From Victim to Offender: How Nuisance Property Laws Affect Battered Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1103-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen W. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Battered Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Nuisance Law

Nuisance property laws, which fine people for excessive 911 calls, have become increasingly popular in cities of all sizes. However, research into how these laws affect battered women is still in its early stages. This research study was designed to address the question of whether nuisance property laws harm battered women and, if so, how. Using a qualitative research design, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 primarily low-income African American battered women in St. Louis metropolitan area who had come into contact with a nuisance property law because of domestic violence. Interviews addressed circumstances of contact with a nuisance law, the response of law enforcement officials, and how the law affected the participant’s housing, ability to call 911, sense of safety, finances, access to health care, and family stability. Using a multi-stage qualitative analytic procedure, each transcript was coded for themes and then descriptive categories developed for each theme. The data demonstrate that nuisance property laws harm victims of domestic violence in several ways, including by hindering their access to safe and secure housing, discouraging them from calling 911, increasing their vulnerability to violence, and compounding the trauma of the intimate partner violence. This research also reveals ways in which nuisance laws reinforce gender, race, and class inequality. The findings show that nuisance property laws enhance the abuser’s power over his victim, hold victims accountable for the abuse, exacerbate the class- and race-based risks many battered women already face, and obscure the real crime of domestic violence. Policy makers need to be informed of these consequences so that they can take action to reform nuisance laws.

Domestic Violence and Poverty

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilze Slabbert
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Abused Women ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Low Income Families

Purpose: Domestic violence poses a major challenge to social workers. Low-income families are significantly more likely to have to contend with domestic violence, as poverty can act as a fuelling factor in this type of conflict. The objective of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of low-income abused women. Method: A qualitative research approach was followed to explore and describe the phenomenon of low-income abused women. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to obtain 20 participants. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews. The data were categorized into four themes. Results: Domestic violence and poverty are issues that some women might experience. Low-income abused women are especially more vulnerable to domestic violence and poverty limits choices and resources. Conclusion: Domestic violence and poverty should be seen in a serious light. Social workers should recognise the complexity and correlation between domestic violence and poverty.

A New Factor Solution for the Domestic Violence–Related Financial Issues Scale (DV-FI)

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051986088
Author(s):  
Carolyn Copps Hartley ◽  
Lynette M. Renner ◽  
Caitlin Ward
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Economic Abuse ◽  
Financial Issues

Economic abuse is a distinct form of intimate partner violence (IPV); yet, few measures of economic or financial factors exist. Weaver, Sanders, Campbell, and Schnabel’s Domestic Violence–Related Financial Issues Scale (DV-FI) was developed to assess the role of financial-related issues in an individual’s experiences of IPV as well as perceptions of financial self-efficacy and the future role that financial issues will play in one’s sense of financial security. Despite its relevance to research focused on IPV, only portions of the DV-FI have been used in a handful of studies. The original factor analysis of the DV-FI identified five subscales within a shelter-based sample of impoverished, predominantly African American women. The DV-FI demonstrated good psychometric properties at the time of development; yet, to our knowledge, the factor structure of this measure has not been evaluated with another sample. Given the importance of identifying economic abuse and financial self-efficacy among women who experience IPV, it is essential to have a reliable and valid measure of these constructs. In this article, we describe the results of a confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis of the DV-FI using a community sample of 150 predominantly White, low-income women seeking civil legal services. We identified a four-factor solution of the DV-FI. Our findings provide support for the Financial Self-Efficacy subscale as a domain-specific measure of financial self-efficacy among women who experience IPV, but further validation is needed to explain the divergent findings for the remaining factors.

scholarly journals Household food sources and diarrhoea incidence in poor urban communities, Accra Ghana

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245466
Author(s):  
Reuben Tete Larbi ◽  
D. Yaw Atiglo ◽  
Maame B. Peterson ◽  
Adriana A. E. Biney ◽  
Naa Dodua Dodoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Food Environment ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Global South ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Diarrhoeal Diseases

Diarrhoeal diseases remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in poor urban communities in the Global South. Studies on food access and safety have however not considered the sources of discrete food categories and their propensity to harbour and transmit diarrhoeal disease pathogens in poor urban settings. We sought to contribute to knowledge on urban food environment and enteric infections by interrogating the sources and categories of common foods and their tendency to transmit diarrhoea in low-income communities in Accra. We modelled the likelihood of diarrhoea transmission through specific food categories sourced from home or out of home after controlling for alternate transmission pathways and barriers. We used structured interviews where households that participated in the study were selected through a multi-stage systematic sampling approach. We utilized data on 506 households from 3 low-income settlements in Accra. These settlements have socio-economic characteristics mimicking typical low-income communities in the Global South. The results showed that the incidence of diarrhoea in a household is explained by type and source of food, source of drinking water, wealth and the presence of children below five years in the household. Rice-based staples which were consumed by 94.5% of respondents in the week preceding the survey had a higher likelihood of transmitting diarrhoeal diseases when consumed out of home than when eaten at home. Sources of hand-served dumpling-type foods categorized as “staple balls” had a nuanced relationship with incidence of diarrhoea. These findings reinforce the need for due diligence in addressing peculiar needs of people in vulnerable conditions of food environment in poor urban settlements in order to reap a co-benefit of reduced incidence of diarrhoea while striving to achieve the global development goal on ending hunger.

scholarly journals Husband’s Alcohol Use, Intimate Partner Violence, and Family Maltreatment of Low-Income Postpartum Women in Mumbai, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (14) ◽  
pp. 2241-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Wagman ◽  
Balaiah Donta ◽  
Julie Ritter ◽  
D. D. Naik ◽  
Saritha Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Husbands’ alcohol use has been associated with family-level stress and intimate partner violence (IPV) against women in India. Joint family systems are common in India and IPV often co-occurs with non-violent family maltreatment of wives (e.g., nutritional deprivation, deprivation of sleep, blocking access to health care). Alcohol use increases for some parents following the birth of a child. This study examined 1,038 postpartum women’s reports of their husbands’ alcohol use and their own experiences of IPV (by husband) and non-violent maltreatment from husbands and/or in-laws. We analyzed cross-sectional, quantitative data collected in 2008, from women (ages 15-35) seeking immunizations for their infants <6 months at three large urban health centers in Mumbai, India. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models estimated associations between the independent variable (husbands’ past month use of alcohol) and two dependent variables (postpartum IPV and maltreatment). Overall, 15% of husbands used alcohol, ranging from daily drinkers (10%) to those who drank one to two times per week (54%). Prevalence of postpartum IPV and family maltreatment was 18% and 42%, respectively. Prevalence of IPV among women married to alcohol users was 27%. Most abused women’s husbands always (27%) or sometimes (37%) drank during violent episodes. Risk for IPV increased with a man’s increasing frequency of consumption. Women who lived with a husband who drank alcohol, relative to non-drinkers, were more likely to report postpartum IPV, aOR = 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [1.3, 3.1]. Husbands’ drinking was marginally associated with increased risk for family maltreatment, aOR = 1.4, 95% CI = [1.0, 2.1]. Our findings suggest that men’s alcohol use is an important risk factor for postpartum IPV and maltreatment. Targeted services for Indian women contending with these issues are implicated. Postpartum care offers an ideal opportunity to screen for IPV, household maltreatment, and other health risks, such as husband’s use of alcohol. There is need to scale up proven successful interventions for reducing men’s alcohol use and design strategies that provide at-risk women protection from alcohol-related IPV.

Counseling Heterosexual Women Arrested for Domestic Violence: Implications for Theory and Practice

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kevin Hamberger ◽  
Theresa Potente
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Battered Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Mandatory Arrest ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
Domestically Violent ◽  
Court Mandated

With increasing emphasis in recent years on mandatory arrest for partner violence, there has been a concomitant increase in the number of females arrested for assaulting their partners. The present paper describes the process one community experienced to understand and appropriately intervene with women who had been arrested for domestic violence and referred to court-mandated treatment. Issues related to conceptualization of the problem, identifying intervention goals and defining the intervention targets were discussed. Research with the community sample of domestically violent indicated most were motivated by a need to defend themselves from their partner’s assaults, or are retaliating for previous batterings. As such, the intervention focused on issues of victimization and oppression. It is further suggested that intervention programs for domestically violent women must take place in the context of a broader community intervention which involves training and interaction with law enforcement and criminal justice agencies to determine criteria for arrest and prosecution of battered women when they fight back to protect themselves.

scholarly journals Incidencia política de las OSC de California para la protección de mujeres inmigrantes víctimas de violencia doméstica

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Anel Esmeralda Ortiz Alavez ◽  
David Rocha Romero
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Battered Women ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Female Victims ◽  
Mujeres Inmigrantes

The aim of this research was to characterize the assistance given to Mexican immigrant female victims of domestic violence by identifying the actions of CSOs in Los Angeles County, CA, in order to analyze whether they impact local development or not. The study employed a qualitative methodology based on grounded theory and used theoretical sampling, collecting data through semi-structured interviews. It was found that these CSOs have become agents of development, fulfilling a vital role and exerting public and political influence to empower battered women. They also achieved the creation of DART, a program to help battered women, and pushed for the implementation of Law SB 674, which requires that police issue a certification in cases of domestic violence.

scholarly journals Domestic Violence Intimate Partner Violence Male-Identified Latino Diaspora Participants Program Experiences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Vallecilla
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Healthy Relationships ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Court Mandated

Domestic Violence Intimate Partner Violence with Male Identified Latino Diaspora participants research was to give a voice to a group of men who committed violence against their partners and provide them an opportunity to talk about who they are, where they learned to be who they are, and how they were impacted by mandatory court programs. Before this study, no significant research had been done on the experiences of Latino Diaspora men within the Greater Toronto Area. The theoretical and methodological lens utilized Critical Race Theory and Latino Critical Theory. Three semi-structured interviews were conducted with male-identified individuals who completed court mandated programs within the Greater Toronto Area in the last five years. The outcomes were an improved understanding about the benefits and gaps that still exist within the mandatory court programs. Findings present much-needed information and consideration about the benefits of linguistic specific supports and the needs for greater educational supports related to healthy relationships.

“Pay Attention to Me”: Children’s Subjective Perceptions of the Process of Leaving Home With Their Mothers to Shelters for Battered Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 107780121989042
Author(s):  
Anat Vass ◽  
Muhammad M. Haj-Yahia
Keyword(s):  
Battered Women ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Leaving Home ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
Children’S Exposure

Extensive research has been conducted on the effects of children’s exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV). Nonetheless, there is a dearth of research on children’s subjective perception of the process of leaving their home with their mother to shelters for battered women. Based on thematic analysis of in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 32 Israeli 7- to 12-year-old children, the results revealed the following three main themes: violence against the mother in general, the way they left for the shelter, and the reasons and circumstances of leaving the home and community. The results are discussed in light of the cognitive-structural framework.

scholarly journals Domestic Violence on Women and its Implications on their Health

sjesr ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-385
Author(s):  
Saira Siddiqui ◽  
Nabeela Farah ◽  
Syed Kazam Hussain Shah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Human Rights Abuse ◽  
Stage Process

Violence against women is a severe violation of human rights and ranging from domestic and intimate partner violence to sexual harassment and assault. It is widely recognized as a serious human rights abuse. Violence has substantial consequences on women’s health. To evaluate the effects of domestic abuse and violence on the physical and mental health of women a study was conducted in district Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Data were drawn from 222 women. Sampling was carried out using the multi-stage process of random sampling. Survey method was used for data collection and Statistical methods such as chi-square, correlation, linear and multiple regressions were used to analyze the data in this study. The findings showed a significant relationship between the physical and mental health of women due to domestic violence. This study emphasizes the need for justified women empowerment and a multidisciplinary approach to develop health measures, which will effectively address the problem of domestic violence.

scholarly journals Domestic Violence Intimate Partner Violence Male-Identified Latino Diaspora Participants Program Experiences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Vallecilla
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Critical Race Theory ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Healthy Relationships ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Court Mandated

Domestic Violence Intimate Partner Violence with Male Identified Latino Diaspora participants research was to give a voice to a group of men who committed violence against their partners and provide them an opportunity to talk about who they are, where they learned to be who they are, and how they were impacted by mandatory court programs. Before this study, no significant research had been done on the experiences of Latino Diaspora men within the Greater Toronto Area. The theoretical and methodological lens utilized Critical Race Theory and Latino Critical Theory. Three semi-structured interviews were conducted with male-identified individuals who completed court mandated programs within the Greater Toronto Area in the last five years. The outcomes were an improved understanding about the benefits and gaps that still exist within the mandatory court programs. Findings present much-needed information and consideration about the benefits of linguistic specific supports and the needs for greater educational supports related to healthy relationships.

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