Ludwig Binswanger’s Comments on Hermann Rorschach’s Psychodiagnostik

2021 ◽  
pp. 0957154X2110625
Author(s):  
Marvin W Acklin ◽  
Peter Tokofsky ◽  
Reneau Kennedy ◽  
Peter Tokofsky ◽  
Marvin W Acklin
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Experimental Psychology ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Professional Colleague

This article presents an introduction to Ludwig Binswanger’s Comments on Hermann Rorschach’s Psychodiagnostik, published in the International Journal of Psychoanalysis in 1923, after Rorschach’s death in 1922. Binswanger, one of the most distinguished psychiatrists of the twentieth century and a close professional colleague and compatriot in the Swiss Psychiatric and Psychoanalytic Societies, was blazing new trails by incorporating turn-of-the-century phenomenology and experimental psychology into Swiss psychiatry. His comments, which have been noted for over 100 years but never before translated, are a critical review of Rorschach’s monograph, highlighting the undeveloped status of the test theory and philosophical foundations. Binswanger’s comments illuminate philosophical, conceptual and scientific pathways not taken in the development of the test following Rorschach’s untimely demise.

The Arrival of the Zarzuela in Budapest El rey que rabió by Ruperto Chapí

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 243-262
Author(s):  
Gloria A. Rodríguez-Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
String Quartets ◽  
Musical Theatre ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Going Public ◽  
Spanish Music ◽  
Written Performance

The appearance of zarzuela in Hungary is entirely unknown in musicology. In the present study, I discuss the currently unchartered reception of the zarzuela El rey que rabió (first performed in Spain in 1891) by Ruperto Chapí (1851-1909), a Spanish composer of over one hundred stage pieces and four string quartets. Premièred as Az unatkozó király in Budapest seven years later in 1898, Chapí’s zarzuela met with resounding success in the Hungarian press, a fervour which reverberated into the early decades of the twentieth century. Emil Szalai and Sándor Hevesi’s skilful Hungarian translation, together with Izsó Barna’s appropriate adjustments and reorchestration, accordingly catered the work to Budapest audiences. Through analysis of hand-written performance materials of Az unatkozó király (preserved in the National Széchényi Library), alongside a detailed study of the Hungarian reception, the profound interest in Spanish music–particularly in relation to musical theatre–amongst the turn-of-the-century Hungarian theatre-going public is revealed. This paper explores how Az unatkozó király became a success in Hungary.

Firearms and Princely Power in Ethiopia in the Nineteenth Century

1972 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Caulk
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Imperial Authority ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
National Leadership ◽  
Local Leaders

Several centuries after firearms had been introduced, they were still of little importance in Ethiopia, where cavalry continued to dominate warfare until the second half of the nineteenth century. Nevertheless, they were much sought after by local leaders ambitious to secure their autonomy or to grasp supreme authority. The first of these warlords to make himself emperor, Tēwodros (1855–68), owed nothing to firearms. However, his successors, Yohannis IV (1872–89) and Minīlik (d. 1913), did. Both excelled in their mastery of the new technology and acquired large quantities of quick-firing weapons. By the last quarter of the nineteenth century, possession of firearms — principally the breech loading rifle — had become a precondition for successfully contending for national leadership. Yet the wider revolution associated (as in Egypt) with the establishment of a European-style army did not follow. Nor was rearmament restricted to the following of the emperor. Despite the revival of imperial authority effected by Yohannis and Minīlik, rifles and even machine-guns were widely enough spread at the turn of the century to reinforce the fragmentation of power long characteristic of the Ethiopian state. Into the early twentieth century, it remained uncertain if the peculiar advantages of the capital in the import of arms would be made to serve centralization.

On History in Southwest Archaeology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Severin Fowles ◽  
Barbara Mills
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Southwest Archaeology ◽  
American Military ◽  
Archaeological Practice ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Historical Turn ◽  
History Of

As an introduction to the Handbook, this chapter examines the question of history in Southwest archaeology in two senses. First, it traces the intellectual history of research in the region: from the nineteenth-century inauguration of Southwest archaeology as an extension of American military conquest, to the museum-oriented expeditions of the turn of the century, to the scientific advances and the growth of culture resource management during the twentieth century, to the impacts of Indigenous critiques and the development of collaborative approaches most recently. Second, the chapter explores the shifting status of “history” as a central goal of archaeological practice. How have archaeologists constructed—or resisted—narratives to account for the contingent unfolding of Indigenous and colonial societies in the region? What bodies of method and theory have guided these efforts? In addressing these questions, the chapter marks and participates in a growing historical turn in Southwest archaeology.

scholarly journals Criminal Skins: Tattoos and Modern Architecture in the Work of Adolf Loos

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 235-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimena Canales ◽  
Andrew Herscher
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Less Is More ◽  
International Style

Adolf Loos’s famous essay, ‘Ornament and Crime’, decisively linked unornamented architecture with the culture of modernity and, in so doing, became one of the key formulations of modern architecture. To a great extent, the essay’s force comes from arguments drawn from nineteenth-century criminal anthropology. Nevertheless, Loos’s work has been consistently understood only within the context of the inter-war avant- gardes. In the 1920s, Le Corbusier was particularly enthusiastic in bringing Loos’s work to the fore, thereby establishing its future reception. ‘Ornament and Crime’ became an essential catalyst for architecture’s conversion away from the historicism of the nineteenth century to modernism. At the turn of the century, Loos’s essay already foreshadowed the white abstraction of ‘less is more’ architecture and the functionalist rigour of the International Style which would dominate the twentieth century.

Arnold Mitchell (1863–1944): ‘Fecundity’ and ‘Versatility’ in an Early Twentieth-Century Architect

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 199-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Sherriff
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Architectural Practice ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Younger Men

The architectural historian Roderick Gradidge, referring to the 1900s, wrote that ‘in architecture there have never been such opportunities for younger men as there were at the turn of the century’. Arnold Mitchell is an architect typical of those who took advantage of such opportunities, a man (women were yet to have the chance) who saw the economic and aesthetic potential for new architecture, both nationally and internationally. Understanding the nature of architectural practice should not be reliant solely upon knowledge of the stellar architects of any given period. It depends upon integrating others, one or two rungs down the ladder but who achieved success in their own sphere, into the corpus examined, in order to achieve a fuller understanding of the profession.

scholarly journals Organization of the Village of Cossack self-government as the basis of everyday life

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
Sergey Valentinovich Lyubichankovskiy ◽  
Elena Victorovna Godovova
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Village Government ◽  
The Village

The paper presents the evolution of the formation of the system of local government in the Cossack armies in Russia. Cossacks living in villages with towns belonging to it were Cossack society. Local Cossacks authority It was Village chieftain, Village descent, Village court, Cossack community. Organization of the Village government in the Cossack army was virtually identical to that due to the fact that the reform of the Cossack troops went on the model of the Don and Kuban troops. This system has been transformed at the beginning of the twentieth century. Fall elective responsibility, a manifestation of laziness and indifference of the Cossacks it was due to property, education and psychological disunity. Contemporaries noted that many members of the village office turn of the century were literate, prone to drunkenness and extortion. An increasing number of the Cossacks did not attend gatherings and did not pay the dues. But, despite this, the Cossack communities continued to live, to regulate agrarian relations, contributed to the development of health and education.

scholarly journals Virginia Woolf: Between writing and disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Ballester-Roca ◽  
Noelia Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Literary Legacy

The authors offer an analysis of mental illness in the work of a key twentieth century author: Virginia Woolf. A critical review of her literary legacy allows us to get closer to what might be one of the most intense literary portrayals of illness and its metaphors and, at the same time, to the representations, euphemisms, silences, and monsters depicted in the chapters of her life and in the unique voice of an essential author.

The Making of Baja California’s Multicultural Society

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Castillo-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Mexican Women ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Personal Lives

This chapter tells the story of how migration and intermarriage changed Baja California's social and racial landscape at the turn of the century. It draws heavily from census records and company reports written by managers and administrators who kept a close eye on the workers' health and productivity and, to a greater extent, their personal lives. The Compagnie du Boleo kept detailed records of European managerial workers who married Mexican women. Baja Californian historian Pablo Martínez published birth, marriage, and census records of different municipalities in Baja California that allowed me to trace marriages and families into the twentieth century.

Introduction: Catholic Higher Education in 1900

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Gleason
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Women's Colleges ◽  
The United States ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Catholic Higher Education ◽  
Catholic Colleges ◽  
Universities And Colleges ◽  
Age Range

A great many Catholic colleges existed in the United States at the opening of the twentieth century. Exactly how many it is impossible to say with certainty because any answer presupposes agreement on the answer to a prior question: “What should be counted as a college?” The Catholic Directory for 1900 listed 10 universities, 178 “colleges for boys,” 109 seminaries, and 662 “academies for girls.” According to this count, there were no Catholic women’s colleges at that time, although the College of Notre Dame of Maryland graduated its first baccalaureate class in 1899 and is included among the 128 colleges for women listed in U.S. Commissioner of Education’s Report for 1899-1900. The same Report, however, listed only 62 Catholic institutions among the 480 included under the heading: “Universities and colleges for men and for both sexes.” No doubt some Catholic colleges simply failed to provide the information necessary to appear in the Commissioner’s Report. But their failure to do so is in itself significant; and even assuming that is what happened, it still leaves an enormous gap between the Commissioner’s figures and the 188 colleges and universities reported in the Catholic Directory. Moreover, many of the “colleges for boys” could, with equal justice, have been called academies, since elementary- and secondary-level students made up the majority of their student bodies. As the case of Notre Dame of Maryland indicates, Catholic “academies for girls” were beginning to upgrade themselves to collegiate status. Had the word college been more freely applied to non-Catholic institutions for women at an earlier date, a good many of these academies would probably have called themselves colleges long before, for they did not differ all that much from the “colleges for boys” in terms of curricular offerings and age-range of students. While the situation of Catholic institutions was particularly murky, the question “What makes a college a college?” engaged the attention of practically everyone involved in secondary and collegiate education at the turn of the century.

Epilogue

2019 ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Tyler Carrington
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
The United States ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Contemporary World

The epilogue, which opens by tracing the legacy of Frieda Kliem’s Berlin throughout the rest of the twentieth century, insists that we cannot understand this famous twilight of “old” Germany and its transition into “new” Germany unless we take seriously the tensions surrounding love, intimacy, and dating that play out in Love at Last Sight. It further contends that the modern world—epitomized by the modern metropolis—not only exacerbated some of the long-standing and inherent risks of love, but also created a whole new set of dilemmas with which men and women throughout Germany, Europe, and the United States continue to grapple as they pursue love using similarly radical methods and technologies (most notably, online dating). The story of the Berliners who negotiated these same tensions at the turn of the century, the epilogue concludes, is thus eminently relevant to and instructive for our own contemporary world.

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