On-machine truing of diamond wheel and high-efficiency grinding of monocrystal silicon for aspheric surface

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Chen ◽  
Bing Guo ◽  
Qingliang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Diamond Wheel ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Aspheric Surface ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Aspheric Surfaces ◽  
Silicon Carbon

To realize the high-efficiency grinding of the aspheric surfaces on monocrystal silicon, a novel on-machine truing method for the resin-bonded arc-shaped diamond wheels was proposed utilizing rotary green silicon carbon rod, and then the high-efficiency grinding of the aspheric surface was performed. First, the principle of mutual-wear for truing arc-shaped diamond wheel was introduced, and the truing performance was studied. The experimental results showed that the top morphology of the trued arc-shaped wheel was precise and smooth, and the run error on the top of the trued arc-shaped wheel was reduced from 41 to 10 µm after truing. Furthermore, high-efficiency grinding experiments revealed that the surface quality of the aspheric surface increased with the increase in the average material removal rates.

Analysis of Machinability of Ti- and Ni-Based Alloys

2012 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 330-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostino Maurotto ◽  
Anish Roy ◽  
Vladimir I. Babitsky ◽  
Vadim V. Silberschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Process Zone ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Conventional Machining

Efficient machining of advanced Ti- and Ni-based alloys, which are typically difficult-to-machine, is a challenge that needs to be addressed by the industry. During a typical machining operation of such alloys, high cutting forces imposed by a tool on the work-piece material lead to severe deformations in the process zone, along with high stresses, strains and temperatures in the material, eventually affecting the quality of finished work-piece. Conventional machining (CT) of Ti- and Ni-based alloys is typically characterized by low depths of cuts and relatively low feed rates, thus adversely affecting the material removal rates (MRR) in the machining process. In the present work, a novel machining technique, known as Ultrasonically Assisted Turning (UAT) is shown to dramatically improve machining of these intractable alloys. The developed machining process is capable of high MRR with an improved surface quality of the turned work-piece. Average cutting forces are significantly lower in UAT when compared to those in traditional turning techniques at the same machining parameters, demonstrating the capability of vibration-assisted machining as a viable machining method for the future.

scholarly journals Research on the Influencing Factors of "Scale Veins" of Single Point Incremental Forming Workpieces Surface

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1025-1032
Author(s):  
Shi Pengtao ◽  
Li Yan ◽  
Yang Mingshun ◽  
Yao Zimeng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Incremental Forming ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Single Point Incremental Forming ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
The Mathematical Model

To furthermore optimize the machining parameters and improve the surface quality of the workpieces manufactured by single point incremental forming method, the formation mechanism of the sacle veins on the metal incremental froming workpieces was studied through experiment method. The influence principle of the spindle speed, the feed speed and the material of tip of tools on the length of scale veins was obtained through analyzing the experimental results and building the mathematical model among the length of scale veins were feed speed and spindle speed through measuring the roughness of surfaces and observing the appearance of the forming workpieces. The experimental results showed that, the spindle speed, the feed speed and the material of tool tips have a significant effect on the scale veins formation on the surface of forming workpieces. Therefore, an appropriate group of spindle speed and feed speed can reduce the effect of scale veins on the roughness of single point incremental forming workpieces and furthermore improve the surface quality of forming workpieces.

scholarly journals Focused Ion Beam Milling of Single-Crystal Sapphire with A-, C-, and M-Orientations

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2871
Author(s):  
Qiuling Wen ◽  
Xinyu Wei ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Xipeng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Crystal Orientations ◽  
Aluminum Ions ◽  
Single Crystal Sapphire

Sapphire substrates with different crystal orientations are widely used in optoelectronic applications. In this work, focused ion beam (FIB) milling of single-crystal sapphire with A-, C-, and M-orientations was performed. The material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Sa) of sapphire with the three crystal orientations after FIB etching were derived. The experimental results show that: The MRR of A-plane sapphire is slightly higher than that of C-plane and M-plane sapphires; the Sa of A-plane sapphire after FIB treatment is the smallest among the three different crystal orientations. These results imply that A-plane sapphire allows easier material removal during FIB milling compared with C-plane and M-plane sapphires. Moreover, the surface quality of A-plane sapphire after FIB milling is better than that of C-plane and M-plane sapphires. The theoretical calculation results show that the removal energy of aluminum ions and oxygen ions per square nanometer on the outermost surface of A-plane sapphire is the smallest. This also implies that material is more easily removed from the surface of A-plane sapphire than the surface of C-plane and M-plane sapphires by FIB milling. In addition, it is also found that higher MRR leads to lower Sa and better surface quality of sapphire for FIB etching.

Study on Parameters for Affecting SCI of Sheet Metal Forming

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 2862-2866
Author(s):  
Ji Tao Du
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Sheet Metal Forming ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Friction Condition ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Forming Defect ◽  
Punch Radius

The surface contact impression(SCI) is the neglected forming defect and seriously affects surface quality and mechanical property of stamping parts. The technology parameters and affective degree which alleviate or eliminate SCI are researched , four factors including die radius(DR) , die clearance(DC), punch radius(PR) and friction condition(FC) , which each factor chooses three levels are designed and constitute a L9（34）orthogonal table. The experimental results indicate that the significances order of technology parameters affecting SCI is DR> PR > DC >FC. The analyzed result shows that the superior parameter affecting SCI is DR ,the inferior is FC, adapted DC greatly removes SCI. the research puts forward a reference for improving surface quality of stamping parts.

Research on Influence of Crystal KDP Anisotropy on Critical Condition of Brittle-Ductile Transition in Ultra-Precision Cutting

2006 ◽  
Vol 315-316 ◽  
pp. 725-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Jun Chen ◽  
Ying Chun Liang ◽  
Jing He Wang ◽  
Shen Dong
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Critical Condition ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Brittle Ductile Transition ◽  
Ultra Precision

In order to machine high accuracy Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP) crystal part, the indentation experiments are carried out with various loads and various orientation angles. The experimental results show that the critical condition of brittle-ductile transition of KDP has strong anisotropy. Therefore, the influence factors on the surface quality of crystal KDP was discussed, it is shown that influences of the tool's geometry parameter, feed rate and Nominal depth of cut etc on the surface quality of KDP are main. Afterwards the cutting experimental study on crystal KDP material is carried out. The experimental results show that the super-smooth surface quality only can be obtained while KDP is ultra-precision machined in ductile mode.

Grinding Performance Evaluation of the Developed Chemo-Mechanical Grinding (CMG) Tools for Sapphire Substrate

2012 ◽  
Vol 565 ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Gang Dong ◽  
Shang Gao ◽  
P. Zhou ◽  
Ren Ke Kang ◽  
Dong Ming Guo
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Sapphire Substrate ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Diamond Wheel ◽  
Mechanical Grinding ◽  
Sapphire Substrates ◽  
Grinding Performance

In order to improve the surface quality of sapphire substrates ground by diamond wheel, the chemo-mechanical grinding (CMG) tools for sapphire grinding was investigated in this paper. According to the processing principle of CMG, three CMG tools with different abrasives of SiO2, Fe2O3 and MgO were developed respectively. The compositions of the CMG tools were designed and optimized based on the physicochemical characteristics of sapphire. The grinding experiments were performed with the developed CMG tools and the grinding performance of three kind of tools were evaluated by comparing the surface roughness and the MRR of sapphire. The experiment results show that the grinding performance of SiO2 CMG tool was worst. The surface roughness and MRR corresponding to SiO2 CMG tool were all significantly poorer than Fe2O3 and MgO CMG tools. The highest MRR could be obtained by Fe2O3 CMG tool, but the best surface quality was obtained by MgO CMG tool.

scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Abrasive Waterjet Micromachining the Quartz Glass

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongguo Hou ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Zhe Lv ◽  
Yuanyong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Vibration ◽  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Erosion Depth ◽  
System Pressure

The ultrasonic vibration is used to enhance the capability of the abrasive water micromachining glass. And, the ultrasonic vibration is activated on the abrasive waterjet nozzle. The quality of the flow is improved, and the velocity of the abrasive is increased because of the addition of the ultrasonic energy. The relevant experimental results indicate that the erosion depth and the material volume removal of the glass are obviously increased when ultrasonic vibration is working. As for the influence of process parameters on the material removal of the glass such as vibration amplitude, system pressure, distance of the standoff, and abrasive size, the experimental results indicate that the system pressure and vibration contribute greatly to the glass material removal. Also, the erosion depth and the volume of material removal are increased with the increase in the vibration amplitude and system pressure. There are some uplifts found at the edge of erosion pit. Then, it can be inferred that the plastic method is an important material removal method during the machining process of ultrasonic vibration-assisted abrasive waterjet.

Relationship between Electrical Parameters in Combined EDM and Surface Quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 436-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Long Kang ◽  
Dong Man Yu ◽  
Hui Guo ◽  
Chang Pei Shang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibration ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Development Prospect ◽  
Electrical Parameters ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Process Characteristics ◽  
The Law

This paper presents a deep analysis for the effects of the principles and Electrical Parameters of ultrasonic vibration aided EDM in gas on the roughness of finish machined surface by briefly describing the principles and process characteristics of EDM and combined ultrasonic discharge machining technology, and qualitatively obtains the law of the effects of electrical parameters on the quality of machined surface from the analysis of experimental results. The comparison among the three EDM methods shows the superiority and development prospect of ultrasonic vibration aided EDM in gas.

Study on the Fluid Magnetic Abrasive Polishing Technology

2010 ◽  
Vol 102-104 ◽  
pp. 495-501
Author(s):  
Cong Da Lu ◽  
Xiao Jun Gong ◽  
Hong Jia ◽  
Guo Zhong Chai
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Internal Cavity ◽  
Machining Mechanism ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Magnetic Abrasive Polishing ◽  
Precision Finishing

Fluid magnetic abrasive (FMA) is a new precision finishing process. It has the capability of processing free shape surfaces and complex cavities. Due to its strong adjustability and controllability, FMA could be regarded as the final process of machining which could greatly improve the surface quality of workpiece. The paper first introduces the component and machining mechanism of FMA, secondly it describes the model of the material removal in the process, thirdly it presents the devices of FMA polishing. At the end, a grinding head tool based machining mode is proposed for realizing the polishing of internal cavity.

A Study of the Solid-State Reaction for Polishing Sapphires

2012 ◽  
Vol 497 ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Fa Deng ◽  
Zhi Xiong Zhou ◽  
Zhao Zhong Zhou ◽  
Ju Long Yuan ◽  
Ji Cui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Quality Requirements

As sapphire is an important substrate material, stringent surface quality requirements (i.e., surface finish and flatness) are required. In order to acquire the higher material removal rate and the better surface quality of sapphire, the solid state-reaction were introduced in this paper; abrasive of SiO2 and SiO2 with mixing the MgF2 power were compared to polish sapphire. The result showed that abrasive of SiO2 with mixing the MgF2 can obtain higher material removal rate and better surface quality. The result of the pr

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