Initial Hypoalbuminemia and Hyperlipidemia Persist during Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis in Children

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Scolnik ◽  
J. Williamson Balfe
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
High Density ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Continuous Cycling ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Average Serum ◽  
High Density Lipid

Objective To document serum lipid values in pediatric peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, particularly the very young, and investigate relationships with serum albumin levels. Design Retrospective review of all PD patients seen in the first 11 years of the PD program at our institution. Patients and Methods Any pediatric PD patient was eligible for inclusion if at least four simultaneous measurements of serum lipids and albumin were recorded over a minimum of 90 days of PD. Results Thirty-nine continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients (9, aged <5 years) and 14 continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) patients (7, aged <5 years) were followed for 90–1200 days. Hypoalbuminemia, present In 43% of initial recordings, did not alter significantly during PD in any group; it was most marked in the CAPD <5 year (mean 30.7 g/L) and CCPD >5 year groups (mean 31.4 g/L). Average serum cholesterol levels were 27% higher, and triglyceride 122% higher, than the maximum accepted 18-year-old level and did not change significantly during PD. Similarly, 33% of high-density lipid recordings were below normal and remained unaltered during PD. Conclusions Our results confirm the high incidence of hypoalbuminemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia and associated low levels of high density lipids, even in young PD patients, and demonstrate that these remain unchanged during PD. Such results have not previously been reported in PD patients as young as ours. Abnormal lipid profiles are a neglected cardiovascular risk factor in children with renal failure; therapeutic interventions should therefore be seriously considered.

scholarly journals Low cholesterol levels in children predict impulsivity in young adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
Katrin Tomson-Johanson ◽  
Tanel Kaart ◽  
Raul-Allan Kiivet ◽  
Toomas Veidebaum ◽  
Jaanus Harro
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Serum Lipid Levels ◽  
Low Levels

AbstractObjective:Severe behavioural issues such as impulsive action and suicide have since long been associated with low levels of cholesterol. While it is known that cholesterol plays a role in neural development and hence low levels of serum lipids could have long-term effects on behaviour, no longitudinal studies showed the association of serum lipids levels with impulsivity. We aimed to examine the prognostic properties of serum lipid levels during childhood and adolescence on measures of impulsivity during early adulthood in a representative birth cohort sample.Methods:We have investigated whether serum lipid levels measured at 9, 15, 18 and 25 years of age have an association with impulsivity in 25 years old young adults. This analysis was based on data of the birth cohort representative samples of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study (original n = 1238). Impulsivity was self-reported with the Adaptive and Maladaptive Impulsivity Scale.Results:Total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol measured in boys aged 9, 15 and 18 years predicted disinhibition and thoughtlessness in 25-year-old young adults. High scores of disinhibition were associated with low total and LDL cholesterol levels in males but, while less consistently, with high total and LDL cholesterol levels in females. Cross-sectional analysis did not result in systematic outcomes.Conclusions:Serum lipid levels could have an impact on the development of Maladaptive Impulsivity starting from an early age. This effect of cholesterol continues throughout adolescence into young adulthood.

scholarly journals The Association Between Diabetes Coexisting With Low Levels of High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Peritoneal Dialysis-related Peritonitis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Xing Zhang ◽  
Xingming Tang ◽  
Liwen Tang ◽  
Sijia Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract BackgroundLow levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and diabetes are common in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between diabetes coexisting with a low level of HDL-C and the first episode of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis (PDRP) in patients with PD.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated patients with PD from January 1, 2003, to May 31, 2020 in four PD centers. Patients with PD were divided into four groups: no comorbidity, low HDL-C only, diabetes only, and diabetes plus low HDL-C. The clinical and laboratory baseline data of the four groups were collected and compared. The association between diabetes coexisting with low HDL-C levels and the first episode of PDRP was analysed by multivariate Cox regression analysis. ResultsA total of 1013 patients with PD were recorded in our study. The mean age was 49.94±14.32 years, and 597 (58.99%) were males. A total of 301 (29.7%) patients had their first episodes of PDRP, and low HDL-C levels existed with diabetes in 72 patients with PD. After adjusting for confounding factors, a low level of HDL-C coexisting with diabetes was significantly associated with the first episode of PDRP in our study (hazard ratio: 1.93, 95% CI: 1.03-3.61, p<0.05). The associations between HDL-C, diabetes and PDRP were consistent in the following subgroups: sex, age, pre-existing CVD (all P interaction > 0.05).ConclusionsLow levels of HDL-C alone or diabetes alone were not independent risk factors for PDRP. Patients with both diabetes and low HDL-C levels were at high risk for PDRP.

Renal Transplantation in Children Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard C. Hymes ◽  
Barry L. Warshaw
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Renal Transplantation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Continuous Cycling ◽  
Cyclosporine Nephrotoxicity

Between January 1980 and January 1986, 25 children undergoing peritoneal dialysis (CAPD or CCPD) received 29 renal allografts. Patient survival was 100% and graft survival at 12 and at 24 months was similar to that of transplant recipients who received hemodialysis or no dialysis before operation. In 28 of 29 cases, Tenckhoff catheters were left in situ. Eighteen children were treated for acute rejection while retaining their catheters. Fourteen patients required post -transplant dialysis using the in situ catheter because of rejection or cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. No child developed peritonitis during post-transplant CAPD or while being treated for rejection. Peritonitis developed in one child who had a catheter in situ but who did not require dialysis. We conclude that peritoneal dialysis does not incur unacceptable risks to pediatric transplant recipients. During operation, the dialysis catheter may be left in situ and, if necessary, it may be used for CAPD in the post -transplant period. Renal transplantation in peritoneal dialysis patients has not been extensively described in children. One report by Stefanidis et al (1) in children and others in the adult population (2–5) found acceptable results among such patients. However, several centers have reported an increased risk of complications after transplantation. including a high incidence of infection (6–8) and inferior allograft survival when compared to hemodialysis patients (9). The issue is important in children because both continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) have become the major forms of renal replacement in many pediatric programs (10–16) including our own. Moreover, since it has been reported that peritonitis is seen with increased frequency among children on peritoneal dialysis (17), we might expect immunosuppression in this group to result in an increased number of infections. This paper describes our experience with children, who received a renal allograft, after undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Serum Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (30) ◽  
pp. 3266-3281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadis Fathizadeh ◽  
Alireza Milajerdi ◽  
Željko Reiner ◽  
Fariba Kolahdooz ◽  
Maryam Chamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Vldl Cholesterol ◽  
Subgroup Analyses

Background: The findings of trials investigating the effects of L-carnitine administration on serum lipids are inconsistent. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to summarize the effects of L-carnitine intake on serum lipids in patients and healthy individuals. Methods: Two authors independently searched electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar from 1990 until August 1, 2019, in order to find relevant RCTs. The quality of selected RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Cochrane’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistic were used to determine the heterogeneity across included trials. Weight mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI between the two intervention groups were used to determine pooled effect sizes. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the source of heterogeneity based on suspected variables such as, participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location between primary RCTs. Results: Out of 3460 potential papers selected based on keywords search, 67 studies met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that L-carnitine administration led to a significant decrease in triglycerides (WMD: -10.35; 95% CI: -16.43, -4.27), total cholesterol (WMD: -9.47; 95% CI: - 13.23, -5.70) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations (WMD: -6.25; 95% CI: -9.30, -3.21), and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (WMD: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.21, 2.57). L-carnitine supplementation did not influence VLDL-cholesterol concentrations. When we stratified studies for the predefined factors such as dosage, and age, no significant effects of the intervention on triglycerides, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels were found. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that L-carnitine administration significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol levels in the pooled analyses, but did not affect VLDL-cholesterol levels; however, these findings were not confirmed in our subgroup analyses by participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location.

scholarly journals High-Density Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Disease: The Good, the Bad and the Future

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 857
Author(s):  
Josep Julve ◽  
Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Plasma High Density ◽  
Low Levels

Epidemiological studies have shown that low levels of plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with increased atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) [...]

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