Monitoring chronic headache and medication-overuse headache prevalence in Denmark

Objectives To study chronic headache and medication-overuse headache (MOH) prevalence; to identify groups with high prevalence of these conditions; and to identify the most frequently used pain medications among respondents with chronic headache. Background Chronic headache and MOH prevalence in Denmark were last estimated in 2010. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 104,950 individuals aged ≥16 years were randomly sampled for the 2017 Danish Capital Region Health Survey. Responses to questions about headache and use of acute pain medications were linked to demographic registries. MOH was defined as headache ≥15 days/month plus self-report of use of pain medications ≥10 or 15 days/month, in the last three months. Weighted prevalence proportions were calculated. Results Among 55,185 respondents, chronic headache prevalence was 3.0% (95% CI: 2.3–3.2) and MOH prevalence was 2.0% (95% CI: 1.8–2.1). Both conditions were more common among females and the middle-aged. Respondents on social welfare or receiving early retirement pensions had the highest prevalences. Among those with chronic headache, 44.7% overused over-the-counter analgesics for headache; paracetamol 41.5%; a combination of different pain relievers 25.3%; ibuprofen 21.9%; opioids 17.0%; combination preparations 14.3%; and triptans 9.1%. Conclusions The highest prevalence of chronic headache and MOH was seen among people with low socioeconomic position. Overuse of paracetamol was most common. Reported opioid use was higher than expected. Groups with high prevalence of MOH should be the focus of public health interventions on rational use of OTC and prescription pain medications.

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Sociodemographic characteristics of patients with chronic headache

Headache Medicine ◽

10.48208/headachemed.2020.6 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 22-24

Author(s):

Patrick Giordanni Gomes Sampaio ◽

Hiago Diniz Maracajá ◽

Sara Raquel Nóbrega Figueiredo ◽

Virgínia Gabriela Nóbrega Figueiredo ◽

Túlio Carneiro Monteiro Temoteo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Migraine ◽

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Medical Records ◽

Chronic Headache ◽

Medication Overuse ◽

Medication Overuse Headache ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Secondary Headache ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Number Of Patients

Introduction: Headache is an entity characterized by a painful process in the cephalic segment and may originate from cranial or facial structures, being considered a common medical complaint. The chronification process of the pain can present a decrease in quality, the functional capacity and the patient’s and labor environment, and also as well as affect their interpersonal relationships, since the chronic cephalalgic process can lead the patient to moments of social isolation, mood swings, depression. Methods: The research was conducted through a retrospective cross-sectional study, performing the analysis of medical records of patients seen at the Unifacisa’s outpatient neurology School Clinic complaining of chronic headache, from February 1st to August 31, 2019. Results: With the analysis of the medical records, 684 attendances were obtained, where 30 of the patients treated had the diagnosis of chronic headache, 29 women and 01 man. These patients received the following diagnoses: 18 (60%) patients with chronic migraine without aura, 4 (13.3%) patients with chronic migraine with aura, 12 (40%) patients with chronic daily medication overuse headache, 9 (30%) patients with chronic tensiontype headache (CTTH), 1 (3.3%) patient with basilar migraine, 2 (6.6%) patients with secondary headache. Conclusion: Although a small number of chronic headache patients were obtained, yet we realize that it is the migraine that leads to a greater demand for specialized medical care. In addition, as expected due to the latest research, a significant number of patients with headache due to excessive use of common painkillers.

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Minor mental disorders among undergraduate students: Prevalence and associated factors

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1041 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

V Ferreira Júnior ◽

E de Sousa Gomes ◽

M Pereira Lima ◽

L Maura Mascarini

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lgbt Students ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Mental Health Centers ◽

And Gender

Abstract Although it is recognized that mental disorders are more likely to occur in adulthood, especially in university period, and result in damage to health and incapacity for work, researches with university population are scarce in Brazil. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Minor Mental Disorders (MMD) among undergraduate students of a public university of São Paulo state, and investigate its association with social and economic conditions, sexuality and gender. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2018 with 376 undergraduate students who were halfway through the course. Data were collected from an anonymously and self-administered questionnaire, and MMD was evaluated from Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Associations were estimated through logistic regression, and odds ration calculated. We found prevalence of 53.9% of MMD among the students, and associated with gender (OR, 3.66; 95% CI, 2.37-5.67), being LGBT + (e.g Bisexuals OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.56-5.50), not receiving necessary family support (OR, 5.6; 95% CI, 2.00 - 15.68), not being satisfied with the course (OR, 23.69 95% CI, 2.95 - 190,03) and not practicing physical activities regularly (OR, 2.05; 95% IC, 1.33 - 3.17). Minor mental disorders prevalence found was high, reaching more than 70% in some courses (e.g 77.8% among Biomedicine students), mainly associated with gender, sexual orientation and emotional support. Our study draws attention to the urgency of monitoring the mental health status of undergraduate students, and implementing mental health centers at universities, as well as facilitating access and improve existing centers. Key messages The high prevalence of minor mental disorders found among undergraduate students indicates the urgent need for interventions in this populations. Women and LGBT+ students are groups at higher risk for the development of minor mental disorders at university. Strategies must be created to reduce the higher prevalence in this populations.

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Association of Internet Addiction with Emotional and Behavioral Characteristics of Adolescents

Iranian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.18502/ijps.v15i1.2440 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Effatpanah ◽

Mohammad Moharrami ◽

Gilda Rajabi Damavandi ◽

Mahdi Aminikhah ◽

Mohammad Hosein Nezhad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internet Addiction ◽

Externalizing Problems ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Behavioral Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence

Objective: This study aimed to measure the prevalence of internet addiction and its impact on the psychological well-being of adolescents in Tehran, considering the sociodemographic characteristics. Method: In this cross sectional study, a total of 945 (mean age of 14.85) students (522 boys and 423 girls) were recruited by 2-stage clustering sampling method in 2017. The Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) and Youth Self-Report (YSR) were used to measure internet addiction and psychological characteristics, respectively. The data were analyzed using multiple-logistic regression analysis adjusted for internet addiction and sociodemographic variables. Results: Overall, 20% of the adolescents were internet addicts. Gender, consanguineous marriage, and father’s education level were significantly associated with internet addiction. Regarding emotional and behavioral characteristics, internet addiction was significantly associated with the scores of internalizing (OR = 5.03; 95% CI: 3.05-8.28) and externalizing problems (OR = 5.84; 95% CI: 3.61-9.43), the total score of empirical scales (OR = 6.51; 95% CI: 3.71-11.6), and all DSM-oriented scales of the YSR (p < 0.001). Except for school performance, other competency scales had no correlations with internet addiction. Conclusion: Regarding the high prevalence of the internet addiction and its correlation with emotional and behavioral characteristics, students and their parents should be advised of the detrimental impacts of internet addiction and try to focus on its constructive application.

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Insomnia in COVID-19 Survivors: A Cross Sectional Study Among Healthcare Workers

Chronobiology in Medicine ◽

10.33069/cim.2021.0016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 102-106

Author(s):

Nalakath A. Uvais ◽

Shamsudeen Moideen ◽

Bishurul Hafi ◽

Sooraj Rajagopal ◽

V. Maheshwari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Active Phase ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Social Demographic ◽

Insomnia Severity

Objective: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection predisposes patients to various psychiatric disorders. Study results indicate significantly higher prevalence of insomnia among patients with COVID-19 during active phase. Acute insomnia during active phase of COVID-19 can persist even after recovery, and can transform into chronic insomnia. There are not many studies exploring insomnia among COVID-19 survi- vors. Our study aims to explore insomnia and its correlation among healthcare workers with confirmed infection of COVID-19 after recovery.Methods: One hundred and seven COVID-19 survivors participated in the study. The social demographic and clinical information of all par- ticipants was collected by a structured self report questionnaire. Insomnia was evaluated using the Insomnia Severity Index.Results: The prev- alence of insomnia was 21.5% among the healthcare workers with confirmed COVID-19 infection after recovery. There were significant posi- tive correlation between the duration of fever and insomnia severity (0.247, p=0.01).Conclusion: Our study among healthcare workers recovered from COVID-19 provides evidence for high prevalence of insomnia among COVID-19 survivors. The results of this study demands that specific support measures should be planned and implemented to address insomnia among healthcare workers recovered from COVID-19.

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Behavioral Dependence in Patients With Medication Overuse Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study in Consulting Patients Using the DSM-IV Criteria

Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain ◽

10.1111/j.1526-4610.2007.00999.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 48 (7) ◽

pp. 1026-1036 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Franoise Radat ◽

Christelle Creach ◽

Evelyne Guegan-Massardier ◽

Grard Mick ◽

Nathalie Guy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medication Overuse ◽

Medication Overuse Headache ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dsm Iv

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Medication Overuse Withdrawal in Children and Adolescents does not Always Improve Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-31087/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Romina Moavero ◽

Maddalena Stornelli ◽

Laura Papetti ◽

Fabiana Ursitti ◽

Michela Ada Noris Ferilli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Medication Overuse ◽

Medication Overuse Headache ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of ◽

Drug Overuse ◽

Primary Chronic Headache

Abstract Background. MOH can be diagnosed in subjects with headache occurring 15 days/month in association with a regular medication overuse, but its existence is not universally accepted. ICHD-3 redefined criteria for MOH, removing the criterion associating drug suspension with headache course. Aim of our study was to compare the rate of patients diagnosed with medication overuse headache (MOH) according to ICHD-2 and ICHD-3 criteria, to verify the degree of concordance. Secondary aim was to verify if drug withdrawal was really associated with pain relief.Methods. In this cross-sectional study, we retrospectively analyzed a sample of 400 patients followed for primary chronic headache at the Headache Center of Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital. We then selected those presenting with a history of medication overuse, and we applied both ICHD-2 and ICHD-3 criteria to verify in which patients the criteria would identify a clinical diagnosis of MOH.Results. We identified 42 subjects (10.5%) with MOH; 23 of them (55%) presented a relief of headache withdrawing drug overuse. Regarding the applicability of the ICHD-2 criteria, 43% of patients (18/42) fulfilled all criteria, while all ICHD-3 diagnostic criteria were satisfied in 76% of patients (32/42). Eighteen patients (43%) satisfied both ICHD-2 and ICHD-3 criteria, while 10 patients (24%) did not satisfy either diagnostic criteria.Conclusions. Our study suggests that in children and adolescents withdrawing medication overuse is not always associated with a clinical benefit. Therefore, though allowing a MOH diagnosis in a higher rate of patients as compared to ICHD-2, the application of ICHD-3 criteria does not guarantee a true a causal relationship between medication overuse and headache worsening.

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Association between mental health screening by self-report questionnaire and insomnia in medical students

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2001000200005 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 59 (2A) ◽

pp. 180-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Maria Paz Loayza H. ◽

Talles S. Ponte ◽

Clarissa G. Carvalho ◽

Michell R. Pedrotti ◽

Paula V. Nunes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Psychiatric Disorder ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Sleep Difficulty ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Falling Asleep ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Waking Up ◽

Main Association

Epidemiological research points to the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among insomniacs. We carried out a cross-sectional study with medical students with the aim of evaluating the association between insomnia and suspicion of psychiatric disorder; 302 medical students were included (184 males and 118 females; mean age = 20.47±1.89 years). The main association was tested by logistic regression analysis. The overall prevalence of positivity in a screening test for psychiatric disorder was 22.19%; and of insomnia, 28.15%. Difficulty initiating sleep (OR=3.45), difficulty maintaining sleep (OR=7.61), falling asleep later (OR=1.99) and waking up earlier (OR=1.91) were associated with suspicion of psychiatric disorder. As a group, the variables difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, falling asleep after 11 pm, and waking up before 6 am presented an odds ratio of 5.96 for positivity in the screening for psychiatric disorder. Furthermore, difficulty maintaining sleep (OR=2.24) was associated with "being female," and falling asleep later (OR=0.43) was associated with "being male". These results underscore the importance of determining in what cases difficulty sleeping may have severe clinical repercussions or affect performance.

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Cognitive Decline in Chronic Migraine with Nonsteroid Anti-inflammation Drug Overuse: A Cross-Sectional Study

Pain Research and Management ◽

10.1155/2019/7307198 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaoying Cai ◽

Xiaotian Xu ◽

Aiwu Zhang ◽

Jianwen Lin ◽

Xiaojuan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Chronic Migraine ◽

Medication Overuse ◽

Medication Overuse Headache ◽

Life Quality ◽

Executive Dysfunction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Background. Chronic migraine with medication overuse headache (CM-MOH) is the most common type of chronic migraine, and it increases risk of stroke and white matter lesions. These pathologic changes could induce cognitive decline. However, the alteration of cognitive function in CM-MOH patients is not established. Therefore, we took this study to reveal the cognitive performances in CM-MOH. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2015 and January 2017. Patients were divided into CM-MOH, CMwoMOH (chronic migraine without medication overuse), and MO (migraine without aura) groups. Cognitive function was assessed in all cases during interictal periods using Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination Test (ACE-R), Trail Making Test A/B (TMT A/B), and Digit Symbol Test (DST). Detailed headache characteristics and evaluation of anxiety, depression, and living and sleep quality were collected. Results. 116 patients were included in this study. There were 21 CM-MOHs, 20 CMwoMOHs, 35 MOs, and 40 controls. Age and education were the independent risk factors of cognitive decline (P<0.05). After adjusting, the risk of cognitive decline was higher in CM compared with control in ACE-R score and language fluency (P<0.05). In addition, CM-MOH sufferers were in higher risk of memory and executive dysfunction (P<0.05). The cognitive function had no difference between CM-MOH and CMwoMOH (P>0.05). Meanwhile, CM-MOH got significantly higher scores than MO in anxiety and depression, with poorer performances in sleep and life quality (P<0.05). Conclusion. The risk of cognitive decline increased in chronic migraine patients. Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs overuse had no influence on cognitive performances among chronic migraine sufferers.

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Association between suicidal risks and medication-overuse headache in chronic migraine: a cross-sectional study

The Journal of Headache and Pain ◽

10.1186/s10194-021-01248-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yen-Feng Wang ◽

Chia-Chun Yu ◽

Ai Seon Kuan ◽

Shih-Pin Chen ◽

Shuu-Jiun Wang

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Medication Overuse ◽

Medication Overuse Headache ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background Behaviors of substance dependence are common among patients with medication-overuse headache (MOH). Whether MOH, like other substance use disorders, is associated with an increased risk for suicide is unknown. Methods In this cross-sectional study, newly diagnosed chronic migraine (CM) patients with or without coexisting MOH were enrolled prospectively. Headache diagnoses were made through face-to-face interviews by headache specialists, and a specifically designed questionnaire was used to collect demographics, headache profiles, Migraine Disability Assessment, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, etc. Suicidal ideation and prior suicide attempt were specifically questioned. Results In total, 603 CM patients (485F/118M, mean age 42.03 ± 12.18 years) were recruited, including 320 with MOH (257F/63M, mean age 42.8 ± 11.7 years) (53.1%), and 214 (35.5%) and 81 (13.4%) had suicidal ideation and prior suicide attempt, respectively. Among CM patients, the presence of MOH increased the risks of suicidal ideation (odds ratio [OR] = 1.75 [95% CI = 1.20–2.56], p = 0.004) and prior suicide attempt (OR = 1.88 [1.09–3.24], p = 0.024), after controlling for demographics, headache profile, disabilities, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and sleep quality. Conclusions In CM patients, MOH is associated with an increased risk for suicidal ideation and prior suicide attempt, which deserves attention for clinicians taking care of headache patients. However, further studies are needed to determine the causal relationship, as well as the underlying pathophysiology.

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Medication overuse headache and awareness

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0547 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zeynep Tuncer ISSI ◽

Hayriye DURAN ◽

Mehmet Emin KUŞ ◽

Nil HELVACIOĞLU ◽

Hülya ELLIDOKUZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medication Overuse ◽

Medication Overuse Headache ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Doctors ◽

University Campus ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Raising Awareness ◽

Administrative Unit

ABSTRACT Background: Medication overuse headache (MOH) is the worsening of an underlying headache due to the overuse of its acute treatment. Unintentionally, healthcare professionals may contribute to this condition. Health professionals play an important role in preventing this increasingly frequent and difficult-to-treat condition. Objective: To investigate MOH awareness among physicians with headache through a survey conducted among medical doctors on our university campus. Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study about MOH awareness. The total number of medical doctors working in the Dokuz Eylül University Health Campus was provided by the administrative unit. A total of 18 questions were prepared and administered on a voluntary basis to obtain information about MOH awareness. Results: A total of 312 medical doctors were surveyed, including 198 (63.5%) from internal medical sciences, 81 (26%) from surgical medical sciences, and 33 (10.5%) from basic medical sciences. Half of the physicians in our sample were unaware of MOH. Our results showed that awareness of MOH, was quite low even among medical doctors. Conclusions: MOH causes both labor and financial losses to countries and impairs the quality of life of patients. Preventing excessive use of medications by raising awareness among doctors is an important step to prevent the development of MOH.

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