Energy-saving control strategy design and structure realization for electromagnetic active suspension

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (9) ◽  
pp. 3060-3075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renkai Ding ◽  
Ruochen Wang ◽  
Xiangpeng Meng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Linear Motor ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Passive Damping ◽  
Energy Regeneration ◽  
Energy Saving Control

An electromagnetic active suspension equipped with a linear motor can remarkably improve the dynamic performance of a vehicle in terms of ride comfort and handling stability. However, electromagnetic active suspensions consume a considerable amount of external energy. Therefore, an energy-saving control strategy and its corresponding realization structure are designed to reconcile the contradiction between the dynamic performance and energy consumption. The energy conservation feasibility of an electromagnetic active suspension system is investigated in this study. Subsequently, the conventional skyhook control strategy is used as a reference; a passive damping is introduced to improve the defects of the system for an active control. It can also ensure the basic dynamic performance during energy regeneration. The energy-saving control strategy is placed beside the switch between the active control and energy regeneration. The vehicle simulation manifests that the energy-saving control strategy can effectively inhibit body movement, including vibration, roll, and pitch, while exhibiting a good road holding. A single linear motor used for the suspension system deteriorates the dynamic performance during energy regeneration and cannot guarantee the system reliability because of its low passive damping. Thus, a new integrated electromagnetic actuator prototype is developed, and the bench test shows that the prototype can satisfy the control requirements of the energy-saving control strategy.

scholarly journals A modified energy-saving skyhook for active suspension based on a hybrid electromagnetic actuator

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renkai Ding ◽  
Ruochen Wang ◽  
Xiangpeng Meng ◽  
Long Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Linear Motor ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Electromagnetic Actuator ◽  
Energy Regeneration ◽  
Hydraulic Damper

This study proposes a modified energy-saving skyhook consisting of active control, energy regeneration, and switch. The modified skyhook coordinates the contradiction between dynamic performance and energy consumption of electromagnetic active suspension. The control principle is analyzed, the switch condition between active control and energy recovery is provided, and the switch control system is designed for simulation. Results demonstrate that the presented strategy can coordinate the dynamic performance and energy consumption effectively. The realization structure, namely, a hybrid electromagnetic actuator, is then designed to satisfy the control requirements. It integrates a linear motor and a hydraulic damper. The linear motor is used for active control or energy regeneration, while the hydraulic damper is used to guarantee basic dynamic performance. The structural dimension of hybrid electromagnetic actuator is optimized to increase air gap flux density with the volume and weight limitation. A prototype is fabricated, and a bench test is conducted. Results show that the structure can satisfy the control requirements. Some errors within a reasonable range are also observed between the test and the simulation because the simulation model is prepared under ideal conditions.

Design and experimental research on electromagnetic active suspension with energy-saving perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-500
Author(s):  
Jiajia Wang ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Ruochen Wang ◽  
Xiangpeng Meng ◽  
Dehua Shi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Linear Motor ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Hydraulic Damper ◽  
Driving Conditions

A hydraulic damper can improve system reliability when it is introduced to an electromagnetic active suspension equipped with a linear motor. In this study, the effect of damping value on the energy consumption of an electromagnetic active suspension system is investigated with an energy-saving perspective. A kinetic model of electromagnetic active suspension is established, and a controller is designed on the basis of a linear quadratic regulator. Three different levels of roads are then chosen as driving conditions, and the corresponding control targets are set. The effects of damping value on energy consumption and dynamic performance of electromagnetic active suspension under different driving conditions are determined. Results show that damping value does not affect dynamic performance at the same weighting factor or the same driving condition in a time domain. Compared with that of an electromagnetic active suspension without a damper in parallel, the energy consumption of the electromagnetic active suspension system initially decreases and subsequently increases as the damping value increases. Therefore, appropriate damping values can significantly reduce energy consumption. In a frequency domain, appropriate damping values can improve driving safety but can slightly deteriorate ride comfort. An integrated electromagnetic actuator is also designed by integrating the linear motor with the hydraulic damper to construct a practical system structure. These parameters are optimized to improve air-gap magnetic field strength. Thus, the initial design of the structure and dimension of the electromagnetic active suspension system is completed. Finally, the prototype is produced and a 1/4 bench test is also conducted to verify the correctness of theoretical research.

scholarly journals Active suspension system with integrated electrical tubular linear motor: design, control strategy and validation

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Thul ◽  
Daniel Eggers ◽  
Björn Riemer ◽  
Kay Hameyer
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Linear Motor ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
System A ◽  
Motor Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract This paper focuses on the design and control of an active suspension system, where a tubular linear motor is integrated into a spring damper system of a vehicle. The spring takes up the weight of the vehicle. Therefore the electric linear motor can be designed very compact as it has to provide forces to adjust the damping characteristic only. Design and construction of the active suspension system, a control strategy and validation measurements at a test bench are presented.

scholarly journals Research into the Effect of Supercapacitor Terminal Voltage on Regenerative Suspension Energy-Regeneration and Dynamic Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruochen Wang ◽  
Yanshu Ding ◽  
Qing Ye ◽  
Renkai Ding ◽  
Jingang Qian
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Linear Motor ◽  
Mode Switching ◽  
Damping Force ◽  
Energy Regeneration ◽  
Output Terminal ◽  
Electromagnetic Damping ◽  
Terminal Voltage ◽  
Semiactive Suspension

To study the effect of supercapacitor initial terminal voltage on the regenerative and semiactive suspension energy-regeneration and dynamic performance, firstly, the relationship between supercapacitor terminal voltage and linear motor electromagnetic damping force and that between supercapacitor terminal voltage and recycled energy by the supercapacitor in one single switching period were both analyzed. The result shows that the linear motor electromagnetic damping force is irrelevant to the supercapacitor terminal voltage, and the recycled energy by the supercapacitor reaches the maximum when initial terminal voltage of the supercapacitor equals output terminal voltage of the linear motor. Then, performances of system dynamics and energy-regeneration were studied as the supercapacitor initial terminal voltage varied in situations of B level and C level road. The result showed that recycled energy by the supercapacitor increased at first and then decreased while the dynamic performance had no obvious change. On the basis of previous study, a mode-switching control strategy of supercapacitor for the regenerative and semiactive suspension system was proposed, and the mode-switching rule was built. According to simulation and experiment results, the system energy-regeneration efficiency can be increased by utilizing the control strategy without influencing suspension dynamic performance, which is highly valuable to practical engineering.

Performance analysis of MR damper based semi-active suspension system using optimally tuned controllers

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110044
Author(s):  
Gurubasavaraju Tharehalli mata ◽  
Vijay Mokenapalli ◽  
Hemanth Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Pid Controller ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Parametric Method ◽  
Mr Damper ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Sliding Mode Controller ◽  
Road Excitation

This study assesses the dynamic performance of the semi-active quarter car vehicle under random road conditions through a new approach. The monotube MR damper is modelled using non-parametric method based on the dynamic characteristics obtained from the experiments. This model is used as the variable damper in a semi-active suspension. In order to control the vibration caused under random road excitation, an optimal sliding mode controller (SMC) is utilised. Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is coupled to identify the parameters of the SMC. Three optimal criteria are used for determining the best sliding mode controller parameters which are later used in estimating the ride comfort and road handling of a semi-active suspension system. A comparison between the SMC, Skyhook, Ground hook and PID controller suggests that the optimal parameters with SMC have better controllability than the PID controller. SMC has also provided better controllability than the PID controller at higher road roughness.

A Study of Control Strategy for Vehicle Semi-Active Suspension System

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiming Zhang ◽  
Ye Lin
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Active Suspension ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Active System ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Performance Limit ◽  
Passive Suspension ◽  
Isolation Performance

Abstract This paper investigates a reference control strategy for Vehicle semi-active suspension. The control is conducted by following the idea optimal active controller. The passive actuator is set to optimal whenever the active and passive actuators have the same signs; and set to zero output whenever the two signs are opposite. The simulation results of a 2DoF vehicle show that the semi -active suspension system can follow the ideal active system very well, both are superior to conventional passive systems. In this paper, a 2DoF vehicle model was also used to study a statistical optimal control strategy of the semi-active suspension system. The statistical optimal concept is the result of the combination of the nonlinear programming and controllable damper. A way of estimating statistical characteristics of road irregularities was also proposed. Vehicle active, suspension, due to its perfect v i bra t i on isolation performance, gets moreand more attention. Active suspension can be generally divided into two categories, totally active suspension system and semi-active suspension system. From the published results it is known that active suspension can surpass the performance limit of conventional passive suspension and greatly improve the vehicle riding comfort and steering ability. But active suspension has a critical disadvantage of less applicability, due to its high cost and low reliability. Also it consumes large amount of energy as it works. The idea of semi-active suspension was put forward to overcome the shortcoming of active suspension. It is a compromise between active suspension and passive suspension. Semi-active suspension has approximately the same behavior as active suspension, and almost consumes no energy as it works. So semi-active suspension possesses a great potential in application. At. present, in the field of suspension research over the world, a great deal of attention is paied to semi-active suspension. At present, for the cotrol of semi-active suspension the widely studied strategy is “on off” control [1] [2], which is first put forward by Karnopp. “On-off” control can eliminate the phenomenon of vibration amplification for passive suspension, thus it can improve the suspension performance to certain extent. At present, no substantive result has been obtained yet in the field of optimal control of semi-active suspension. This paper will investigate a reference control strategy on the basis of linear optimal control. The control is conducted by following the optimal ctive controller. The referrence control result is optimal when the outputs of the active and semi-active force generators have the same signs.

Energy Saving Control Strategy for the High-Frequency Start-up Process for Electric Mining Haul Trucks

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjie Zhang ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Zhaoyang Ai ◽  
Yun Feng ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Energy Saving Control
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