrew S. McIntosh ◽  
Peter Stanwell ◽  
Grant L. Iverson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Video Analysis ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Rugby League ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Video Review ◽  
Direct Head ◽  
Elite Level

Abstract Background Rugby league is a high-intensity collision sport that carries a risk of concussion. Youth athletes are considered to be more vulnerable and take longer to recover from concussion than adult athletes. Purpose To review head impact events in elite-level junior representative rugby league and to verify and describe characteristics of X-patchTM-recorded impacts via video analysis. Study Design Observational case series. Methods The X-patchTM was used on twenty-one adolescent players (thirteen forwards and eight backs) during a 2017 junior representative rugby league competition. Game-day footage, recorded by a trained videographer from a single camera, was synchronised with X-patchTM-recorded timestamped events. Impacts were double verified by video review. Impact rates, playing characteristics, and gameplay situations were described. Results The X-patchTM-recorded 624 impacts ≥ 20g between game start and finish, of which 564 (90.4%) were verified on video. Upon video review, 413 (73.2%) of all verified impacts ≥ 20g where determined to be direct head impacts. Direct head impacts ≥ 20g occurred at a rate of 5.2 impacts per game hour; 7.6 for forwards and 3.0 for backs (range = 0–18.2). A defender’s arm directly impacting the head of the ball carrier was the most common event, accounting for 21.3% (n = 120) of all impacts, and 46.7% of all “hit-up” impacts. There were no medically diagnosed concussions during the competition. Conclusion The majority (90.4%) of head impacts ≥ 20g recorded by the X-patchTM sensor were verified by video. Double verification of direct head impacts in addition to cross-verification of sensor-recorded impacts using a secondary source such as synchronised video review can be used to ensure accuracy and validation of data.

scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN DAN PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK SECARA SWAMEDIKASI PADA MASYARAKAT DI KOTA MANADO

PHARMACON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Hendra Tandjung ◽  
Weny Indayany Wiyono ◽  
Deby Afriani Mpila
Keyword(s):  
Test Results ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Care Costs

ABSTRACTAntibiotics are drugs to prevent and treat infections disease, the use of antibiotics must be in accordance with a doctor’s prescription therefore it is safe for patients. Improper use of antibiotics is often done in self-medication. Incorrect use of antibiotics will cause negative impacts, such as resistance to one or several antibiotics, increased drug side effect, expensive health care costs and even death. This research was conducted to determine the level of knowledge and behaviour of using antibiotics in the community in Manado City. This research is a prospective study using a descriptive – analytic research method that is observational to 323 respondents who fit the inclusion criteria. The results show that at the level of knowledge of the respondent’s antibiotics 25% falls in good category, 24% in enough, and less category 51%. At the level of antibiotics use, the percentage of respondent’s were in the categorized as good 25%, in enough 54%, and 21% in less. Spearman test results obtained a significant value of 0,000, the correlation coefficient value of 0,322, and the direction of the correlation is positive (+). This study shows a meaningful correlation between knowledge and use of antibiotics in the community of Manado City. Keyword  : Knowledge, Uses, Antibiotics, Self-Medicated, Resistance ABSTRAKAntibiotik merupakan obat untuk mencegah dan mengobati penyakit infeksi, penggunaanya harus sesuai dengan resep dokter supaya aman bagi pasien. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat sering dilakukan dalam swamedikasi. Penggunaan antibiotik yang salah akan menimbulkan dampak negatif, seperti terjadi resistensi terhadap satu atau beberapa antibiotik, meningkatnya efek samping obat, biaya pelayanan kesehatan yang mahal bahkan akan mengakibatkan meninggal dunia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dan perilaku penggunaan antibiotik pada masyarakat di Kota Manado. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian prospektif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif - analitik yang bersifat observasional tehadap 323 responden yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pada tingkat pengetahuan antibiotik responden yaitu kategori baik 25%, cukup 24% dan kurang 51%. Pada tingkat penggunaan antibiotik responden yaitu kategori baik 25%, cukup 54% dan kurang  21%. Hasil uji spearman didapatkan nilai signifikan 0,000, nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,322, dan arah korelasi yaitu positif (+). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan penggunaan antibiotik pada masyarakat di Kota Manado Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Penggunaan, Antibiotik, Swamedikasi, Resistensi

scholarly journals Epidemiological profile of funguria in Mohammed VI University Hospital in Oujda, Morocco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Maleb ◽  
Aziza Hami ◽  
Somiya Lambrabet ◽  
Safaa Rifai ◽  
Nawal Rahmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Current Level ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotic ◽  
Medical Microbiology ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Identification Techniques ◽  
Microbial Isolates

Background and Purpose:The presence of yeasts in the urine is not synonymous with urinary tract infectionsinceit can result insimple colonization or contamination. Regarding this, it is required to further clarify the epidemiological profile of funguria. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to establish the epidemiology of funguriainthe Mohammed VI Teaching Hospital of Oujda, Morocco. Materials and Methods:This retrospective studywas conducted onall urine samples sent for cytobacteriological examination to amicrobiology laboratoryover a period of 28 months(i.e., from March 2016 to June 2018). After the removal of duplicates, the urinesampleswere treated according to the recommendations of the medical microbiology standards. Results:A total of15,165 urine sampleswerecollected. Urinary colonization accounted for 4.94% (n=749) of cases. The infections of the urinary tract accounted for 5.35% (n=811) of cases. Microbial isolates (n=1,669) in colonization and urinary tract infections were dominated by bacteria (93.47%, n=1,560). Furthermore, the yeasts accounted for 6.53% (n=109) of the isolates. Candidaalbicanswas isolated from56.88% (n=62) of funguriacases. Theriskfactors forfunguriain our series wereessentially old age, admission tointensive care unit, and broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Conclusion:The current level of knowledge about the clinical situations leading to funguria with the improvement and popularization of efficient identification techniques for yeasts other than C. albicans should redress the epidemiology of funguria.This should allow the knowledgeable societies to establish the rules of interpreting the cytobacteriological examination of the urine in case of funguria, as for bacteriuria.

scholarly journals Nursing Scientific Production on Teenage Pregnancy: An Integrative Review

Aquichan ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Daiana Evangelista Rodrigues Fernandes ◽  
Marcelo Medeiros ◽  
Walterlania Silva Santos ◽  
Mayara Guimarães dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Great Element ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Communication About Sex ◽  
The Family ◽  
Review Study

Objective: To identify, in the national and international scientific literature, the evidence produced by Nursing that provides subsidies to prevent teenage pregnancy. Material and method: An integrative literature review study, based on papers available in the PubMed, BVS, Scopus and Web of Science metabases, and in the Lilacs and BDEnf databases, in Portuguese, English and Spanish languages, published from January 2013 to March 2020. Results: According to the inclusion criteria, 13 articles were selected. The findings are presented in the categories “lower socio-economic conditions”, “knowledge, attitudes and cultural aspects” and “sexual education and specialized services”. Conclusions: Teenage pregnancy is strongly associated with poverty and other socio-economic issues. Gender relations, communication about sex education in the family and other cultural aspects were found in the discussions, which indicates their impact on this phenomenon. Interventions involving sex education are shown as an alternative to cope. The presence of the nurse at the places that assist or concentrate adolescents can be a great element to reduce pregnancy rates in this phase.

scholarly journals The Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity in Pregnant Women: A Review Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-254
Author(s):  
Katayon Ahmadi ◽  
◽  
Leila Amiri-Farahani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Exercise Barriers ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Interpersonal Level ◽  
Barriers To Physical Activity

Background: Despite all the positive effects of physical activity on maternal and fetal health, its level is low among pregnant women. Various barriers seem to prevent physical activity during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate and determine the barriers to physical activity during pregnancy based on a review of available literature. Methods: To review the available literature, the authors searched Persian databases, such as Iran Medex, Magiran, MedLib, and SID, and also English databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and ProQuest using the keywords of pregnant woman, physical activity, exercise, barriers, pregnancy, constraints, and attitudes individually or in combination between 2000 and 2020 and finally, 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. An ecological model was used to classify the reported barriers. Results: Seven quantitative articles and three qualitative articles were included in the study. Obstacles related to the intrapersonal level of the ecological model were the most reported in these studies and were classified into five areas, including pregnancy symptoms and limitations, time constraints, misunderstanding the adequacy of daily activities, lack of motivation, and maternal and fetus safety concerns. Barriers at the interpersonal level included lack of consultation and information and lack of social support and at the environmental, organizational, and political levels, climate and lack of resources were the most reported barriers. Conclusion: The present study outlined the perceived barriers to physical activity among pregnant women and highlighted the important factors that should be considered when planning interventions to increase the level of physical activity during pregnancy. Further studies are recommended to provide solutions to overcome these barriers and increase the activity of pregnant women.

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