Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis is a Separate Entity: Con

There is controversy with respect to the issue that encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a separate entity from simple sclerosis (SS), which is the uniform change of the peritoneum on peritoneal dialysis. These following ideas support the notion that the development of EPS is connected with pathology that is not the same as that responsible for SS: ( 1 ) EPS is a rare disorder, ( 2 ) certain factors are involved with the etiology, ( 3 ) the clinical background of the patients is not uniform, and ( 4 ) the histopathological findings of EPS are different from those of SS. There are pitfalls in these concepts and they need be revised. This paper discusses the issue against the idea that EPS is a separate entity, supporting the idea that it has a strong connection with SS in its primary pathophysiology.

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Fluid Status and its Management in Japanese Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686080602600204 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 144-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Masaaki Nakayama

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Fluid Overload ◽

Complementary Therapy ◽

High Salt Diet ◽

Salt Diet ◽

Fluid Status ◽

Low Sodium ◽

Clinical Background ◽

Patient Prognosis ◽

Drug Therapy Combination

This article reviews published studies related to fluid status of Japanese peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and its impact on technique and patient survival. In addition, some specifics related to clinical background that potentially influence fluid status are described. According to a multi-center survey conducted in Japan, nearly 25% of Japanese PD patients are overhydrated. Available data indicate that a high salt diet may conceivably play an important role in the pathogenesis of fluid overload in Japanese PD patients, and it in turn negatively impacts patient prognosis. Because of the generally adopted policy among Japanese PD experts to avoid regular use of 3.86% glucose solution, icodextrin solution is now used in more than one third of all patients. Other means of managing fluid overload, such as drug therapy, combination (complementary) therapy with hemodialysis, and low sodium PD solution, are also explored and summarized in this article.

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Ultrastructure of the lesion induced by toxin T-514 isolated from K. humboldtiana in the alveolar region of the lung

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010012360x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 640-641

Author(s):

Julio Sepúlveda-Saavedra ◽

Beatriz González-Corona ◽

Víctor A. Tamez Rodríguez ◽

Ma. Victoria Bermúdez de Rocha ◽

Alfredo Piñeyro López

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Macaca Fascicularis ◽

Osmium Tetroxide ◽

Lead Citrate ◽

Severe Damage ◽

Thin Sections ◽

Alveolar Region ◽

Histopathological Findings

It has been shown in previous studies that the toxin T-514 isolated from K. humboldtiana induces severe damage to the lung in treated rodents. Histopathological findings include edema, and alveolar hemorrage. However, the ultraestructure of the lesion has not been investigated. In this study we used two species of rodents: Hamster and guinea pig, and a primate: Macaca fascicularis. Animals received different single dosis of the toxin via intraperitoneal. Control animals received only the vehicle (propylen glycol). Inmediately after spontaneous death, lung samples were fixed in Karnovsky-Ito fixative, post fixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in epon. Thin sections were prepared with an Ultratome V LKB, stained with uranly acetate and lead citrate, and studied in an electron microscope Zeiss-EM109.

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Scanning Electron Microscopy of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Adherence to Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100119429 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 520-521

Author(s):

William J. Lamoreaux ◽

David L. Smalley ◽

Larry M. Baddour ◽

Alfred P. Kraus

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Sterile Saline ◽

Intravascular Devices ◽

Capd Patient ◽

Scanning Electron

Infections associated with the use of intravascular devices have been documented and have been reported to be related to duration of catheter usage. Recently, Eaton et al. reported that Staphylococcus epidermidis may attach to silastic catheters used in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) treatment. The following study presents findings using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of S. epidermidis adherence to silastic catheters in an in vitro model. In addition, sections of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) dialysis bags were also evaluated by SEM.The S. epidermidis strain RP62A which had been obtained in a previous outbreak of coagulase-negative staphylococcal sepsis at local hospitals was used in these experiments. The strain produced surface slime on exposure to glucose, whereas a nonadherent variant RP62A-NA, which was also used in these studies, failed to produce slime. Strains were grown overnight on blood agar plates at 37°C, harvested from the surface and resuspended in sterile saline (0.85%), centrifuged (3,000 rpm for 10 minutes) and then washed twice in 0.1 M phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.0. Organisms were resuspended at a concentration of ca. 106 CFU/ml in: a) sterile unused dianeal at 4.25% dextrose, b) sterile unused dianeal at 1.5% dextrose, c) sterile used dialysate previously containing 4.25% dextrose taken from a CAPD patient, and d) sterile used dialysate previously containing 1.5% dextrose taken from a CAPD patient.

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Counseling Parents at the Time of Diagnosis: Moving Toward Client-Centered Practice

American Journal of Audiology ◽

10.1044/2020_aja-20-00122 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

David Luterman

Keyword(s):

Case History ◽

Medical Model ◽

Diagnostic Process ◽

Separate Entity ◽

Initial Examination ◽

Personal Adjustment ◽

Flow Of Information ◽

Ultimate Purpose

Purpose The purpose of this article is to present a client-centered model of counseling that integrates information and personal adjustment counseling. Research has indicated that audiologists are more comfortable with counseling that is information based than with personal adjustment counseling. The prevailing model of diagnosis appears to be the medical model in which, first, a case history is taken, then testing and, finally, counseling. This model lends itself to audiologist as expert and the counseling as a separate entity based on information and advice. Further research has indicated parents retain little of the information provided in the initial examination because of their heightened emotions. This article presents a client-centered model of diagnosis in which information is provided within an emotionally safe context, enabling the parents to express their feelings and have the ability to control the flow of information. The ultimate purpose of a client-centered model is to empower parents by making them active participants in the diagnostic process rather than passive recipients. Conclusion The client-centered model has wide implications for the diagnostic process as well as for the training of students.

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