scholarly journals Challenges and opportunities of building an entrepreneurial discovery process through university–industry interaction: A Norwegian case study

2020 ◽  
pp. 095042222097834
Author(s):  
Thomas Brekke
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Discovery Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Entrepreneurial Discovery ◽  
University College ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

This study provides new insights into the entrepreneurial role of universities in an entrepreneurial discovery process. Over the past decades, European policies have encouraged universities to identify opportunities and develop new partnerships and connections with society. This analysis focuses on the Vestfold region of Norway, which contains an institutionally rich and specialised electronic industry, supported by a university college. The development of entrepreneurial discovery as a process capability at the regional level is examined using qualitative analysis based on semi-structured interviews. Regional actors developed regional innovation capabilities based on a bottom-up entrepreneurial discovery approach, in which a local university college played an active role. Entrepreneurial discovery capabilities entail a rigorous assessment of the region’s knowledge base, experimentation and the institutionalisation of new collaborative work forms that mobilise industry–university interaction aimed at identifying and facilitating the emergence and growth of new domains. The article highlights the challenges and opportunities of a bottom-up entrepreneurial discovery approach and concludes with policy implications.

Catalan universities and the entrepreneurial discovery process

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 360-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Marinelli ◽  
Susana Elena-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implications ◽  
Quadruple Helix ◽  
Entrepreneurial Discovery ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Private Research ◽  
Smart Specialization ◽  
Strategic Market ◽  
Different Characteristics

This article provides new insights into the role of public universities in regional development by looking at their involvement in Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialization (RIS3), a key element of the current European Cohesion Policy. In the latter, stakeholders from the triple or Quadruple Helix (public, private, research and nongovernmental sectors) jointly identify areas for research, development and innovation (RDI) investment. The analysis focuses on the region of Catalonia, which hosts a mix of higher education institutions (HEIs) with different characteristics and different relationships with local innovation stakeholders. The authors examine in-depth one of the main RIS3 funding instruments recently implemented in the region: the Research and Innovation Smart Specialization Strategy for Catalonia Communities. The Communities support the implementation of action plans for industrial research and development, jointly defined by research and private-sector stakeholders in RIS3 strategic areas. The instrument embeds the characteristics of a continuous EDP and enables exploration of the challenges and opportunities that emerge when researchers engage in strategic market-oriented RDI activities. The article highlights how HEIs are evolving and adapting to the new policy environment and concludes with policy implications.

Smart specialisation strategies in south Europe during crisis

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicos Komninos ◽  
Bernard Musyck ◽  
Alasdair Iain Reid
Keyword(s):  
Private Investment ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Discovery Process ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Discovery ◽  
South East Europe ◽  
Exit Route ◽  
Smart Specialisation ◽  
Innovation Strategies

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess how national and regional authorities in south-east Europe in a period of crisis perceive and set in motion research and innovation strategies for smart specialisation (RIS3) and the options that these strategies offer to overcome the current fiscal and development crisis. Design/methodology/approach – The paper starts with a literature review on the guiding principles of smart specialisation strategies and the differences from previous rounds of regional innovation strategies. Evidence on smart specialisation efforts is provided by cases studies in Greece, Slovenia, and Cyprus, focusing on the elaboration of such strategies in three countries with precarious innovation systems under severe conditions of crisis. The case studies are organised around key aspects of the smart specialisation logic, such as the selection of specialisation priorities, bottom-up governance, private sector leadership, and engines of innovation and competitiveness. Findings – The paper explores the obstacles encountered in running effective RIS strategies under crisis conditions. The paper highlights the main challenges to address, such as the readiness and credibility of public authorities to design and implement sound RIS3 strategies, the willingness of companies to be involved in strategic planning, the availability of private investment funds, innovation and diversification during a crisis, and the drivers of specialisation that could lead to competitiveness and growth. In the conclusions the paper identifies three routes towards smarter productive diversification and five critical stages in the entrepreneurial discovery process. Originality/value – The paper has both practical and theoretical significance. It focuses on the main challenges of smart specialisation and offers guidance in the elaboration of RIS3 in peripheral EU economies. On the other hand, it proposes a model for the entrepreneurial discovery process, based on the assessment of areas and futures of productivity and added-value increase, as productive diversification and crisis exit route.

scholarly journals Obstacles and facilitators of therapeutic alliance among adolescents with anorexia nervosa, their parents and their psychiatrists: A qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Sibeoni ◽  
Laurence Verneuil ◽  
Léa Poulmarc’h ◽  
Massimiliano Orri ◽  
Elise Jean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Therapeutic Alliance ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Entire Family ◽  
Adolescent Parent ◽  
Parent Relationship ◽  
Definition Of

Background: Therapeutic alliance is one of the most important aspects of treatment of adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Little is known about the facilitators and obstacles of its process in this situation. We aimed to explore the experience of therapeutic alliance in inpatient treatment among adolescents with anorexia nervosa, their parents and their psychiatrists. Methods: This qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews, took place in France. Data collection by purposive sampling continued until we reached theoretical sufficiency. Data analysis was thematic. Results: Forty-one participants were included, 15 teenaged girls, 18 parents and 8 psychiatrists. Analysis showed two themes: (1) what facilitates an alliance in treatment – with four facilitators: (a) human qualities, (b) an active role in the treatment, (c) taking time and (d) taking care of the entire family and (2) what impedes an alliance in treatment with four obstacles: (a) being too close or too distant, (b) focusing on weight, (c) control and constraints and (d) psychiatrization. Conclusion: Collaborative work between paediatricians and psychiatrists could facilitate therapeutic alliance with parents. Definition of therapeutic alliance in this situation should be enlarged to include the adolescent–parent relationship. It is necessary to construct specific items to integrate these specific aspects to existing scales.

scholarly journals Management of Regional Innovation Development

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Discovery Process ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Entrepreneurial Discovery ◽  
Smart Specialization

In modern conditions of dynamically changing environment, questions about new regional ways of innovative development are being updated. Researches confirm that the innovative development of regions is becoming a significant factor in increasing the competitiveness of the region and the formation of high innovative activity. The purpose of the article is to identify the essence of modern approaches to the management of regional innovative development, that are appropriate in the context of transformational changes and to analyze them. To achieve this goal next following tasks have to be done: to study main methods of managing the regional innovative development; to analyze legal and legislative framework; to analyze statistical indicators of innovative development of the region; to identify regions-leaders and regions-outsiders in Ukraine; to study the concept and essence of Smart Specialization Strategies and the entrepreneurial discovery process in the conditions of the Ukrainian regions’ development. The article discusses the competitiveness and efficiency of innovations in a regional context. These are two interrelated economic categories, reflected in their synergistic effect in various areas of the economic and social life of the regions. Their assessment can be carried out at different levels – regional, national and international levels. Regional competitiveness and efficiency of innovation is the result of comprehensive stakeholder actions at these levels. The article also identifies the main obstacles to the management of regional innovation development and analyzes the regulatory and legal framework for the development of innovations at the regional level. The article also carried out a multifactorial comparative analysis based on statistical data of development indicators to assess the development of regions. Regions-leaders and region-outsiders are defined. The article considers the main effective instruments of innovation policy and the most effective ways of its implementation at the regional level. One of the tool is the Smart Specialization Strategy, which aims to grow economically through a strategy based on localization and stakeholder mobilization at the regional level. The paper also studied the entrepreneurial discovery process, that is a «conceptual pillar» of smart specialization.

scholarly journals Zero Carbon Building Practices in Aotearoa New Zealand

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Thao Thi Phuong Bui ◽  
Suzanne Wilkinson ◽  
Niluka Domingo ◽  
Casimir MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Zero Carbon

In the light of climate change, the drive for zero carbon buildings is known as one response to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Within New Zealand, research on climate change mitigation and environmental impacts of buildings has received renewed attention. However, there has been no detailed investigation of zero carbon building practices. This paper undertakes an exploratory study through the use of semi-structured interviews with government representatives and construction industry experts to examine how the New Zealand construction industry plans and implements zero carbon buildings. The results show that New Zealand’s construction industry is in the early stage of transiting to a net-zero carbon built environment. Key actions to date are focused on devising a way for the industry to develop and deliver zero carbon building projects. Central and local governments play a leading role in driving zero carbon initiatives. Leading construction firms intend to maximise the carbon reduction in building projects by developing a roadmap to achieve the carbon target by 2050 and rethinking the way of designing and constructing buildings. The research results provide an insight into the initial practices and policy implications for the uptake of zero carbon buildings in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Challenges and Opportunities in Collaborative Vulnerability Research Workflows

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 420-424
Author(s):  
Ryan Mullins ◽  
Deirdre Kelliher ◽  
Ben Nargi ◽  
Mike Keeney ◽  
Nathan Schurr
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Workflow Model ◽  
Human Vulnerability ◽  
Research Teams ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
New Research ◽  
Future Work

Recently, cyber reasoning systems demonstrated near-human performance characteristics when they autonomously identified, proved, and mitigated vulnerabilities in software during a competitive event. New research seeks to augment human vulnerability research teams with cyber reasoning system teammates in collaborative work environments. However, the literature lacks a concrete understanding of vulnerability research workflows and practices, limiting designers’, engineers’, and researchers’ ability to successfully integrate these artificially intelligent entities into teams. This paper contributes a general workflow model of the vulnerability research process, and identifies specific collaboration challenges and opportunities anchored in this model. Contributions were derived from a qualitative field study of work habits, behaviors, and practices of human vulnerability research teams. These contributions will inform future work in the vulnerability research domain by establishing an empirically-driven workflow model that can be adapted to specific organizational and functional constraints placed on individual and teams.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development of Operations: Actors’ Involvement in the Process of Energy Efficiency Improvements

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6121
Author(s):  
Naghmeh Taghavi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Operational Decisions ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Secondary Information ◽  
Inside Out

This study empirically investigates the involvement of actors in the process of energy-efficiency improvements in operations to align strategic sustainability goals across and within operations. The study analyzes development efforts stemming from actors’ decisions and actions that contribute to the process of energy efficiency improvements using semi-structured interviews and secondary information. Data is analyzed using thematic coding. The study deepens the understanding of how firms undertake the transition towards integrating strategic goals for energy efficiency into operations by strategizing for energy efficiency improvements through actors’ involvement. By exploring actors at both strategic and operational levels, and their decisions and actions, the study includes examples of different approaches, namely, top-down vs. bottom-up and inside-out vs. outside-in, thereby conceptualizing the process of energy-efficiency improvements in terms of a framework that outlines the entities of this process. The study further provides an integrative framework for the development efforts by different actors and presents propositions for incorporating energy-efficiency improvements in daily strategic and operational decisions and actions instead of regarding it as a separate or an add-on process.

Exploring Policy Implications of Ethics of Care and Justice in Care Work and Human Services Organizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 193672442110274
Author(s):  
Christa J. Moore ◽  
Patricia Gagné
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Human Service ◽  
Human Services ◽  
Ethics Of Care ◽  
Human Service Organizations ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Bureaucratic Constraints

Much attention has recently been focused on the efficacy of cross-sector collaboration within the field of human services in response to increasing rates of child maltreatment and subsequent foster care entries nationwide. Our research includes 200 hours of participant observation, in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 65 professionals broadly involved in the protection of vulnerable children and the support of their parents, and an analysis of 45 case files. It was carried out in a rural region of Kentucky between May 2015 and July 2017. We used established principles of analytic induction to analyze our data. In this study, we explore perceptions of power, authority, inequality, and bureaucratic constraints that emerge during organizational processes of interagency collaboration among multidisciplinary human service organizations situated within the child welfare system. We argue that ethics of care and, subsequently, care work are constrained by power dynamics, primarily embedded in bureaucratically structured human service organizations as well as in policy mandates that embody ethics of justice. We conclude that the tensions between bureaucratic constraints and professional workers’ desire to care for and serve clients often disrupt and undermine organizational missions and policy goals targeting child protection. We indicate the need to examine these structural dynamics at a policy level and provide recommendations with policy implications.

scholarly journals A Bottom-up picture of intra-national welfare regimes: the case of marginalised communities in Puerto Rico

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gibrán Cruz-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Welfare Mix ◽  
National Welfare

ABSTRACTThe main purpose of this article is twofold: (1) an examination of welfare regimes using a bottom-up approach, which enables a comprehensive analysis of welfare production based on recipients perceptions; and (2) an examination of more than one type of welfare-mix coexisting inside the national level across policy sectors. A classification of welfare regimes is carried out following a bottom-up approach and relying on the basis of the importance of welfare providers to satisfy social risks and promote well-being. Three traditional (e.g. state, market, family) and one alternative welfare providers (e.g. community) are considered. Data is collected through twenty semi-structured interviews in seven marginalised communities of Puerto Rico. The results show five configurations of intra-national welfare-mixes across the following welfare areas: housing, nourishment, health, education, maternity/paternity, disability, work-unemployment and older-age. This paper contributes to the theoretical proposals of intra-national welfare regimes, and alternatives providers in the welfare-mix.

scholarly journals Environment based innovation: policy questions

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (88) ◽  
Author(s):  
Argentino Pessoa ◽  
Mário Rui Silva
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Public Intervention ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Innovation Policies

Natural resources and physical cultural resources, referred to in this paper as “Environmental Resources”, can be important assets for regional competitiveness and innovation. In recent years, these types of assets have been increasingly taken into consideration in the design and implementation of regional development strategies, as a consequence of their potential role as a source of differentiation and of new competitive advantages. However, in contrast to environmental policies, which usually focus on the protection of the environment, innovation policies and their instruments are largely shaped by, and geared towards, knowledge-based innovation.In this paper, we discuss the role played by environmental resources in the context of regional innovation policies. We begin by discussing the relationship between environmental resources and regional development, and by emphasizing some contrasting views with regard to the function of environmental resources in regional development. Then, we address the relationship between regional competitive advantages and innovation strategies. The specific issues and problems that arise whenever the aim is to attain competitive advantages through the valorisation of environmental resources constitute the core of section III. In that section, we highlight the specific characteristics of environmental resources and we discuss the applicability of the “natural resource curse” argument to the dynamics based on the valorisation of environmental resources. The reasons that justify public intervention as well as the difficulties concerning the adequate level of intervention (local / regional / national) are also examined. The paper ends with some conclusions and policy implications.

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