scholarly journals Presence and Predictive Value of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Anxiety and Depressive Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieke Klein Hofmeijer-Sevink ◽  
Neeltje M. Batelaan ◽  
Harold J. G. M. van Megen ◽  
Marcel A. van den Hout ◽  
Brenda W. Penninx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
First Onset ◽  
A Current

Objective: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) co-occur frequently with anxiety and depressive disorders, but the nature of their relationship and their impact on severity of anxiety and depressive disorders is poorly understood. In a large sample of patients with anxiety and depressive disorders, we assessed the frequency of OCS, defined as a Young Adult Self-Report Scale–obsessive-compulsive symptoms score >7. The associations between OCS and severity of anxiety and/or depressive disorders were examined, and it was investigated whether OCS predict onset, relapse, and persistence of anxiety and depressive disorders. Methods: Data were obtained from the third (at 2-year follow-up) and fourth wave (at 4-year follow-up) of data collection in the Netherlands Study of Anxiety and Depression cohort, including 469 healthy controls, 909 participants with a remitted disorder, and 747 participants with a current anxiety and/or depressive disorder. Results: OCS were present in 23.6% of the total sample, most notably in those with current combined anxiety and depressive disorders. In patients with a current disorder, OCS were associated with severity of this disorder. Moreover, OCS predicted (1) first onset of anxiety and/or depressive disorders in healthy controls (odds ratio [OR], 5.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15 to 29.14), (2) relapse in those with remitted anxiety and/or depressive disorders (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.55 to 3.46), and (3) persistence in patients with the combination of current anxiety and depressive disorders (OR, 4.42; 95% CI, 2.54 to 7.70) within the 2-year follow-up period Conclusions: OCS are closely related to both the presence and severity of anxiety and depressive disorders and affect their course trajectories. Hence, OCS might be regarded as a course specifier signaling unfavorable outcomes. This specifier may be useful in clinical care to adapt and intensify treatment in individual patients.

The long-term course of depressive disorders in the Lundby Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
CECILIA MATTISSON ◽  
MATS BOGREN ◽  
VIBEKE HORSTMANN ◽  
POVL MUNK-JÖRGENSEN ◽  
PER NETTELBLADT
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Alcohol Disorders ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
First Onset ◽  
The Lundby Study

Background. The Lundby Study is a longitudinal cohort study on a geographically defined population consisting of 3563 subjects. Information about episodes of different disorders was collected during field investigations in 1947, 1957, 1972 and in 1997. Interviews were carried out about current health and past episodes since the last investigation; for all subjects information was also collected from registers, case-notes and key informants. This paper describes the course and outcome of 344 subjects who had their first onset of depression during the follow-up.Method. In this study individuals who had experienced their first episode of depression were followed up. Their course was studied with regard to recurrence of depression related to duration of follow-up, transition to other psychiatric disorders including alcohol disorders, as well as incidence and risk factors of suicide.Results. Median age at first onset of depression was around 35 years for individuals followed up for 30–49 years. The recurrence rate was about 40% and varied from 17% to 76% depending on length of follow-up. Transition to diagnoses other than depression was registered in 21% of the total sample, alcohol disorders in 7% and bipolar disorder in 2%. Five per cent committed suicide; male gender and severity of depression were significant risk factors.Conclusion. The low rates of recurrence and suicide suggest a better prognosis for community samples than for in- and out-patient samples.

Profiles of Psychosocial and Clinical Functioning in Adolescence and Risk for Later Depression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M Olino ◽  
Daniel Klein ◽  
John Seeley
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

Background: Most studies examining predictors of onset of depression focus on variable centered regression methods that focus on effects of multiple predictors. In contrast, person-centered approaches develop profiles of factors and these profiles can be examined as predictors of onset. Here, we developed profiles of adolescent psychosocial and clinical functioning among adolescents without a history of major depression. Methods: Data come from a subsample of participants from the Oregon Adolescent Depression Project who completed self-report measures of functioning in adolescence and completed diagnostic and self-report measures at follow-up assessments up to approximately 15 years after baseline. Results: We identified four profiles of psychosocial and clinical functioning: Thriving; Average Functioning; Externalizing Vulnerability and Family Stress; and Internalizing Vulnerability at the baseline assessment of participants without a history of depression at the initial assessment in mid- adolescence. Classes differed in the likelihood of onset and course of depressive disorders, experience of later anxiety and substance use disorders, and psychosocial functioning in adulthood. Moreover, the predictive utility of these classes was maintained when controlling for multiple other established risk factors for depressive disorders. Conclusions: This work highlights the utility of examining multiple factors simultaneously to understand risk for depression.

Obsessive–compulsive symptoms in anxiety and depressive disorders: Influence of recent and/or traumatic life events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arantxa Orozco Sanmartín ◽  
Narcís Cardoner ◽  
Cristina F. Aragón ◽  
Salvador Ruiz-Murugarren ◽  
María Vicens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Life Events

The structure and dimensionality of the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self Report (IDS-SR) in patients with depressive disorders and healthy controls

2010 ◽  
Vol 125 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 146-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas J. Wardenaar ◽  
Tineke van Veen ◽  
Erik J. Giltay ◽  
Margien den Hollander-Gijsman ◽  
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Healthy Controls

The incidence of first-onset depression in a population followed from the age of 70 to 85

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1159-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. PÁLSSON ◽  
S. ÖSTLING ◽  
I. SKOOG
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Refusal Rate ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Background. Due to the limited data available, it is not clear whether the incidence of first-onset depression varies with age in the elderly.Methods. A representative sample of individuals born 1901–2 (N = 392) was examined at the ages of 70, 75, 79, 81, 83 and 85 years by psychiatrists using a semi-structured schedule. Information on depressive episodes was also collected from self-report and examination of case records. Depression was diagnosed according to the DSM-III-R criteria.Results. The incidence of depression was 12 per 1000 person-years in men and 30 per 1000 person-years in women between the ages of 70 and 85 (sex difference P = 0·001). The incidence increased from 17 per 1000 person-years (men 8·7, women 23·2, P = 0·007) between the ages of 70 and 79 to 44 per 1000 person years (men 27·0, women 52·8, P = 0·166) between 79 and 85 (age difference: RR 2·6, P < 0·001; men RR 3·1, P = 0·036; women RR 2·3, P = 0·003) . A diagnosis of depression was associated with increased mortality and refusal rate during the 15-year follow-up. Previous episodes of depression were associated with an increased risk of further episodes. The prevalence of depression increased from 5·6% at the age of 70 to 13·0% at the age of 85. The lifetime prevalence of depression was 23% in men and 45% in women.Conclusions. Both the incidence and prevalence of depression increased with age in this longitudinally followed birth cohort, and the incidence was higher in women than in men.

Thought–Action Fusion in Schizophrenia: A Preliminary Investigation

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Berle ◽  
Alex Blaszczynski ◽  
Danielle A. Einstein ◽  
Ross G. Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Thinking Styles ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Magical Ideation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Thought Action Fusion ◽  
Larger Sample

AbstractThought–action fusion (TAF), a belief that one's thoughts can either increase the likelihood of a given event or imply the immorality of one's character, is associated with a range of disorders, but has not yet been investigated in relation to psychosis. We sought to determine whether TAF beliefs are endorsed by individuals with chronic schizophrenia. Twenty-seven adults with chronic schizophrenia completed self-report measures of TAF, magical ideation, delusional beliefs and obsessive–compulsive symptoms. Scores were compared with a gendermatched nonclinical group (n = 27) and associations between self-report measures were investigated for the chronic schizophrenia sample. TAF Likelihood–Others, magical ideation and obsessive–compulsive symptoms were endorsed to a greater extent by those with chronic schizophrenia than by controls. The participants with chronic schizophrenia however, did not generally endorse TAF statements at level greater than ‘neutral’. TAF Moral, magical ideation and obsessive– compulsive symptoms were associated with scores on the delusional beliefs measure. We conclude that TAF beliefs may not especially characterise the thinking styles of those with schizophrenia. These findings await replication using a larger sample.

Plasma prolactin response to d-fenfluramine is blunted in bulimic patients with frequent binge episodes

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 975-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. MONTELEONE ◽  
F. BRAMBILLA ◽  
F. BORTOLOTTI ◽  
C. FERRARO ◽  
M. MAJ
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽  
Plasma Prl

Background. Abnormalities of brain serotonin (5-HT) transmission have been implicated in the pathophysiology of bulimia nervosa (BN), but no conclusive data have yet been provided. The purpose of this study was to assess 5-HT transmission via the measurement of the prolactin (PRL) response to the specific 5-HT releasing agent d-fenfluramine (d-FEN) in both patients with BN and comparison subjects.Methods. According to a double-blind placebo-controlled design, plasma PRL response to d-FEN was measured in 14 drug-free bulimics and 14 matched healthy controls. In both patients and controls, eating-related psychopathology, depressive and obsessive–compulsive symptoms, and aggressiveness were measured by rating scales.Results. Baseline plasma levels of PRL and 17β-oestradiol were significantly reduced in bulimic patients, whereas basal plasma levels of cortisol did not significantly differ from healthy controls. PRL response to d-FEN was not different between patients and controls as groups, but it was significantly blunted in bulimics with high frequency bingeing ([ges ]2 binge episodes per day; N=7) as compared to both those with low frequency bingeing ([les ]1 binge episode per day; N=7) and matched controls. A significant negative correlation emerged between the frequency of binge episodes and the hormone response to d-FEN. Moreover, although patients scored higher than healthy subjects on rating scales assessing depressive and obsessive–compulsive symptoms and aggressiveness, no significant correlation was found between these measures and the PRL response to d-FEN.Conclusions. These results support the idea that serotonin transmission is impaired in bulimic patients with frequent binge episodes.

scholarly journals Problematic Internet Use in Children and Adolescents: Associations with psychiatric disorders and impairment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Restrepo ◽  
Tohar Scheininger ◽  
Jon Clucas ◽  
Lindsay Alexander ◽  
Giovanni Salum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Problematic Internet Use

Abstract Background Problematic internet use (PIU) is an increasingly worrisome issue, as youth population studies are establishing links with internalizing and externalizing problems. There is a need for a better understanding of psychiatric diagnostic profiles associated with this issue, as well as its unique contributions to impairment. Here, we leveraged the ongoing, large-scale Child Mind Institute Healthy Brain Network, a transdiagnostic self-referred, community sample of children and adolescents (ages 5-21), to examine the associations between PIU and psychopathology, general impairment, physical health and sleep disturbances.Methods A total sample of 564 (190 female) participants between the ages of 7-15 (mean = 10.80, SD = 2.16), along with their parents/guardians, completed diagnostic interviews with clinicians, answered a myriad of self-report questionnaires, and underwent physical testing as part of the Healthy Brain Network protocol.Results PIU was positively associated with depressive disorders (aOR = 2.34; CI: 1.18-4.56; p = .01), the combined subtype of ADHD (aOR = 1.79; CI: 1.08-2.98; p = .02), greater levels of impairment (Standardized Beta = 4.79; CI: 3.21-6.37; p < .01) and increased sleep disturbances (Standardized Beta = 3.01; CI: 0.58-5.45; p = .02), even when accounting for demographic covariates and psychiatric comorbidity.Conclusions The association between PIU and psychopathology, as well as its impact on impairment and sleep disturbances, highlight the urgent need to gain an understanding of mechanisms in order to inform public health recommendations on internet use in U.S. youth.

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