Differential Acceptance of Advance Directives Between Millennials and Baby Boomer Generations: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study Among College Students and Their Relatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 082585972110627
Author(s):  
Yia-Wun Liang ◽  
Yu-Hsiu Lin ◽  
Su-Ting Chen
Keyword(s):  
Advance Directives ◽  
Baby Boomer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baby Boomer Generation ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government

Background: This study aims to explore the differentials of knowledge and attitude of advance directives (ADs) between millennials and baby boomer generations, and the effects of the intention to sign the advance directives. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from 325 students in a health-related college of a University of Science and Technology in Taiwan, and their parents, as total of 226, who are baby boomers. The statistical methods include descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results: Only 10 people from the 2 generations signed an AD. The multivariate logistic regression showed that baby boomer generation, AD knowledge, and AD attitude were significant positive associate of willingness to sign AD in the future. Conclusions: The government may enhance promotion of ADs among millennials and improve the connection between millennials’ knowledge of and attitude toward ADs, and their AD signing behavior.

scholarly journals Expectations of citizens from the government in response to COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Zarei ◽  
Saeed Shahabi ◽  
Ahmad Kalateh Sadati ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Seyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background The government is the main body in charge of controlling epidemics; hence, expectations from the intention and capacities of the government would affect the flexibility and behaviors of citizens. Given the severity of COVID-19 pandemic and the urgent need for cooperation of people in the prevention and combat processes, understanding the public perspectives would be crucial and instructive. This study aimed to explore such perspectives towards the current pandemic among the Iranian. Indeed, we sought to provide a favorable platform for effective policies in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic through recognizing public expectations. Methods This cross-sectional survey used an open-ended online questionnaire to investigate the common perspectives of the Iranian towards the response of government to COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were selected using snowball and convenient sampling techniques across the country. The collected data were analyzed and described using a thematic analysis. Results In general, 2547 participants agreed to participate in this study and completed the online questionnaire. According to the findings, the Iranian exhibited several expectations regarding the response of the government to COVID-19 pandemic. Three main themes were extracted based on these expectations: (1) health-related expectations, (2) policy-related expectations, and (3) Information-related expectations. In this study, a majority of participants highlighted the need to consider and follow-up the patients and their families, providing the financial and hygiene support during the pandemic, applying strict restrictions, and using close monitoring and controlling procedures. Furthermore, they mentioned that authorities and news agencies should observe the principals honesty and transparency. Conclusions Our findings revealed that people expect the government and other responsible institutions to minimize the burden of this pandemic through adopting effective policies. Also, they could help policy-makers become aware of the expectations of people and develop better strategies.

scholarly journals Citizens’ Expectations from Government in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Zarei ◽  
Saeed Shahabi ◽  
Ahmad Kalateh Sadati ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Seyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background: The government is the main body in charge of controlling epidemics; hence, expectations from government’s intention and capacity would affect citizens’ behavior and flexibility. Given the severity of COVID-19 pandemic and an urgent need for people's cooperation in the prevention and combat processes, understanding the public perspectives would be crucial and instructive. This study aimed to explore such perspectives towards the current pandemic among the Iranian. Indeed, we sought to provide a favorable platform for effective policies in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic by recognizing public expectations.Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey and text data were collected in three areas. We used an open-ended online questionnaire to investigate the common perspectives of the Iranian towards government’s response to COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were selected using snowball and convenient sampling techniques across the country. The collected data were analyzed and described using thematic content analysis. Results: In general, 2547 participants agreed to participate in this study and completed the online questionnaire. According to the findings, the Iranian exhibited several expectations regarding the government's response to COVID-19 pandemic, based on which three main themes were extracted: (1) health-related expectations, (2) policy-related expectations, and (3) mass media-related expectations. In this study, a majority of the participants highlighted the need to consider and follow-up the patients and their families, provide financial and hygiene support during the pandemic, apply strict restrictions, and have close monitoring and controlling procedures. Furthermore, they mentioned that authorities and news agencies should observe honesty and transparency principals.Conclusions: Our findings revealed that people expect the government and other responsible institutions to minimize the burden of this pandemic on them through adopting effective policies. The study findings could help policy-makers become aware of people's expectations and develop better strategies.

Knowledge and attitude about tobacco use among school personnel in Bangalore South-a Cross Sectional Study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Dr. Padma K Bhat ◽  
Dr. Sushma S G ◽  
Dr. Jayachandra M Y
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government

Background: Tobacco use is so addictive among youth and is one of the global epidemics which require constant monitoring and timely appropriate action to prevent usage. School personnel play one of the main roles in taking appropriate action. Aim: To assess knowledge and attitude of tobacco use pattern among school personnel in Bangalore city. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out for a period of six months from May to October 2017. Stratified cluster sampling was done to include the government and English medium schools in Bangalore south. All the school personnel in the selected schools were eligible to participate. The data collection tool was GSPS questionnaire (WHO FCTC Tobacco Control). Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact Test was used to demonstrate cross tabulation with confidence intervals. Significance level of 0.05 was considered for statistical analyses Results : Majority of both Kannada and English medium school personnel did not use any forms of tobacco. Both the English and Kannada medium school personnel were aware of the addictive effect of tobacco, but majority of the Kannada medium personnel said second hand smoke is not harmful as compared to their counterparts. Conclusion: Tobacco use among school personnel was low. Most of the school personnel were informed about the addictive nature of tobacco.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude towards the practice of temporary contraceptive methods among pregnant women attending a teaching hospital in Puducherry

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 4845
Author(s):  
Ananthi Kasinathan ◽  
Himabindu Nagulapally
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
National Family Planning ◽  
The Media ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government ◽  
Gandhi Medical College

Background: Knowledge and access to contraception is the basic right of every woman. This is one of the goals of National family planning programme. This study gauges the knowledge of antenatal women about temporary contraceptive methods available in our outpatient department and their attitude towards its practice.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at Indira Gandhi medical college and research institute, Puducherry, between March 2019 to May 2019. 270 pregnant women were chosen and with their consent, using a predesigned questionnaire, their awareness regarding contraception was assessed. Then each participant was counselled regarding the various methods and their attitude towards choosing a temporary contraceptive method was assessed using a questionnaire. The data was entered in SPSS software and analyzed.Results: In this study, 88.8% belonged to 20-30 years, 77% had received school education and 80.3% were home makers. 72.9% were primigravidas. 55.8% of primis and 95.8% of multis knew about spacing. In primis, 67.5% knew about IUCDs. In multis, 95.8% knew about condoms. Knowledge of depo provera was poor. The most preferred contraceptive was condom followed by CuT and pills.Conclusions: This study shows that it is important to create awareness about temporary contraceptive methods and its free availability in the hospitals. Further pregnant women need to be given more information about oral pills, emergency and injectable contraceptive methods. The Government has to work in unison with hospitals and its staff along with the media to achieve this goal.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychological Distress of Medical Students in Japan: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshito Nishimura ◽  
Kanako Ochi ◽  
Kazuki Tokumasu ◽  
Mikako Obika ◽  
Hideharu Hagiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Subjective Mental Health

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected medical education. However, little data are available about medical students’ distress during the pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide details on how medical students have been affected by the pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 717 medical students participated in the web-based survey. The survey included questions about how the participants’ mental status had changed from before to after the Japanese nationwide state of emergency (SOE). RESULTS Out of 717 medical students, 473 (66.0%) participated in the study. In total, 29.8% (141/473) of the students reported concerns about the shift toward online education, mostly because they thought online education would be ineffective compared with in-person learning. The participants’ subjective mental health status significantly worsened after the SOE was lifted (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Those who had concerns about a shift toward online education had higher odds of having generalized anxiety and being depressed (odds ratio [OR] 1.97, 95% CI 1.19-3.28) as did those who said they would request food aid (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.16-3.44) and mental health care resources (OR 3.56, 95% CI 2.07-6.15). CONCLUSIONS Given our findings, the sudden shift to online education might have overwhelmed medical students. Thus, we recommend that educators inform learners that online learning is not inferior to in-person learning, which could attenuate potential depression and anxiety.

scholarly journals Factors influencing compliance to the infection control precautions among nurses and physicians in Jordan: A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysa Nofal ◽  
Maha Subih ◽  
Mahmoud Al-Kalaldeh
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Nurses And Physicians ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Adherence to infection control precautions (ICP) is important to reduce the transmission of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Aims: To determine nurses and physician’s knowledge, attitude and compliance to ICPs and factors associated with reported compliance. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of nurses and physicians recruited from three hospitals at three different healthcare sectors in Jordan. Three instruments were used to assess knowledge, attitudes and compliance to ICPs. Findings: A total of 211 professionals completed the survey: 155 nurses and 56 physicians. Both groups had low knowledge scores for ICP but a high positive attitude. Although both groups had high reported compliance scores, nurses scores were higher ( P = 0.04). Participants from the private hospital had higher knowledge and compliance scores. Length of experience, knowledge and attitude were significant predictors of reported compliance to ICPs. Discussion: Despite poor knowledge, Jordanian healthcare professionals reported high scores for positive attitudes and compliance with IPCs. Clinical training programmes are required to enhance knowledge and understanding of IPCs.

scholarly journals A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF DIET & LIFESTYLE IN PREVALENCE OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN FEMALES - AN AYURVEDIC PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2971-2974
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar K ◽  
Sudhakar P Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle ◽  
Female Subjects

Background: In India, 42 million people are suffering from thyroid disorders, out of which hypothyroidism is most common with a prevalence of 5.4%. It is more prevalent among females with the male-female ratio being 1:6. Hypothyroidism is a clinical syndrome resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormones, which in turn results in a generalized slowing down of metabolic processes. Impaired metabolism can be compared with vitiation of Agni causing Agnimandhya according to Ayurveda. Agnimandhya further hampers the formations of Ahara Rasa and consecutive Dhatus Nirmana, diminishing the metabolism, thereby causing features similar to hypothyroidism. The objective of the Study: To assess the impact of diet & lifestyle on the prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Females. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional survey study. A total of 150 female subjects were selected for the study. With the help of a validated pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire, the interview was conducted on female subjects diagnosed with Hypothyroidism to assess the impact of diet and lifestyle on the prevalence of Hypothy- roidism in and around Mysuru city. Result: In the survey study, the majority of the hypothyroidism diagnosed subjects followed unhealthy daily regimes and the majority percentage of them practised unwholesome diet, food habits and lifestyle. Diet and lifestyle have a direct influence on the occurrence of hypothyroidism. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is a metabolic disorder is mainly caused by Agni Mandhya and Rasa Pradoshaja as a result of faulty diet and lifestyle. One should follow Dincharya, Rutucharya and other Ayurveda principles to protect the Agni and thereby prevent Hypothyroidism. The practice of Ahita Ahara Vidhi and Ahita Vihara in the manifestation of Agnimandhya, followed by the development of features of hypothyroidism was substantiated by the result of the survey. Keywords: Hypothyroidism; Diet; Lifestyle; Agnimandhya; Rasa Pradoshaja Vikara.

scholarly journals Predictors of quality of life of older persons in rural Uganda:  A cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Maniragaba ◽  
Betty Kwagala ◽  
Emmanuel Bizimungu ◽  
Stephen Ojiambo Wandera ◽  
James Ntozi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Background: Little is known about the quality of life of older persons (OPs) in Uganda in particular, and Africa in general. This study examined factors associated with quality of life of older persons in rural Uganda. Method: We performed a cross-sectional survey of 912 older persons from the four regions of Uganda. Data were analyzed at univariate, bivariate and multivariate level where ordinal logistic regression was applied. Results: Older persons in northern (OR=0.39; CI=0.224-0.711) and western (OR=0.33; CI=0.185-0.594) regions had poor quality of life relative to those in central region. Those who were HIV positive had poor quality of life (OR=0.45; CI=0.220-0.928) compared to those who were HIV negative. In contrast, living in permanent houses predicted good quality of life (OR=2.04; CI=1.391-3.002). Older persons whose household assets were controlled by their spouses were associated with good quality of life (OR=2.06;CI=1.032-4.107) relative to those whose assets were controlled by their children. Conclusion: Interventions mitigating the HIV and AIDS related Quality of life should target older persons. The government of Uganda should consider improving housing conditions for older persons in rural areas.

scholarly journals THE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS PREECLAMPSIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING BANADIR AND MEDINA HOSPITALS IN MOGADISHU-SOMALIA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdinasir Abdullahi jama
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Statistical Inferences ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
The Government ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Sampling Probability

Abstract Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, most often the liver and kidneys. It occurs as early as 20 weeks of the pregnancyAim the aim of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitude towards preeclampsia among pregnant women attending Banadir and Medina hospitals in Mogadishu-Somalia.Method: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Mogadishu Somalia. Systematic random sampling probability technique was carried out in 2 hospitals to recruited 384 women. Well-structured questionnaires were filled by participants who gave their consent. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences version 21. Descriptive data were generated and statistical inferences tested using the chi-square method with the level of significance set at 5%.Result The age of the respondents was between to14-50 with a mean age of the 32.49±5.9.the found that 54.3% of the participant were don’t know the preeclampsia. The women know poor diet as a cause of the preeclampsia, final the prevalence of preeclampsia in Banadir state, Somalia was 43%.Conclusion: The study recommended to the government of Somalia to generate both health education to the pregnant mother and increase the level of education of mother by offering free education to the women, in Somalia.

scholarly journals An Experience Survey Report on Post Caesarean Complications among Young Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-266
Author(s):  
Saumya P Jose ◽  
Tobin Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Survey Report ◽  
Caesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Experience Survey

Aim: To assess the post caesarean complications among young women through a survey study. Background: Caesarean section delivery has many adverse effects in the post natal period and later including pain, muscle weakness, reduced endurance, adverse reactions from anaesthesia and difficulty in breast feeding. There are several studies reported the health-related complications following caesarean section. However it is not been fully understood the various complications and its reasons. Design: An explorative cross sectional survey study. Method: participants were identified based on the inclusion criteria. Information on caesarean section delivery related complications and experience were gathered. Conclusion: The complications following the caesarean survey may increase the risk of physical difficulties, incidence of lower back pain, reduced abdominal strength, and difficulty in selfcare activities. Keywords: caesarean delivery, complications, child labour, Postpartum period pain.

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