Coating effect on the fatigue strength of a free cutting steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 7513-7524
Author(s):  
Dario Croccolo ◽  
Massimiliano De Agostinis ◽  
Stefano Fini ◽  
Giorgio Olmi ◽  
Francesco Robusto
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cutting Steel ◽  
Nickel Coatings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Fatigue ◽  
Enhance Wear Resistance ◽  
Set Up

This paper deals with the effect of electrodeposited zinc and nickel coatings on the fatigue strength of a free cutting steel. This class of materials is frequently used in the mass production, due to their good machinability, in order to reduce the production costs. Moreover, free cutting steels often operate under high wear conditions, for instance in sliding components. Therefore, suitable coatings are usually applied to improve their tribological response. In addition, in many industrial applications, free cutting steels must withstand significantly high fatigue loads, even in corrosive environment. In order to assess the fatigue response, S–N curves and endurance limits at run-out of specimen sets with different features were determined. The tests involved samples with different coatings and plain geometry for comparison purposes. The experimental results, properly set up by tools of Design of Experiment, were statistically processed and compared. The outcome was that no significant difference in terms of fatigue strength between the three specimens set was encountered. It implies that coatings can be suitable to enhance wear resistance without detrimental effects on fatigue.

LUCEFIN GROUP 20NiCrMo2-2(1.6523), 20NiCrMoS2-2 (1.6526)

Alloy Digest ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Case Hardening ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Fatigue

Abstract Lucefin Group 20NiCrMo2-2 and 20NiCrMoS2-2 are low-carbon, Ni-Cr-Mo, alloy case-hardening steels that are used in the carburized or carbonitrided, and subsequently quench hardened and tempered, condition. These steels are, in general, used for medium-size case-hardened parts requiring high fatigue strength and wear resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SA-866. Producer or source: Lucefin S.p.A..

SANBAR 20

Alloy Digest ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
High Fatigue ◽  
Molybdenum Steel ◽  
Rolled Condition

Abstract SANBAR 20 is a high-strength chromium-molybdenum steel with high-fatigue strength and excellent wear resistance in the as-rolled condition. The primary application is use as integral drill rods. This datasheet provides information on composition, hardness, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: SA-501. Producer or source: Sandvik Steel Company.

Aerosol generation through pars plana vitrectomy

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-317214
Author(s):  
Hasan Naveed ◽  
Fong May Chew ◽  
Hanbin Lee ◽  
Edward Hughes ◽  
Mayank A Nanavaty
Keyword(s):  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Aerosol Generation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optical Particle Counter ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
23 Gauge ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

PurposeTo assess whether pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is an aerosol-generating procedure (AGP) in an ex vivo experimental model.MethodsIn this ex vivo study on 10 porcine eyes, optical particle counter was used to measure particles ≤10 μm using cumulative mode in the six in-built channels: 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 2.5 μm, 5 μm and 10 μm aerosols during PPV. Two parts of the study were as follows: (1) to assess the pre-experimental baseline aerosol count in the theatre environment where there are dynamic changes in temperature and humidity and (2) to measure aerosol generation with 23-gauge and 25-gauge set-up. For each porcine eye, five measurements were taken for each consecutive step in the experiment including pre-PPV, during PPV, fluid–air exchange (FAX) and venting using a flute with 23-gauge set-up and a chimney with 25-gauge set-up. Therefore, a total of 200 measurements were recorded.ResultsWith 23-gauge and 25-gauge PPV, there was no significant difference in aerosol generation in all six channels comparing pre-PPV versus PPV or pre-PPV versus FAX. Venting using flute with 23-gauge PPV showed significant reduction of aerosol ≤1 μm. Air venting using chimney with 25-gauge set-up showed no significant difference in aerosol of ≤1 μm. For cumulative aerosol counts of all particles measuring ≤5 μm, compared with pre-PPV, PPV or FAX, flute venting in 23-gauge set-up showed significant reduction unlike the same comparison for chimney venting in 25-gauge set-up.ConclusionPPV and its associate steps do not generate aerosols ≤10 μm with 23-gauge and 25-gauge set-ups.

scholarly journals Poly(lactic acid)—Mass production, processing, industrial applications, and end of life

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 333-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Castro-Aguirre ◽  
F. Iñiguez-Franco ◽  
H. Samsudin ◽  
X. Fang ◽  
R. Auras
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid

scholarly journals Metal-free oxidative cross-coupling enabled practical synthesis of atropisomeric QUINOL and its derivatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Ying Jiang ◽  
Kai-Fang Fan ◽  
Shaoyu Li ◽  
Shao-Hua Xiang ◽  
Bin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Catalysis ◽  
Kinetic Resolution ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Lewis Base ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Base Catalysts

AbstractAs an important platform molecule, atropisomeric QUINOL plays a crucial role in the development of chiral ligands and catalysts in asymmetric catalysis. However, efficient approaches towards QUINOL remain scarce, and the resulting high production costs greatly impede the related academic research as well as downstream industrial applications. Here we report a direct oxidative cross-coupling reaction between isoquinolines and 2-naphthols, providing a straightforward and scalable route to acquire the privileged QUINOL scaffolds in a metal-free manner. Moreover, a NHC-catalyzed kinetic resolution of QUINOL N-oxides with high selectivity factor is established to access two types of promising axially chiral Lewis base catalysts in optically pure forms. The utility of this methodology is further illustrated by facile transformations of the products into QUINAP, an iconic ligand in asymmetric catalysis.

scholarly journals Implementation of a deep learning model for automated classification of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) in real time

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song-Quan Ong ◽  
Hamdan Ahmad ◽  
Gomesh Nair ◽  
Pradeep Isawasan ◽  
Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Automated Classification ◽  
Expert Performance ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up

AbstractClassification of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) by humans remains challenging. We proposed a highly accessible method to develop a deep learning (DL) model and implement the model for mosquito image classification by using hardware that could regulate the development process. In particular, we constructed a dataset with 4120 images of Aedes mosquitoes that were older than 12 days old and had common morphological features that disappeared, and we illustrated how to set up supervised deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) with hyperparameter adjustment. The model application was first conducted by deploying the model externally in real time on three different generations of mosquitoes, and the accuracy was compared with human expert performance. Our results showed that both the learning rate and epochs significantly affected the accuracy, and the best-performing hyperparameters achieved an accuracy of more than 98% at classifying mosquitoes, which showed no significant difference from human-level performance. We demonstrated the feasibility of the method to construct a model with the DCNN when deployed externally on mosquitoes in real time.

scholarly journals 162 An Examination of Scar Modelling and Assessment Methods for the Evaluation of Scar Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Mistry
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Randomised Control Trial ◽  
Silicone Gel ◽  
Scar Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gel Treatment ◽  
Current Assessment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Silicone Gel Sheeting

Abstract Introduction Scarring is the final common pathway for healing within the skin. Scars can be itchy, painful, tight, and disfiguring. Despite advances in surgery there is currently no reliably effective treatment for reducing or preventing scarring. The primary aim of this research is to assess the currently available models for scarring and evaluate/further develop the utility of current assessment tools, in an effort to design a pilot randomised control trial (RCT) for silicone gel treatment of scars. Method A systematic review of scar models in humans and animals. Examination of currently used subjective and objective scar assessment tools in a plastic surgery scar clinic. A retrospective cohort study assessing long-term scar outcomes in paediatric burn patients. Results Limitations and drawbacks of many existing methods to assess scar treatments were found. No statistically significant difference in long-term scarring outcomes was found between paediatric burns patients treated surgically versus conservatively. A RCT for silicone gel sheeting in the treatment of scars was set up and successful in recruitment. Conclusions Here, we have demonstrated difficulties in establishing a scientific scar treatment model; and created a pilot study that will help to provide high-quality evidence for the efficacy of silicone gel sheeting as a treatment for scars.

Structural Analysis and Optimization Design of Motor Hanging Seat Structural Based on Pro/ENGINEER

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Shun Xi Gao ◽  
Shu Guo Zhao ◽  
Li Fang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Parametric Model ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Displacement Constraints

This paper establishes a parametric model on the motor hanging seat structure by pro / ENGINEER software, and then optimizes the structure of the hanging seat by the weight of the hanging seat as the objective function. Taking into account the stress and displacement constraints in the optimization process, the weight of the hanging seat is greatly reduced after being optimized. It is practical significance to save a large amount of raw materials for the mass production and to reduce production costs and create higher economic efficiency.

Surface Cross-linked UHMWPE: A Low Wear Material with Very High Fatigue Strength

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. e72
Author(s):  
Ebru Oral ◽  
Bassem Ghali ◽  
Shannon Rowell ◽  
Brad Micheli ◽  
Orhun Muratoglu
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
High Fatigue ◽  
Low Wear ◽  
Very High

Abstract 202: Door-to-needle-time at 20 Minutes is Feasible and Safe

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sille M Henriksen ◽  
Lise L Jeppesen ◽  
Anders Christensen ◽  
Hanne K Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Standard Work ◽  
Registration Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Set Up

Background: Effect size of intravenous fibrinolysis in acute stroke depends on time to treatment, while safety depends on a systematic identification of risk factors for bleeding complications. Fibrinolysis is in Denmark the treatment with most potential of modifying outcome in acute stroke patients both in a quantitative and qualitative perspective. We initiated a quality project aiming at reducing our median door-to-needle-time (DTN). The aim of this study was to obtain median DTN below 20 minutes accepting no increase in bleeding complications. Method: A team including neurologist, radiologist, stroke nurse and radiographer set up a structured patient admission process based on trauma team principles and experience with fibrinolysis. The team has immediate access to both CT and MRI; standard work up is CT + CTA. EMS informs of patients with likely symptoms of acute stroke and the patient is received by the team in a dedicated room. During a 3-month registration period from March to June 2013 an external person registered all cases of acute stroke evaluation. The registration covered time of symptom onset, time of arrival, needle time or decision of no thrombolysis and the distribution of the time used e.g. for blood sampling or CT. For comparison, data from our institution in 2012 was used. Results: A total of 157 patients were evaluated and 148 patients were registered; nine patients (5,7%) missed time registration, however no significant difference in thrombolysis ratio was found between the missing and registered group (p=0,473). Patients had a median age of 67 years and 53,4% was male. Forty-seven patients (31,8%) received fibrinolysis. The overall median time is 16 minutes 58 seconds. For patients receiving fibrinolysis, the DNT was 20 minutes 58 seconds and for patients not receiving treatment the median time to desiscion was 15 minutes 50 seconds. No symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages or other significant bleeding complications occured during the study period. Median DTN in 2012 was 49 minutes. Costs were neutral. Conclusion: DTN time can be reduced to 20 minutes by organizational interventions with no apparent effect on safety. NNT is reduced by 1 with every 20 minutes reduction in DTN so this intervention is likely to be highly clinically significant.

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