Black and Latino Adolescents’ Self-Regulation: Placing College Preparedness in Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 074355842110645
Author(s):  
Christine Pajunar Li-Grining ◽  
Amanda L. Roy ◽  
Jinyoung Koh ◽  
Amanda Boyer ◽  
Maria Radulescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
College Preparedness ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Black And Latino

Students from minoritized backgrounds, who disproportionately face higher poverty rates, are more likely to encounter risk factors, which tend to undermine individuals’ broader well-being by compromising self-regulatory processes. Yet, sociocultural theory highlights the presence of minoritized families’ cultural wealth. Consistent with a focus on assets, it is notable that college enrollment rates have increased among Black and Latino students in the U.S. Using a mixed methods approach, the current study integrated asset and risk frameworks, in order to advance knowledge on the context of minoritized teens’ college preparedness, defined here as making decisions and taking action steps toward college. Participants included low-income, predominantly Black and Latino families with adolescents ( n = 344). First, drawing from the voices of families, we examined responses to open-ended questions about aspirations, supports, and challenges. Salient themes included social-emotional and social-cultural factors. Indicators of cumulative contextual risk and cumulative individual risk were based on the qualitative data. Second, we tested whether the linkage from cumulative risk indices to teens’ college preparedness occurred via various dimensions of self-regulation (i.e., lower impulsivity, more cognitive control, and better organization skills), net of background characteristics. Adolescents’ organization skills were a significant mediator. Possible next steps for research are discussed.

Characteristics of resilient youths living in poverty: The role of self-regulatory processes

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN C. BUCKNER ◽  
ENRICO MEZZACAPPA ◽  
WILLIAM R. BEARDSLEE
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Monitoring Study ◽  
Low Income Families

As part of a larger investigation of very low income families, this study examined the characteristics that differentiated resilient from nonresilient school-age youths, with a focus on self-regulation (e.g., executive function, emotion regulation) skills. Resilience was operationally defined in a robust and comprehensive manner using well-established instruments that measured children's emotional well-being and mental health. Controlling for other explanatory variables, including differences in the experience of negative life events and chronic strains, resilient youths were notably different from nonresilient youths in terms of having greater self-regulatory skills and self-esteem, as well as in receiving more active parental monitoring. Study findings are discussed with regard to the theoretical framework of self-regulation and their implications for preventive intervention.

Regulatory, motivational, and personality features of younger adolescents with positive dynamics of psychological well-being

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Fomina ◽  
◽  
Y. A. Ishmuratova ◽  
E. V. Filippova
Keyword(s):  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Educational Motivation ◽  
Motivational Profile ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

The authors present their analysis of data obtained in the longitudinal study on the specifics of the regulatory, intrapersonal and motivational characteristics of adolescents with positive dynamics of psychological well-being. The sample consisted of the Russian schoolchildren (N = 98) examined twice with 1-year interval: in the 5th, then in the 6th grade. Diagnostics of the psychological well-being level by means of the Well-Being Manifestation Measure Scale allowed to distinguish a group of students characterized by the positive dynamics of well-being at a given period of time (N = 75). The features of self-regulation, attitudes towards learning, academic motivation, and personality characteristics of these students were then identified and described. Conscious self-regulation was assessed using Morosanova’s Self-Regulation Profile of Learning Activity Questionnaire. It was shown that self-regulation in this group of children is characterized by a harmonious profile with well-developed regulatory processes. The specifics of academic motivation were analyzed using the Scales of Academic Motivation of Schoolchildren. It was established that intrinsic motivation, despite a slight overall decrease in the level of educational motivation at this period of schooling, stably exceeds the level of ineffective external types of educational motives in the motivational profile of these children. Considering the specifics of personality traits (according to the results of the Big Five Questionnaire — Children version method) revealed that pupils with positive dynamics of psychological well-being are characterized by high values of extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience, accompanied by the low neuroticism level. The results obtained indicate a positive trajectory of the subjective activity formation in these adolescents and their successful adaptation to the changing educational environment.

scholarly journals Stress of Language Brokering and Mexican American Adolescents’ Adjustment: The Role of Cumulative Risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-425
Author(s):  
Yishan Shen ◽  
Eunjin Seo ◽  
Dorothy Clare Walt ◽  
Su Yeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Language Brokering ◽  
Adjustment Problems

This study focused on early adolescents’ stress of language brokering and examined the moderating role of family cumulative risk in the relation of language brokering to adjustment problems. Data came from self-reports of 604 low-income Mexican American adolescent language brokers (54% female; [Formula: see text]= 12.4; SD = 0.97; 75% born in the United States) and their parents (99% foreign-born) in central Texas. Path analyses revealed that brokering stress, but not frequency, was positively associated with adolescents’ adjustment problems, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, and delinquency. We also found that the relation between stress of brokering for mothers and adolescents’ depressive symptoms was stronger among families with a high cumulative risk. Further, with a high cumulative risk, adolescents exhibited delinquent behaviors regardless of the levels of stress from translating for fathers. Current findings underscore the importance of examining family contexts in assessing the consequences of language brokering for Mexican American early adolescents’ well-being.

The Ecology of Urban Violence: Its Relationship to Health Promotion Behaviors in Low-Income Black and Latino Communities

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathy Sanders-Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Promotion Behaviors ◽  
Health Promotion Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Latino Communities ◽  
Black And Latino

Purpose. The purpose of this review is to identify and examine relationships between exposure to violence and health promotion behaviors in low-income black and Latino groups. Design. Based on computer surveys of the psychologic, public health, medical, and sociologic literature, approximately 90 previous studies of the impact of exposure to violence on psychologic functioning, perceptions of health and well-being, and health decisions and behavior were identified. This article reviews those studies that examine the relationships between experiences of violence and subsequent feelings of alienation, powerlessness, and hopelessness, and perceptions of health and well-being and studies that examine relationships between alienation, hopelessness, and powerlessness and health promotion behaviors. Studies of health promotion behavior that did not examine or address the impact of exposure to violence are not reviewed in this article. Results. Violence affects low-income communities directly by contributing to rates of mortality, and indirectly by affecting health promotion behaviors. Exposure to violence can result in feelings of powerlessness, hopelessness, and alienation that significantly limit motivation, the extent of involvement, and persistence in overcoming barriers to health promotion behavior. Conclusions. Future researchers must consider the confounding effects of exposure to violence when investigating differences in health promotion behaviors for low-income black and Latino groups. Community empowerment programs that address the impact of violence and focus on developing control over life and health outcomes may be needed to successfully address the effect of violence on health promotion behavior in low-income, black and Latino communities.

scholarly journals Emotion-based preventive intervention: Effectively promoting emotion knowledge and adaptive behavior among at-risk preschoolers

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 1353-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy J. Finlon ◽  
Carroll E. Izard ◽  
Adina Seidenfeld ◽  
Stacy R. Johnson ◽  
Elizabeth Woodburn Cavadel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Classroom Climate ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotion Knowledge ◽  
Child Assessment

AbstractEffectiveness studies of preschool social–emotional programs are needed in low-income, diverse populations to help promote the well-being of at-risk children. Following an initial program efficacy study 2 years prior, 248 culturally diverse Head Start preschool children participated in the current effectiveness trial and received either the Emotion-Based Prevention Program (EBP) or the I Can Problem Solve (ICPS) intervention. Pre- and postdata collection included direct child assessment, teacher report, parent interview, and independent observations. Teachers implementing the EBP intervention demonstrated good and consistent fidelity to the program. Overall, children in EBP classrooms gained more emotion knowledge and displayed greater decreases in negative emotion expressions and internalizing behaviors across the implementation period as compared to children in ICPS classrooms. In addition, cumulative risk, parental depressive symptoms, and classroom climate significantly moderated treatment effects. For children experiencing more stress or less support, EBP produced more successful outcomes than did ICPS. These results provide evidence of EBP sustainability and program effectiveness, as did previous findings that demonstrated EBP improvements in emotion knowledge, regulation skills, and behavior problems replicated under unsupervised program conditions.

scholarly journals Technology to Support Self-Regulation in Older Adulthood: Insights From Design to Implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 124-124
Author(s):  
Shannon Meija ◽  
Hans-Werner Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Across the lifespan, individuals adapt to change through the careful monitoring and adjustment of goals, demands, and performance—processes of self-regulation. Technology in support of self-regulatory processes may compensate for deficiencies in the ability to set, monitor, and work toward goals. Our purpose in this symposium is to forward the discourse on how health technology—from design to implementation—can assist older adults in their efforts to support their health and well-being in daily life. Our symposium begins with design considerations for technologies that support processes of information seeking, reflection, and action. Chin presents a process for designing conversation agents that guide dialogues with older adults to support informal self-regulated learning of health information. Nie and colleagues synthesize the literature on visual feedback to provide a framework that illustrates how visual design elements can link feedback to action. The symposium continues with papers that speak to older adults’ experiences using technology to accomplish their goals. Mejía and colleagues use insight from older adults who had self-assessed their balance for 30 consecutive days to explore themes of self-monitoring accuracy and feedback preferences. Francis and colleagues use data from the Detroit-based Social Relations Study to illustrate how technology use and its implications vary when older adults engage with their weaker social ties. The symposium will conclude with a discussion led by Wahl, who will situate the papers, and the discourse on health technology design and application, within lifespan developmental and action perspectives on aging.

A Goal-Centered, Self-Regulatory Model of Motivation and Its Relevance for Advancing the Study of Chronic Pain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Karoly
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Joint Influence ◽  
Facilitative Role ◽  
Goal Cognition ◽  
Adaptive Resilience

This chapter presents an account of goal constructs and of self-regulatory processes as critical mediators and/or moderators of chronic pain’s effects on diverse aspects of human performance and adjustment. The joint influence of goal cognition and the assorted mechanisms of self-regulation provides a unique platform for adaptive failure or vulnerability when operating at low levels of effectiveness and efficiency, and for adaptive resilience when functioning at its peak. Organized around a motivational model dubbed the Goal-Centered, Self-Regulatory, Automated, Social Systems Psychology (GRASSP) perspective, the chapter considers the nature, functioning, and measurement of goals and a variety of potentially supportive regulatory mechanisms. Illustrating the explanatory and heuristic potency of a motivational framework, the chapter addresses both the deleterious effects of persistent pain on goal-related thinking and striving and the facilitative role of effective goal-based self-regulation in maintaining day-to-day performance and well-being in the face of chronic pain.

scholarly journals What the COVID-19 Pandemic Reveals about Racial Differences in Child Welfare and Child Well-Being: An Introduction to the Special Issue

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Zachary Parolin
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Latino Children ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Food Insufficiency ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Black And Latino

AbstractThis paper introduces the special issue on race, child welfare, and child well-being. In doing so, I summarize the evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in child well-being after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent findings demonstrate that, compared to white children, black and Latino children are more likely to have experienced poverty and food insufficiency, to have had parents lose their jobs, and to be exposed to distance learning and school closures during the pandemic. I argue that though COVID-19 has indeed worsened racial/ethnic disparities in child well-being, it has also served to place a spotlight on the American welfare state’s historical mistreatment of low-income families and black and Latino families in particular. Consider that around three-fourths of black and Latino children facing food insufficiency during the pandemic also experienced food insufficiency prior to the onset of the pandemic. Moving forward, analyses of racial/ethnic disparities in child well-being during the pandemic, I argue, must not only consider the economic shock and high unemployment rates of 2020, but the failure of the American welfare state to adequately support jobless parents, and black and Latino parents in particular, long before the COVID-19 pandemic arrived.

Intraindividual Variability and Stability of Affect and Well-Being

GeroPsych ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Röcke ◽  
Annette Brose
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Underlying Processes

Whereas subjective well-being remains relatively stable across adulthood, emotional experiences show remarkable short-term variability, with younger and older adults differing in both amount and correlates. Repeatedly assessed affect data captures both the dynamics and stability as well as stabilization that may indicate emotion-regulatory processes. The article reviews (1) research approaches to intraindividual affect variability, (2) functional implications of affect variability, and (3) age differences in affect variability. Based on this review, we discuss how the broader literature on emotional aging can be better integrated with theories and concepts of intraindividual affect variability by using appropriate methodological approaches. Finally, we show how a better understanding of affect variability and its underlying processes could contribute to the long-term stabilization of well-being in old age.

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