Impacts on Vehicle Occupancy and Airport Curb Congestion of Transportation Network Companies at Airports

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (23) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Hermawan ◽  
Amelia C. Regan
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Standard Service ◽  
Transportation Network Companies

How does the growth of transportation network companies (TNCs) at airports affect the use of shared modes and congestion? Using data from the 2015 passenger survey from Los Angeles International Airport (LAX), San Francisco International Airport (SFO), and Oakland International Airport (OAK), this research analyzes TNCs’ relationship with shared modes (modes that typically have higher vehicle-occupancy and include public transit such as buses and light rail, shared vans or shuttles) and the demand for their shared vs. standard service at the airport. Because TNCs both replace shared rides and make them possible, the research also measured the net effects at these airports. The results suggest that in 2015, TNCs caused 215,000 and 25,000 passengers to switch from shared to private modes at SFO and OAK, respectively. By 2020, the increase is expected to be about 840,000 and 107,000 passengers per year, respectively.

scholarly journals Do transportation network companies increase or decrease transit ridership? Empirical evidence from San Francisco

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Erhardt ◽  
Richard Alexander Mucci ◽  
Drew Cooper ◽  
Bhargava Sana ◽  
Mei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Transit Ridership ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Transit Agencies ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Transit Use ◽  
Transportation Network Companies

AbstractTransportation network companies (TNCs), such as Uber and Lyft, have been hypothesized to both complement and compete with public transit. Existing research on the topic is limited by a lack of detailed data on the timing and location of TNC trips. This study overcomes that limitation by using data scraped from the Application Programming Interfaces of two TNCs, combined with Automated Passenger Count data on transit use and other supporting data. Using a panel data model of the change in bus ridership in San Francisco between 2010 and 2015, and confirming the result with a separate time-series model, we find that TNCs are responsible for a net ridership decline of about 10%, offsetting net gains from other factors such as service increases and population growth. We do not find a statistically significant effect on light rail ridership. Cities and transit agencies should recognize the transit-competitive nature of TNCs as they plan, regulate and operate their transportation systems.

scholarly journals Do transportation network companies decrease or increase congestion?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. eaau2670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Erhardt ◽  
Sneha Roy ◽  
Drew Cooper ◽  
Bhargava Sana ◽  
Mei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Travel Time Data ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Programming Interfaces ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Transportation Network Companies

This research examines whether transportation network companies (TNCs), such as Uber and Lyft, live up to their stated vision of reducing congestion in major cities. Existing research has produced conflicting results and has been hampered by a lack of data. Using data scraped from the application programming interfaces of two TNCs, combined with observed travel time data, we find that contrary to their vision, TNCs are the biggest contributor to growing traffic congestion in San Francisco. Between 2010 and 2016, weekday vehicle hours of delay increased by 62% compared to 22% in a counterfactual 2016 scenario without TNCs. The findings provide insight into expected changes in major cities as TNCs continue to grow, informing decisions about how to integrate TNCs into the existing transportation system.

JTRF Volume 56 No. 3, Fall 2017On-Demand, App-Based Ride Services: A Studyof Emerging Ground Transportation ModesServing Los Angeles International Airport (LAX)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Hermawan ◽  
Amelia C. Regan
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Nested Logit ◽  
Travel Times ◽  
Google Maps ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Access Mode ◽  
Transportation Network Companies

This research estimates and compares travel times and costs of transportation by Uber and Lyft (the latter are referred to here as transportation network companies or TNCs) against other forms of ground transportation to Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). Using estimated travel times and costs derived from Google Maps and other sources as well as the 2015 LAX air passenger survey, we develop estimates of airport ground transportation access mode choice decisions. Among other fi ndings, our preferred nested logit specifi cation implies that if TNC fares were to be raised to match the current cost of taking a taxi to the airport, demand for TNC’s would fall by 20.9% and 23.3% (relative to initial TNC shares) for business and leisure passengers, respectively.

Partnerships with Technology-Enabled Mobility Companies

2017 ◽  
Vol 2649 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marla Westervelt ◽  
Joshua Schank ◽  
Emma Huang
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Public Agencies ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Transportation Network Companies

The rise and the proliferation of the on-demand economy are creating a new mobility marketplace. This research explored how these new options could be synergistic with public transit models and detailed the experiences of two transit operators that entered into service delivery partnerships with a transportation network company and a micro-transit operator. Based on a series of interviews and the experiences of these two public agencies, this research provides a set of key takeaways and recommendations for transit operators exploring the potential of partnering with new mobility services such as transportation network companies (e.g., Uber or Lyft) and microtransit (e.g., Bridj or Via).

Public Transportation as Collaborative Art: MetroLink, St. Louis

1996 ◽  
Vol 1549 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Emily Blumenfeld ◽  
Tanya Yatzeck
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Visual Artists ◽  
Process Solutions

MetroLink—the St. Louis region's new 29-km (18-mi), 18-station light-rail system—is a collaborative work of public art. Civic leaders had the foresight to suggest that visual artists collaborate with architects and engineers in designing the infrastructure of the system. The Bi-State Development Agency had the courage to accept this first-of-its-kind initiative. Reaching for design excellence, artists became involved early in the design process of the largest public works project in the region. In January 1988, six visual artists were brought onto the MetroLink design team: Alice Adams (New York), Gary Burnley (New York, formerly St. Louis), Leila Daw (Boston, formerly St. Louis), Michael Jantzen (Los Angeles, formerly St. Louis), Anna Valentina Murch (San Francisco), and Jody Pinto (New York). The results of the MetroLink design team collaboration are evident along the entire alignment. Integration of station design, technical details, and right-of-way to develop a comprehensive look for the system was a consideration from the beginning of the process. Solutions to the design challenges are unique Y-shaped bridge piers and well-designed underground tunnel stations that maintain the character of the historic space. Unconventional passenger shelters for outdoor stations, intimate vehicle interiors, atypical framing of power substations, and preservation of original architectural remnants at some stations are also highlights of the collaboration. Art is integral with design—urban infrastructure is the work of art.

Uber Economics: Evaluating the Monetary and Travel Time Trade-Offs of Transportation Network Companies and Transit Service in Chicago, Illinois

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Schwieterman
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Public Transit ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Service Levels ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Transit Service ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Transportation Network Companies

The potential diversion of passengers from public transit to transportation network companies (TNCs) is attracting considerable attention in metropolitan regions. Despite this, relatively little microeconomic analysis has been made available to explore how service attributes affect choices between the services offered by TNCs and public transit. To fill this shortfall, this study evaluates prices and service levels for Lyft, Lyft Line, UberX, UberPool, and Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) services in Chicago. Analysis of 3,075 fares and estimated travel times for 620 trips in the 4- to 11-mile range shows TNCs tend to be relatively costly when expressed in relation to the additional amount spent per unit of time saved. The average traveler using these four TNC services, across the entire sample, spends the equivalent of $42–$108 per hour saved—well above the $14.95/hr. the U.S. Department of Transportation (U.S. DOT) recommends assigning to the average transit passenger when conducting analyses about the value of time. However, for travelers on business and those between locations poorly served by transit, including trips between neighborhoods with less transit service than the downtown district, the analysis shows a significant share of passengers will likely find TNCs cost-effective options based on the U.S. DOT standard. The approach taken illustrates how the mobility benefits and competitive issues associated with TNCs can be systematically evaluated by reviewing the price and travel time characteristics of each trip.

The “Japanese Turn” in Fine Dining in the United States, 1980–2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Samuel H. Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
San Francisco Bay Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Further Training ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Wide Acceptance

In the 1970s, Japanese cooks began to appear in the kitchens of nouvelle cuisine chefs in France for further training, with scores more arriving in the next decades. Paul Bocuse, Alain Chapel, Joël Robuchon, and other leading French chefs started visiting Japan to teach, cook, and sample Japanese cuisine, and ten of them eventually opened restaurants there. In the 1980s and 1990s, these chefs' frequent visits to Japan and the steady flow of Japanese stagiaires to French restaurants in Europe and the United States encouraged a series of changes that I am calling the “Japanese turn,” which found chefs at fine-dining establishments in Los Angeles, New York City, and later the San Francisco Bay Area using an ever-widening array of Japanese ingredients, employing Japanese culinary techniques, and adding Japanese dishes to their menus. By the second decade of the twenty-first century, the wide acceptance of not only Japanese ingredients and techniques but also concepts like umami (savory tastiness) and shun (seasonality) suggest that Japanese cuisine is now well known to many American chefs.

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