scholarly journals Repeated Doses of Suxamethonium

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-348
Author(s):  
N. M. Cass ◽  
G. R. Brace
Keyword(s):  
Initial Dose ◽  
Neuromuscular Block ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Integrated Electromyogram ◽  
Hand Muscle

Repeated sub-apnoeic doses of suxamethonium produce increased neuromuscular block in a hand muscle, measured by integrated electromyogram. The response to the initial dose varies widely between patients. More than 50% of patients showed evidence of non-depolarising block after one dose of suxamethonium. There was a variation between the response of the hand muscle and respiratory muscles.

scholarly journals Pharmacodynamics of Rocuronium in Cholestatic Patients with or without Hepatocellular Injury : Normal Onset Time of Initial Dose and Prolonged Duration Time After Repeated Doses

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-jun Yang ◽  
Yong-guang Wang ◽  
Zhuan Zhang ◽  
Zhi-jie Zhang ◽  
Jin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Dose ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Hepatocellular Injury ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Recovery Index ◽  
Duration Time ◽  
Group I ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Group Ii

Purpose. A prospective controlled study was designed to observe the pharmacodynamics of rocuronium in cholestatic patients with or without hepatocellular injury. Methods. Sixty patients undergoing abdominal surgery were allocated into three groups: group I had 20 cholestatic patients with hepatocellular injury; group II had 20 cholestatic patients without hepatocellular injury, and group III (control group) had 20 patients without hepatic disease. Anesthetized with propofol and fentanyl, all patients received rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg for initial dose followed by intermittent repeated administration of rocuronium 0.15 mg/kg. The twitch high of adductor pollicis muscle was monitored by acceleromyography. The onset time of the initial dose, the duration time of the initial and the repeated doses, and the recovery index were observed. Results. The onset and the duration time of the initial dose had no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). After administration of the 5th dose, the duration time of the repeated doses was significantly prolonged than that of the 2nd dose in group I (31±8 versus 22±4 min) and group II (28±5 versus 21±4 min) (P0.05). The recovery index of rocuronium was longer in group I (48±13 min) and group II (46±9 min) than that in group III (24±5 min) (P

EFFECTS OF THREE-DAY ORAL CHOLECYSTOGRAPHY ON SERUM IODOTHYRONINES AND TSH CONCENTRATIONS: COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS AMONG SOME CHOLECYSTOGRAPHIC AGENTS AND THE EFFECTS OF IOPANOIC ACID ON THE PITUITARY-THYROID AXIS

1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoji Suzuki ◽  
Nariyuki Kadena ◽  
Keisuke Takeuchi ◽  
Shoichi Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Initial Dose ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Iopanoic Acid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽  
Thyroid Axis ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Bovine Tsh

ABSTRACT The effects of repeated doses of oral cholecystographic agents on serum thyroxine (T4), 3,3′,5-triiodothyronine (T3), 3,3′,5′-triiodothyronine (rT3) and thyrotrophin (TSH) concentrations were studied in 37 euthyroid male subjects. Iobenzamic acid, tyropanoic acid, iopanoic acid, and ipodate sodium, in a dosage of 3 g for 3 days, respectively, induced a significant decrease in serum T3 and an increase in rT3 within 24 h after the initial dose, followed by an increase in TSH and a slight increase in T4. The extent of the changes in rT3 varied between the agents, ipodate causing the greatest change, but without any relation to the changes in T3 or T4. Responses of serum T4, T3, rT3 and TSH concentrations to exogenous thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) and bovine TSH were also studied before and after 3-day doses of iopanoic acid. In 11 subjects given iopanoic acid, the response of TSH to TRH (500 μg, iv) was increased but the T3 response was unchanged. A dose of TSH (10 U.S.P. units, im) caused a significant increase in serum T3 and a decrease in TSH concentrations in 5 subjects both before and after cholecystography. It is thus suggested that in euthyroid subjects given multiple doses of oral cholecystographic agents, (1) the primary and consistent events are the reciprocal changes of serum T3 and rT3. although the extent of the changes is not coordinately reciprocal; (2) the responsiveness of the pituitary thyrotrophs and thyroid to TRH is preserved; and (3) the high basal and TRH-induced TSH in the serum may be ascribed to the decrease in the serum T3 concentration.

Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of three asparaginase preparations.

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1780-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
B L Asselin ◽  
J C Whitin ◽  
D J Coppola ◽  
I P Rupp ◽  
S E Sallan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Dose ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Repeated Doses

PURPOSE As part of pharmacologic studies of asparaginase (ASNase), we determined the half-life of ASNase activity and protein, and the effect of dose, repeated doses, different drug preparations, and hypersensitivity reactions on the half-life (t1/2) of serum ASNase activity. PATIENTS AND METHODS We measured ASNase activity (spectrophotometric assay) in serum samples obtained from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at various times during their therapy with intramuscular ASNase. ASNase protein was measured by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Studies following the initial dose of Escherichia coli-derived ASNase demonstrated no difference in apparent t1/2 following 25,000 IU/m2 versus 2,500 IU/m2 (1.24 v 1.35 days, P = .2). The apparent t1/2s following maintenance doses of E coli ASNase (middle dose t1/2, 1.28 days, or last dose t1/2, 1.14 days) showed no difference when compared with the initial dose of ASNase (P = .3 to .9). There was no significant difference between the apparent t1/2s of ASNase activity and ASNase protein (n = 8, P = .2 to .6). The serum t1/2 was 0.65 and 5.73 days for patients receiving Erwinia or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified E coli ASNase, respectively, as the induction dose. ASNase activity was undetectable in sera of four patients studied in the week following an anaphylactic reaction to E coli ASNase and the t1/2 was significantly shorter in five patients with a history of allergic reaction to E coli ASNase who were studied following a dose of PEG ASNase, (t1/2, 1.80 days). CONCLUSION We conclude that (1) the apparent t1/2 of ASNase is dependent on enzyme preparation used, but is not affected by dose or by repeated use; (2) the apparent t1/2 of E coli ASNase as a protein is the same as the apparent t1/2 of enzymatic activity; and (3) patients who have had a hypersensitivity reaction to E coli ASNase have a decreased apparent t1/2 with both E coli and PEG ASNase.

Effects of repeated doses of curare on neuromuscular block in the cat

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-950
Author(s):  
Fiona Acheson ◽  
Oliver Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Neuromuscular Block ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Muscle Preparation ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Repeated Doses ◽  
Anterior Tibialis

Comparison was made between durations of d-tubocurarine chloride (DTC)-induced blocks (0.6 mg/kg) in the anterior tibialis muscles of two legs in each of 8 cats. The animals were kept in an unheated wooden shed between experiments. Four animals (controls) received no DTC between muscle preparations; three animals received a standard dose of DTC on 12 occasions between muscle preparations; one animal received 25 standard doses of DTC before first muscle preparation. We found: a) an inverse relationship between block duration with first dose and atmospheric temperature ( r = –0.82, P < 0.02); b) block durations in second leg of experimental animals' were shorter than in first, and shortest in animal receiving 25 doses (result was significant even allowing for temperature effect: P < 0.04). It was concluded that: a) temperature effect is a consequence of long-term adaptation to environment; and b) repeated doses of DTC induce tolerance.

Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis Treated with Porcine Plasmin

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 468-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Storm ◽  
P Ollendorff ◽  
E Drewsen ◽  
P Tang
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Initial Dose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Thrombolytic Effect ◽  
Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

SummaryThe thrombolytic effect of pig plasmin was tested in a double blind trial on patients with deep venous thrombosis in the lower limb. Only patients with not more than three days old thrombi were selected for this study. The diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis was made clinically and confirmed by phlebography. Lysofibrin Novo (porcine plasmin) or placebo (porcine plasminogen) was administered intravenously to the patients. The enzyme and the placebo were delivered as lyophilized powder in labelled bottles - the contents of the bottles were unknown to the doctor in charge of the clinical administration of the trial. An initial dose of plasmin/plasminogen of 30 unit per kg body weight given slowly intravenously (1-1% hours infusion) was followed by a maintenance dosis of 15 per cent the initial dose per hour for the following 5-7 hours. In most cases a similar maintenance dosis was given the next day. In all patients heparin was administered after ending the plasmin/plasminogen infusion. The results of the treatment was evaluated clinically as well as by control phlebo- grams the following days.A statistically significant improvement was found in the plasmin treated group compared with the placebo (plasminogen) treated group. Thrombolysis was obtained clinically and phlebographically in 65 per cent of the plasmin treated group, but only in 15 per cent of the control patients were improvements found.This study has thus demonstrated that plasmin treatment according to a standard scheme was able to induce thrombolysis. There were only a few and insignificant side effects. Allergic reactions have not been seen and only very simple tests are required.

Evaluation of a New Preparation of Urokinase

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
C.R.M Prentice ◽  
K.M Rogers ◽  
G.P McNicol
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Initial Dose ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Effect ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Fibrinolytic Agent ◽  
Thromboplastic Activity

SummaryThe pharmacological effect of a new preparation of urokinase (Leo) has been studied, both in vitro and in six patients suffering from thrombo-embolic disorders. It was a non-toxic, effective fibrinolytic agent if given in sufficient dosage. A regimen consisting of an initial dose of 7,200 ploug units per kg body weight, followed by hourly maintenance therapy with 3,600 ploug units per kg intravenously, gave satisfactory evidence of whole body fibrinolytic activity. The preparation had minor but insignificant thromboplastic activity both when assayed in the laboratory and when given to patients.

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