Efficiency Based Evaluation of Public Transport and Paratransit Systems with a View to Integrating Transportation

2020 ◽  
pp. 036119812098032
Author(s):  
Nandan H. Dawda ◽  
Hardik Gajera ◽  
Gaurang J. Joshi ◽  
Shriniwas S. Arkatkar ◽  
Sanjay Kumar M. Dave
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
System Level ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Route Design ◽  
Indian State ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual

Rapid urbanization, increasing population, and a booming economy have stimulated growth in Indian cites, resulting in higher levels of dependence on private vehicles. This has raised serious issues over the sustainability of transport infrastructure in cities. Public transportation (PT) systems can help achieve sustainable transportation. But they face competition from intermediate public transport (IPT) or Paratransit. The existing PT and IPT systems, therefore, need to re-plan their operations to complement each other and deliver a wider network of services. To achieve this, an evaluation of both PT and IPT systems at microscopic levels is needed to facilitate their possible integration in a coordinated multimodal transportation system. The present paper attempts to evaluate the public and paratransit systems in the city of Surat in the Indian state of Gujarat using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique in DEAP software at the individual and system level. The operations, route design, and cost efficiency of both systems are evaluated to understand how well the existing set-up caters to demand. The arithmetic mean of operations, route design, and cost efficiencies of 26 routes of PT system were worked out to be 0.89, 0.94, and 0.69, while that of the 13 routes of the IPT system were 0.92, 0.97, and 0.88 respectively. The system investigation shows that analytically, only 8% of IPT routes were inefficient in all the three aspects, compared with 42% of PT routes. The performance of each route was analyzed, appropriate suggestions made, and the potential of these systems for designing an integrated transport system highlighted.

scholarly journals Spatial Econometric Cross-Border Traffic Analysis for Passenger Cars – Hungarian Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-246
Author(s):  
Tibor Sipos ◽  
Zsombor Szabó ◽  
Árpád Török
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The role of cross-border commuting needs is remarkable, given that large cross-border cities tend to have high traffic attractiveness. Thus, agglomeration effects are strongly prevalent in populous settlements close to the border. This is due to the fact that both Hungary and the neighboring countries are burdened by spatial inequalities; therefore, the traffic at the individual border crossing points is unbalanced. Our aim is to show the extent to which the introduction of certain public transport modes contributes to the reduction of cross-border passenger car traffic. In order to do this, we have to set up a spatial econometric model that can simultaneously handle the parallel public transport infrastructure, the cross-border attractiveness of border cities, and the impact of spatial inequalities. The results of the research shed light on how the introduction of each means of transport contributes to increasing the competitiveness of border regions. This will demonstrate the effectiveness of policy tools that can improve the competitiveness of a given macroregion.

scholarly journals Evaluating Performance of Public Transport Networks by Using Public Transport Criteria Matrix Analytic Hierarchy Process Models—Case Study of Stonnington, Bayswater, and Cockburn Public Transport Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6949
Author(s):  
Gang Lin ◽  
Shaoli Wang ◽  
Conghua Lin ◽  
Linshan Bu ◽  
Honglei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Networks ◽  
Ahp Model

To mitigate car traffic problems, the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) issued a document that provides guidelines for sustainable development and the promotion of public transport. The efficiency of the policies and strategies needs to be evaluated to improve the performance of public transportation networks. To assess the performance of a public transport network, it is first necessary to select evaluation criteria. Based on existing indicators, this research proposes a public transport criteria matrix that includes the basic public transport infrastructure level, public transport service level, economic benefit level, and sustainable development level. A public transport criteria matrix AHP model is established to assess the performance of public transport networks. The established model selects appropriate evaluation criteria based on existing performance standards. It is applied to study the Stonnington, Bayswater, and Cockburn public transport network, representing a series of land use and transport policy backgrounds. The local public transport authorities can apply the established transport criteria matrix AHP model to monitor the performance of a public transport network and provide guidance for its improvement.

Analysis of the Public Transport Network of Shenyang as a Complex Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 433-435 ◽  
pp. 1370-1373
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Complex Network ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Small World ◽  
Transport Network ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Growth And Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Transportation Routes

The public transport infrastructure of a city is one of the most important indicators of its economic growth and development. Here we study the public transport network of Shenyang, which represents Chinese domestic civil public transport infrastructure, as a complex network. We find that the public transport system of Shenyang, a network of public transportation routes connected by bus links, is a small-world network characterized by a Poisson degree distribution. We investigate the public transport network as a complex network to explore its topological properties. Simulation results show that the public transport network exhibits small world behavior.

scholarly journals Accessibility Barriers and Perceived Accessibility: Implications for Public Transport

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Lars E. Olsson ◽  
Margareta Friman ◽  
Katrin Lättman
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Accessibility Barriers ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Individual

The ability to live the life one wants with public transport is one of the key factors of sustainable and inclusive societies. Given the current trend in the transport domain, providing accessible public transport is necessary in order to allow people to participate in their day-to-day activities without using a car. Using survey data obtained from Sweden, this study investigates factors that may have a negative effect on the perceived accessibility of public transportation in major city areas and other areas. Overall, regression analyses show that time and economic resources, organizational and temporal functions, frequent travel by public transport, and geographical context all act as accessibility barriers. These findings highlight the need not only to target increased mobility in urban environments, but also to turn the focus to the citizenry’s perceived accessibility. These findings point to implications for policies, planning and interventions targeted at accessible public transport. Adopting an accessibility-oriented approach to urban development, including the individual perspective, could be a pathway for creating a socially sustainable transport system.

scholarly journals Is India Financing Urban Transport in the Right Direction

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Transport issues in urban centers are rising at an exponential rate and are characterized by congestion, high motorized vehicles growth, vehicular and noise pollution, road accidents and parking space constraints. Present public transport and Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) modes are inefficient and do not cater to the needs of 31.23% of urbanized population in India, which is poised to grow up to 71% by 2031 (MoUD, 2015). Lack of accessibility in public transport and NMT has compelled commuters to opt for private transport modes such as two-wheelers and cars, in order to have access to work, education and other leisure activities. The paper aims to assess the finances allocated to urban transport system in the city of Pune under the jurisdiction of Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC). The authors intend to critically review the city budget and its contribution to sustainable modes of urban transport. The key research questions are: - a) whether the budget distributes enough revenue to enhance the efficiency and accessibility of public transport modes and NMT as guided in the National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) of 2006? b) does the local government continue to invest in temporary urban transport solutions catering to the needs of private modes of transportation? The research is based on secondary budget data of the year 2016-17 and the data so collected, has been analyzed on various financial parameters. The results show that PMC’s budget allocation is not favoring sustainable modes of transport as much as it is catering to other urban transport infrastructure and utilities. The study thereby suggests sufficient allocation of the city’s budget towards the creation of sustainable transportation. Lastly, the paper concludes with recommendation on ways of innovative financing methods to make public transport, sustainable and discusses various case studies of best practices followed globally pertaining to sustainable urban transport system.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH INDEKS WALKABILITY TERHADAP KEINGINAN BERJALAN KAKI DARI DAN MENUJU STASIUN TRANSPORTASI UMUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 737
Author(s):  
Reynaldo Bernard Khuana ◽  
Leksmono Suryo Putranto
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Walkability Index ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Two Factors

Although the construction of public transport infrastructure is underway, the poor quality of the pedestrian paths may result in users being reluctant to use public transport. Therefore, a method to find out the walking path according to the user's desire to travel is needed. This study aims to determine the factors formed and the influence of socials-demographic characteristics on the desire to walk to and from public transportation stations in Indonesia. The statements contained in the questionnaire were made based on the walkability index that has been used previously in several countries and confirmed by factor analysis. The results of the factor analysis showed that from the 13 variables tested, there were 4 variables which were reduced until the remaining 9 variables formed 2 factors. The two factors are the convenience factor and the practicality and safety factor. socials-demographic factors such as age, gender, walking frequency, walking distance, place of residence, walking purpose, and monthly expenses did not have a significant influence on the pleasantness factor as well as the practicability and safety factor.ABSTRAKMeskipun pembangunan infrastruktur transportasi umum sedang dilakukan, kualitas jalur pejalan kaki yang buruk dapat mengakibatkan pengguna enggan untuk menggunakan transportasi umum. Oleh karena itu suatu metode untuk mengetahui jalur perjalan kaki yang sesuai dengan keinginan berjalan pengguna sangatlah diperlukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang terbentuk dan pengaruh karakteristik sosial-demografis terhadap keinginan berjalan kaki dari dan menuju stasiun transportasi umum di Indonesia. Pernyataan-pernyataan yang terdapat dari kuesioner dibuat berdasarkan indeks walkability yang telah digunakan sebelumnya pada beberapa negara dan dikonfirmasi dengan analisis faktor. Hasil analisis faktor menunjukkan dari 13 variabel yang diuji terdapat 4 variabel yang direduksi hingga tersisa 9 variabel yang membentuk 2 faktor. Kedua faktor tersebut adalah faktor kenyamanan dan faktor kepraktisan dan keselamatan. faktor sosial-demografis seperti usia, jenis kelamin, frekuensi berjalan kaki, jarak kemampuan berjalan, tempat tinggal, tujuan berjalan, dan pengeluaran tiap bulan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap faktor kenyamanan maupun faktor kenyamanan dan keselamatan.

scholarly journals FUZZY ANALYSIS OF COMFORT ALONG TRAVEL CHAINS

Transport ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Lajos Kisgyörgy ◽  
János Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Ride Quality ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Information Safety ◽  
The Individual

The competitiveness of a travel chain largely depends on the travel conditions along the sequence of journeys within the chain. This paper shows a method to analyse and to optimize the service quality along a travel chain. Travel comfort is a very important qualitative feature of the public transportation service, where travel comfort is used in a broader sense to describe ride quality and transfer quality including mobility, information, safety, security, and naturally comfort aspects. The analysis of travel comfort in the literature regards public transportation services. Several synthetic indices, which consider user judgment about service aspects, were developed to describe travel comfort, and comprehensive analyses have been published. However, to describe the competitiveness of the public transport the focus from the individual services should be moved toward the integrated service of the travel chain from the beginning to the end. The characteristics of travel comfort along the travel chain should be described and the location and rate of necessary interventions should be identified. In this paper we analyse the travel comfort features of travel chains. This paper proposes a method, which describes the travel comfort characteristics with synthetic indices based on the individual comfort indices of travel components, and uses a fuzzy approach to give an overall analysis of comfort conditions along the travel chain. The proposed method helps to identify the quality fluctuation and the weak points of a travel chain and makes the attractiveness of alternative travel chains comparable. An illustrative case study was carried out for one of the major transportation corridor of Budapest (Hungary), to exemplify the approach, where the validity of the method was tested as well. The results confirmed the usefulness and applicability of the methodology; by its application very valuable insights can be gained regarding the location and type of the necessary interventions. The results of our research are helpful to evaluate the actual service level of sustainable alternatives of individual car usage and to promote modal shift towards sustainable transportation modes.

scholarly journals TRAVEL MODE CHOICE INTENTION IN REDUCING TRAFFIC CONGESTION IN KAJANG, SELANGOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Noratikah Wahidah Wan Ghazali ◽  
Zakiah Ponrahono ◽  
Syahriah Bachok ◽  
Amir Hamzah Sharaai ◽  
Noor Suzilawati Rabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mode Shift

The intentions behind a person’s choice of transportation mode is vital information to have in strategic planning for a sustainable transportation system, and is very useful in predicting the behaviours of people. This paper was conducted to identify people's preferences of public transport. Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) as the psychological determinant, three main indicators, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control (PBC), were explored to identify the mode choice of public transportation among the residents of Kajang. The data was obtained through questionnaires by employing a multistage sampling technique, where 348 respondents were approached. Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis showed that attitude was the dominant indicator among residents of Kajang for modes of public transport. This paper will contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the theory of mobility and travel behaviour, as well as act as baseline data for predicting people’s travel behaviour in future mode shift strategies dealing with everyday issues of traffic, such as congestion.

Investigating factors affecting the mode choices of commuters in Kuwait city & surrounding urban areas: Strategies for a higher quality and more sustainable public transport system

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Esraa Jamal ◽  
David Scott ◽  
Ahmed Idris ◽  
Gordon Lovegrove
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Transportation Problems ◽  
Transportation Projects

Abstract This paper reports on the social, cultural, and demographic factors affecting Kuwaiti commuters. The objectives were to 1) investigate the awareness of Kuwaitis of transportation problems, 2) examine the perceptions of Kuwaitis of daily traffic congestion and how it affects them emotionally and physically, and the main objective 3) study the attitudes of Kuwaitis towards using public buses. An online survey was used to examine these factors, and a sample of five hundred transportation system users was obtained. The primary findings showed significant associations between the use of public transport buses and the user’s nationality, gender, age, education, and income level. Men are 2.6 times more likely to use buses, and non-Kuwaiti residents are 6.4 times more likely to use them. In relation to the perceptions of daily traffic congestion, findings indicate that with increase in travel time, commuters, in general, developed more negative feelings, such as exhaustion and stress. A large proportion of the sample population is aware of current local transportation problems and future transportation projects. The results of this study fill a gap in the knowledge of the socioeconomic and cultural factors that influence the success of sustainable public transportation solutions to the traffic challenges found in Kuwait. This knowledge is also crucial to foreign consultants working on planning and transportation projects in the region. It is recommended that officials use this new knowledge on cultural factors to develop integrated land use and transportation plans of the urban areas in Kuwait and to develop more effective and sustainable transportation demand management policies in support of UN Sustainable Development Goals that Kuwait has signed up to pursue.

The Use of Public Transport in Coastal Australia: Modes of Travel to Work and Greenhouse Emissions

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 4034-4044
Author(s):  
Simone Leao ◽  
Hisham Elkadi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Greenhouse Emissions ◽  
Public Transportation System

Commuting to work is one of the most important and regular routines of transportation in towns and cities. From a geographic perspective, the length of people’s commute is influenced, to some degree, by the spatial separation of their home and workplace and the transport infrastructure. The rise of car ownership in Australia from the 1950s to the present was accompanied by a considerable decrease of public transport use. Currently there is an average of 1.4 persons per car in Australia, and private cars are involved in approximately 90% of the trips, and public transportation in only 10%. Increased personal mobility has fuelled the trend of decentralised housing development, mostly without a clear planning for local employment, or alternative means of transportation. Transport sector accounts for 14% of Australia’s net greenhouse gas emissions. Without further policy action, Australia’s emissions are projected to continue to increase. The Australian Federal Government and the new Department of Climate Change have recently published a set of maps showing that rising seas would submerge large parts of Victoria coastal region. Such event would lead to major disruption in planned urban growth areas in the next 50 years with broad scale inundation of dwellings, facilities and road networks. The Greater Geelong Region has well established infrastructure as a major urban centre and tourist destination and hence attracted the attention of federal and state governments in their quest for further development and population growth. As a result of its natural beauty and ecological sensitivity, scenarios for growth in the region are currently under scrutiny from local government as well as development agencies, scientists, and planners. This paper is part of a broad research in the relationship between transportation system, urban form, trip demand, and emissions, as a paramount in addressing the challenges presented by urban growth. Progressing from previous work focused on private cars, this present paper investigates the use of public transport as a mode for commuting in the Greater Geelong Region. Using a GIS based interaction model, it characterises the current use of the existing public transportation system, and also builds a scenario of increased use of the existing public transportation system, estimating potencial reductions in CO2 emissions. This study provides an improved understanding of the extent to which choices of transport mode and travel activity patterns, affect emissions in the context of regional networks. The results indicate that emissions from commuting by public transportation are significantly lower than those from commuting by private car, and emphasise that there are opportunities for large abatment in the greenhouse emissions from the transportation sector related to efforts in increasing the use of existing public transportation system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document