Prevalence and Determinants of Physical Violence and Its Impact on Birth Outcomes During Pregnancy in India: Evidence From a Nationally Representative Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093850
Author(s):  
Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Karthika Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Southern States ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Violence During Pregnancy ◽  
Nationally Representative

Physical violence during pregnancy can have negative impact on health status of mother and fetus. Hence, the current study was done to determine the prevalence and determinants of physical violence and its impact on birth outcomes during pregnancy in India. We have analyzed the most recent National Family Health Survey 4 data (NFHS-4) gathered from Demographic Health Survey (DHS) program. Stratification (urban/rural) and clustering (villages/census enumeration blocks [CEBs]) in the sample design was accounted using svyset command. In total, 62,165 ever pregnant women aged 15 to 49 years were included. Prevalence of physical violence during pregnancy in India was 3.3%. Husband/partner (2.7%) was the person most commonly responsible. Women who were widowed/separated/divorced (aPR = 1.88), belonging to the poorest quantile (aPR = 2.32), women who were employed (aPR = 1.42), women in the Southern states (aPR = 3.24), and women whose husband/partner has lesser educational qualification (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 2.02) had significantly higher prevalence of physical violence during pregnancy ( p < .001). Women who faced physical violence had significantly higher proportion of miscarriage (4.3%), abortion (3.3%), and stillbirth (1.1%) when compared with women who did not face any violence (4.1% had miscarriage, 1.8% had abortion, and 0.5% had stillbirth; p < .001). These findings show the importance of providing general supportive measures and strengthen the existing punitive legislations to prevent the violence during pregnancy.

Preference for Private Sector for Vaccination of Under-Five Children in India and Its Associated Factors: Findings from a Nationally Representative Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokul Sarveswaran ◽  
Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Manikandanesan Sakthivel ◽  
Karthiga Vijayakumar ◽  
Shanthosh Priyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Private Health Facility ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background Understanding the factors associated with private sector preference for vaccination will help in understanding the barriers in seeking public facility and also the steps to improve public–private partnership (PPP) model. Methods We analysed the recent National Family Health Survey-4 data (NFHS-4; 2015–16) gathered from Demographic Health Survey programme. Stratification and clustering in the sample design was accounted using svyset command. Results Weighted proportion of children receiving private vaccination was 10.0% (95% CI: 9.7–10.3). Children belonging to highest wealth quantile (adjusted Prevalence ratio; aPR-1.58), male child (aPR-1.07) urban area (aPR-1.11), not receiving anganwadi/Integrated Childhood Development Services (aPR-1.71) and receiving antenatal care in private sector was significantly associated with higher proportion of private vaccination. Conclusion Current study showed that 1 in 10 <5 years child in India received vaccination from private health facility. Preference for private health facility was found to be influenced by higher socio-economic strata, urban area residence and seeking private health facility for antenatal and delivery services.

Physical, emotional and sexual violence faced by spouses in India: evidence on determinants and help-seeking behaviour from a nationally representative survey

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2019-213266
Author(s):  
Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Karthika Ganesh ◽  
Karthiga Vijayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Married Women ◽  
P Value ◽  
Spousal Violence ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Women In India

ObjectiveThe current study was done to determine the prevalence, determinants, disclosure status and help-seeking behaviour of spousal violence using a nationally representative sample of ever-married women in India.MethodsWe have analysed the most recent National Family Health Survey-4 data (2015–2016) gathered from the Demographic Health Survey programme. Stratification and clustering in the sample design were accounted using svyset command. Point estimates were reported as proportions with 95% CI.ResultsA total of 66 013 ever-married women aged 15–49 years were included. Lifetime prevalence of spousal violence in India was 31% (95% CI 30.4% to 31.7%). Physical violence was the most common form accounting for 27.4% of victims followed by emotional (12.7%) and sexual violence (6.7%). Higher women’s age, Muslim religion, low education, employed women, lower socioeconomic status, presence of substance use among women and husbands, lower education and unemployed husbands, history of family violence and women in Central and Eastern states had a significant association with one or more forms of spousal violence with significant p value. Prevalence of help-seeking behaviour among women who faced spousal violence in India was 13.5% (95% CI 12.8% to 14.2%). Widowed/separated/divorced women, employed and highly educated women, and women in Northern states had significantly higher prevalence of help-seeking behaviour with respect to all the forms of spousal violence (p<0.001).ConclusionOne in three women in India faces spousal violence. Only 1 in 10 women seeks help following violence. Efforts should be made to ensure people working in formal institutions screen for spousal violence and know how to respond to women facing it.

Factors associated with home birth in Peru: An analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey, 2019 (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackeline Huapaya-Torres ◽  
Yuly Santos-Rosales ◽  
Victor Moquillaza-Alcantara
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Home Birth ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

BACKGROUND Home birth is a traditional practice related to perinatal complications; however, its distribution in the country and its determinants are unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the proportion and factors associated with home birth in Peru, 2019. METHODS Cross-sectional analytical design study where the 2019 Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey was analyzed. The association was evaluated using Poisson Regression, supplemented with the crude prevalence ratio (cPR) and adjusted (aPR). RESULTS The records of 18,401 women were evaluated, where 5.39% (95%CI:4.83-6.03%) presented home birth. The probability of a home birth occurs increases when the pregnant woman is from the andean (aPR:1.24; 95%CI:1.02-1.48) and amazon region (aPR:1.38; 95%CI:1.16-1.64), resides in rural areas (aPR:3.34; 95%CI:2.61-4.29), presents less than 6 prenatal care (aPR:1.66; 95%CI:1.39 -1.96), it is very poor (aPR:9.62; 95%CI:5.13-18.1) or poor (aPR:2.39; 95%CI:1.26-4.52), it has not studied (aPR:2.66; 95%CI:2.02-3.50) or reached primary education (aPR:2.18: 95%CI:1.85-2.58) and has 2 children (aPR:1.64; 95%CI:1.46-1.85) or 3 or more children (aPR:2.18; 95%CI:1.67-2.87). On the other hand, having higher educational instruction (aPR:0.49; 95%CI:0.31-0.78) is associated with a lower probability of a home birth. CONCLUSIONS There is a low proportion of home births; however, this indicator increases significantly according to various geographical, sociodemographic, and obstetric factors that have been identified.

scholarly journals Factors associated with home birth in Peru: An analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey, 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackeline Huapaya-Torres ◽  
Yuly Santos-Rosales ◽  
Victor Moquillaza-Alcantara
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Home Birth ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Obstetric Factors ◽  
Crude Prevalence

Objective: To determine the proportion and factors associated with home birth in Peru, 2019. Material and methods: Cross-sectional analytical design study where the 2019 Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey was analyzed. The association was evaluated using Poisson Regression, supplemented with the crude prevalence ratio (cPR) and adjusted (aPR). Results: The records of 18,401 women were evaluated, where 5.39% (95%CI:4.83-6.03%) presented home birth. The probability of a home birth occurs increases when the pregnant woman is from the andean (aPR:1.24; 95%CI:1.02-1.48) and amazon region (aPR:1.38; 95%CI:1.16-1.64), resides in rural areas (aPR:3.34; 95%CI:2.61-4.29), presents less than 6 prenatal care (aPR:1.66; 95%CI:1.39 -1.96), it is very poor (aPR:9.62; 95%CI:5.13-18.1) or poor (aPR:2.39; 95%CI:1.26-4.52), it has not studied (aPR:2.66; 95%CI:2.02-3.50) or reached primary education (aPR:2.18: 95%CI:1.85-2.58) and has 2 children (aPR:1.64; 95%CI:1.46-1.85) or 3 or more children (aPR:2.18; 95%CI:1.67-2.87). On the other hand, having higher educational instruction (aPR:0.49; 95%CI:0.31-0.78) is associated with a lower probability of a home birth. Conclusions: There is a low proportion of home births; however, this indicator increases significantly according to various geographical, sociodemographic, and obstetric factors that have been identified.

scholarly journals Food Insecurity and the Negative Impact on Brazilian Children’s Health—Why Does Food Security Matter for Our Future Prosperity? Brazilian National Survey (PNDS 2006/07)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Poblacion ◽  
John T. Cook ◽  
Leticia Marín-León ◽  
Ana Maria Segall-Corrêa ◽  
Jonas A. C. Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background: Food insecurity (FI) refers to limited or uncertain access to food resulting from financial constraints. Numerous studies have shown association between FI and adverse health outcomes among adults and children around the world, but in Brazil, such information is scarce, especially if referring to nationally representative information. Objective: To test for an independent association between FI and health outcomes. Methods: Most recent Brazilian Demographic and Health Survey using nationally representative complex probability sampling. Participants were 3923 children <5 years of age, each representing a household. Data from the validated Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale were dichotomized as food secure (food security/mild FI) or food insecure (moderate FI/severe FI). Poisson regression was used to test for associations between FI and various health indicators. Results: Models adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic variables showed that children hospitalized for pneumonia or diarrhea were 30% more prevalent in FI households (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]: 1.3; 1.1-1.6). Underweight children were 40% more prevalent in FI households (aPR: 1.4; 1.1-1.7). Children who didn’t eat meat and fruits and vegetables every day were 20% and 70% more prevalent in FI households (aPR: 1.2; 1.1-1.4 and aPR: 1.7; 1.3-2.3), respectively. Conclusion: Children who grow up in food-insecure households have been shown to have worse health conditions than those in food-secure households. Consequently, their human capital accumulation and work–life productivity are likely to be reduced in the future, leading them into adulthood less capable of generating sufficient income, resulting in a cycle of intergenerational poverty and FI.

scholarly journals Physical violence during pregnancy in Peru: Proportion, geographical distribution, and associated factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Joselyn Nuñez-Ochoa ◽  
Victor Hugo Moquillaza-Alcantara ◽  
Clara Margarita Diaz Tinoco
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Violence During Pregnancy

ABSTRACTObjectiveEstimate the proportion, geographic distribution and sociodemographic factors associated with physical violence during pregnancy between 2016 and 2018.Material and methodsSecondary analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey, which included respondents whether they presented physical violence during pregnancy in the last 12 months.ResultsThe proportion of physical violence was 9,9% [95%CI:9,6–10,4%] during 2016, 9,2% [95%CI:8,8–9,6%] during 2017 and 8,6% [95%CI:8,3–8,9%] during 2018, The regions with the highest proportion were Puno, Arequipa and Apurímac during the 3 years. Among the associated factors, the residue in rural areas (RP:0,49; p=0,011) and be “very rich” (RP:0,63; p=0,029) was protective; while they were at risk of not presenting studies (RP:1,87; p=0,014), the cohabiting marital status (RP:1,51; p=0,001), separated (RP:3,56; p<0,001), showing an age between 40 a 49 years (RP:1,79; p=0,012) and that partner drinks alcohol (RP:1,61; p<0,001).ConclusionThe proportion of violence in Peru has been decreasing. The factors that predispose this phenomenon are the wealth index, educational level, marital status, and the age of the pregnant woman.

scholarly journals An Epidemiology of Self-Reported Cancer among women in India: A Decomposition Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Singh ◽  
Ayantika Biswas ◽  
Parul Puri
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Women In India

Abstract Background Cancer is a leading cause of adult deaths globally. It has a death toll of 7,84,821 people from India in 2018 alone. Huge underlying regional and sectoral (urban-rural) variations, extending to lifestyles and variations in age-specific death rates compels assessment of the geographical and social distribution is essential to frame cancer control programmes.Methods National Family Health Survey (2015-16) data (also called the Demographic Health Survey of India) has been used for this study. Results The results of the concentration indices show an overall concentration of cancer towards the richer quintiles. For the socially deprived groups, it is concentrated among the richer quintiles, while for the socially non-deprived groups, it is concentrated among the poorer quintiles. The P80/P20 ratio for cancer incidence is 0.83. The decomposition of the concentration index shows a significant contribution from women hailing from the socially deprived groups of the population.Conclusion A comprehensive strategy to combat chronic diseases like cancer includes actions minimizing exposure to risk factors at the population level, as well as reducing the risk for individuals at the higher risk level and can aid in furnishing early, medium-term and long-term effects.

Maternal Education and Child Mortality Differentials: An Upshot From the National Family Health Survey 2015–2016, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 003022281986040
Author(s):  
Salim Mandal ◽  
Pradip Chouhan
Keyword(s):  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Family Health ◽  
National Family Health Survey ◽  
Mortality Differentials ◽  
National Family ◽  
Maternal Educational Level ◽  
Nationally Representative

Child mortality is a sociodemographical problem in India. Although nationally representative survey (National Family Health Survey) showed child mortality was gradually declining, that was not satisfactory, and child mortality differentials prevailed all over India. The study intended to identify the effect of maternal educational level along with some sociodemographical determinants on the mortality of their children. The study was run through bivariate association and logistic regression using the data from National Family Health Survey-4 (2015–2016). Findings declared that maternal education had significantly high influence (odds ratio: no education 3.9, primary 2.9, secondary 1.8; adjusted odds ratio: no education 2.9, primary 2.3, secondary 1.6) on child mortality in the Indian context.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document