Conflicts, Confrontations and Conduits in Rural Environments: Is Resilience at Work in Gokwe South Rural District?

2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522110659
Author(s):  
Innocent Chirisa ◽  
Verna Nel
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Rural District ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Urban Status ◽  
Rural Environments ◽  
Land Disputes

This article explores conflicts, confrontations and conduits for sustainable development in rural environments. Fragility and degradation with a slight resilience manifest heavily in Gokwe South Rural District (GSRD), Zimbabwe. The article notes rural development as a double-edged sword, bringing tremendous opportunities for innovation but also causing increased ecological degradation. As such, it often results in conflicts and confrontations among stakeholders. Like many Zimbabwean rural settlements, GSRD is experiencing serious land disputes. conflicts arise from the proposed changes, like extension of infrastructure, perceived by some stakeholders as contrary to their interests and wishes. Using focus group discussions and thematic analysis, a trend of how conflicts and confrontations emerged was established in GSRD. The findings show that land transition from rural to urban status without consultations instigates conflict between different development agencies and communities.

scholarly journals Why Context Matters for Educational Policy – Analysing Interactive Practice in the Governance of Education for Sustainable Development in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (04) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Janne von Seggern ◽  
Mandy Singer-Brodowski
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
International Character

The implementation of global educational policies such as Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) entails different national strategies despite its international character. In Germany, the transfer of ESD is characterized by a multi-actor process including representatives from academia, administration, civil society organisations (CSOs), and educational practice – coordinated by the national state. On the basis of five focus group discussions, we examined how the individual actors coordinated their actions in this process. The results show that the communicative interactions of multi-actor processes mirror the specificity of the education sectors’ structures and dynamics. In our analysis, we thus conclude that ESD governance is more than a question of national and regional structures: we argue that an understanding of the structures and cultures of the involved educational areas can contribute to a differentiated knowledge for future ESD policies.

scholarly journals Endogenous conflict resolution mechanisms of the San people at Platfontein

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Y Gebregeorgis
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis

The objective of this study was to explore the endogenous conflict resolution mechanisms and practices of the San people at Platfontein, South Africa. To this end, data were collected from 304 interviews and 26 focus group discussions. The collected data were analysed through Inductive Thematic Analysis. The findings show that the San people have endogenous conflict resolution mechanisms which basically aim at restoring peace and harmony within the community. The endogenous mechanisms were found to be fairly participatory and supplementary to the state machineries that work for justice, peace and harmony. However, the conflict resolution mechanisms of the San people are currently weakening due to the impact of modernisation and the leadership dispute among the sub-groups of the community.

Career Aspirations Among Youth in Manipur: Studying the Barriers to Aspiration in a Conflict Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 089484531989092
Author(s):  
Sombala Ningthoujam ◽  
Vishwa Mohan Bansal ◽  
Teena Singh ◽  
Oinam Hemlata Devi ◽  
Maria Zafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Career Aspirations ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Job Opportunities

The aim of the study was to explore the career aspirations of the youth in Manipur, and data were collected through focus group discussions from 18 participants. The analysis of the data using thematic analysis was done to identify themes to develop an understanding of what careers these youth aspire for and the barriers to their aspirations. Four major themes identified were aspirations, barriers, support from family, and impact of the insurgency. The participants were found to have high career aspirations, clarity with regard to what they want to achieve in life, and desire to have careers that let them work for the betterment of their community. Limited job opportunities in Manipur and underdevelopment of private sector were attributed as major barriers. Participants from lower socioeconomic status reported facing greater challenge. Emotional as well as monetary support from family facilitated high career aspirations and perseverance in achieving them.

scholarly journals Social and cultural factors perpetuating early marriage in rural Gambia: an exploratory mixed methods study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1949
Author(s):  
Mat Lowe ◽  
Mamsamba Joof ◽  
Bomar Mendez Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Informant

Background: Over the last two decades, early marriage in the Gambia declined significantly (from 58% to 30%), however this rate is still high. The reasons for the decline but continuing practice of early marriage, despite existing legislation prohibiting child marriage, are not very well understood. Very few studies have been conducted to find out what and how local factors influence decisions about early marriage in the Gambia. More information is therefore needed on underlying reasons for the persistence of early marriage in the Gambia so that program managers can use this information to design strategies to decrease early marriages. Methods: The study was conducted in 24 rural settlements in Lower Baddibu District in the North Bank Region of the Gambia. It was based on a mixed-methods design including a cross-sectional household survey with a sample of 181 female adolescents, focus group discussions with 16 male and female parents, and eight key informant interviews with community-based decision makers. Focus group discussions and key informant interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic content analysis, while survey data were analyzed using Stata. Results: The study finds that ethnicity and the fear that girls may engage in premarital sex are two important factors associated with early marriage in rural Gambia. In addition, lack of meaningful alternatives to marriage including work opportunities in rural areas may also limit the options and resources available to girls, resulting in early wedlock. Conclusions: These findings suggest that in order to decrease early marriages in rural Gambia, future efforts should focus on understanding and addressing the role of ethnicity in determining marriage patterns and allaying the fear around premarital sex.The findings also suggest a need to provide girls with employment-oriented education including vocational skills which may result into more empowerment and a delay in marriage.

scholarly journals Masculinities and Aging in Ireland

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 826-826
Author(s):  
Aine Ni Leime
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cultural Images ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cultural Constructions ◽  
Cross National

Abstract There is a need for research to gain understanding of the social and cultural constructions of ageing masculinities that, as Gullette emphasises, operate together to construct a ‘culture of decline’. This presentation explores how cultural images of older men inform constructions of ageing and lived realities in Ireland. It draws on the Irish findings from a cross-national, inter-disciplinary project conducted in 2019 investigating older men’s perceptions of how they are represented in film and advertising. It applies innovative narrative and thematic analysis to data from four focus group discussions, interviews and reflective diaries, to explore participants’ (Irish men aged 65+) reactions to the portrayal of older men in TV and film. Stereotypes identified included older men as conservative, grumpy, sad, streetwise, trickster, or action hero. Thematic analysis identified themes including men’s identification with their jobs; their diminishing roles in the family; and old age as a matter of perception.

scholarly journals Social and cultural factors perpetuating early marriage in rural Gambia: an exploratory mixed methods study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1949
Author(s):  
Mat Lowe ◽  
Mamsamba Joof ◽  
Bomar Mendez Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Key Informant

Background: Over the last two decades, early marriage in the Gambia declined significantly (from 58% to 30%), however this rate is still high. The reasons for the decline but continuing practice of early marriage, despite existing legislation prohibiting child marriage, are not very well understood. Very few studies have been conducted to find out what and how local factors influence decisions about early marriage in the Gambia. More information is therefore needed on underlying reasons for the persistence of early marriage in the Gambia so that program managers can use this information to design strategies to decrease early marriages. Methods: The study was conducted in 24 rural settlements in Lower Baddibu District in the North Bank Region of the Gambia. It was based on a mixed-methods design including a cross-sectional household survey with a sample of 181 female adolescents, focus group discussions with 16 male and female parents, and eight key informant interviews with community-based decision makers. Focus group discussions and key informant interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic content analysis, while survey data were analyzed using Stata. Results: The study finds that ethnicity and the fear that girls may engage in premarital sex are two important factors associated with early marriage in rural Gambia. In addition, lack of meaningful alternatives to marriage including work opportunities in rural areas may also limit the options and resources available to girls, resulting in early wedlock. Conclusions: These findings suggest that in order to decrease early marriages in rural Gambia, future efforts should focus on understanding and addressing the role of ethnicity in determining marriage patterns and allaying the fear around premarital sex.The findings also suggest a need to provide girls with employment-oriented education including vocational skills which may result into more empowerment and a delay in marriage.

Nursing Group Empowerment: Instrument Revision

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Christina L. Sieloff ◽  
Marty Downey ◽  
Rebecca L. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Student Nurse ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Group Empowerment

Background and Purpose:The Sieloff–King Assessment of Group Empowerment Within Organizations (SKAGEO) has demonstrated consistent reliability and validity, although past participants reported the need for revisions to further improve its clarity and ease of use in research. The purpose of this research was to use focus groups to revise the SKAGEO.Methods:Two focus groups were held (seven RNs and one student nurse). Thematic analysis was used to analyze the focus group discussions.Results:Five major themes, and eleven subthemes, were identified as areas for future revisions to further improve the instrument’s clarity and use in research.Conclusions:Revisions in the SKAGEO, based on the areas identified by the focus groups, would result in an instrument that would more easily be understood and incorporated into research.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Investigation of Young Female Dancers’ Use of Imagery

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Muir ◽  
Krista J. Munroe-Chandler ◽  
Todd Loughead
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Practical Implications

Although dancers have noted using imagery to mentally rehearse a routine, understand and reinforce movement, inspire strong emotions, and lower arousal levels, this finding is specific to adult dancers, overlooking imagery use with young dancers. The current study qualitatively examined the 4 Ws of imagery use (where, when, what, and why) with female dancers 7–14 years of age. Twenty-three female dancers (Mage = 10.43, SD = 2.19) from various dance styles participated in 1 of 4 focus-group discussions. Thematic analysis revealed findings similar to those identified in the domains of both adult dance and children’s sport. There were, however, findings emerging from the current study specific to young female dancers. These findings are provided, in addition to practical implications for dance instructors.

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