Association of Risk Factors for Early Childhood Disability in Rural Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110483
Author(s):  
Shahnaz H. Ibrahim ◽  
Arjumand Rizvi ◽  
Anjum M. Ahmed ◽  
Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Childhood Disability ◽  
Rural Pakistan

scholarly journals Sugary Liquids in the Baby Bottle: Risk for Child Undernutrition and Severe Tooth Decay in Rural El Salvador

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Priyanka Achalu ◽  
Abhishek Bhatia ◽  
Bathsheba Turton ◽  
Lucy Luna ◽  
Karen Sokal-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Baby Bottle ◽  
Childhood Caries

As communities worldwide shift from consuming traditional diets to more processed snacks and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), increases in child obesity and tooth decay and persistence of undernutrition are particularly apparent in Latin American countries. Further evidence of shared risk factors between child undernutrition and poor oral health outcomes is needed to structure more effective health interventions for children’s nutrition. This study aims to identify dietary, oral health, and sociodemographic risk factors for child undernutrition and severe early childhood caries (sECC) among a convenience sample of 797 caregiver–child pairs from rural Salvadoran communities. Caregiver interviews on child dietary and oral health practices were conducted, and their children’s height, weight, and dental exam data were collected. Multivariable regression analyses were performed using RStudio (version 1.0.143). Caregiver use of SSBs in the baby bottle was identified as a common significant risk factor for child undernutrition (p = 0.011) and sECC (p = 0.047). Early childhood caries (p = 0.023) was also a risk factor for developing undernutrition. Future maternal–child health and nutrition programs should coordinate with oral health interventions to discourage feeding children SSBs in the baby bottle and to advocate for policies limiting SSB marketing to young children and their families.

scholarly journals Differences in Early Childhood Risk Factors for Juvenile-Onset and Adult-Onset Depression

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara R. Jaffee ◽  
Terrie E. Moffitt ◽  
Avshalom Caspi ◽  
Eric Fombonne ◽  
Richie Poulton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Juvenile Onset ◽  
Childhood Risk Factors

scholarly journals The concurrent and longitudinal associations of temperament and nutritional risk factors in early childhood

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. van den Heuvel ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
K. Abdullah ◽  
J. L. Maguire ◽  
P. C. Parkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Longitudinal Associations

scholarly journals Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and the Clustering of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Early Childhood

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura N. Anderson ◽  
Gerald Lebovic ◽  
Jill Hamilton ◽  
Anthony J. Hanley ◽  
Brian W. McCrindle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

Is Childhood General Anesthesia Exposure An Etiological Contributor to Cognitive Impairment?

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Yi Tian ◽  
Peiyu Liu ◽  
Weisong Liu ◽  
Qiaojing Xu ◽  
Xiangkun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Immature Brain

General anesthesia is necessary for patients to undergo surgery and invasive procedures. However, numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated widespread developmental neurotoxicity of the commonly used anesthetics and sedatives for the immature brain. Clinical studies also suggest a strong correlation between childhood anesthesia exposure and subsequent behavioral or cognitive impairment in adulthood. These findings have attracted increasing attention of anesthesiologists, pediatricians, and caregivers about the safety of anesthesia exposure in children, especially during early childhood. Herein, the aim of this review was to present the molecular mechanism of general anesthesia and its effects on the developing brain and introduce the recent clinical evidence of changes in cognition function post-childhood general anesthesia exposure. More importantly, some of the spots will be importantly discussed to scrutinize the phenomena; only in this way, it may help minimize or eliminate relevant risk factors.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with early childhood caries – a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Marina De Deus Moura Lima ◽  
Zacarias Soares Brito-Neto ◽  
Heylane Oliveira Amaral ◽  
Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima ◽  
Marcoeli Silva de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC).Methods: It was an observational retrospective case-control study. The case group consisted of all patients diagnosed with ECC in the records of an active program of maternal and child care. The control group was composed of an equal number of children, matched for gender and age, who attended the program and did not have ECC. The process of data collection consisted of completing a pre-established schedule to analyse variables related to the mother/caregiver and child.Statisticalanalysis was performed using the chi-squared and odds ratio (OR), with alpha (α) = 0.05.Results: History of caries in the mother (OR=2.61; CI 95%=1.45-4.67) and father (OR=1.72; CI 95%=1.02-2.89) were key determinants in the child being diagnosed with ECC.Conclusions: The risk factors associated with ECC were the following: no oral hygiene acceptance, nocturnal feeding duration of more than 16 months, a daily intake of sugar greater than 4 times a day, a Baume type II maxillary arch, fewer than 3 consultations with the program, and a history of decay in the parents.

scholarly journals Maawandoonan: early childhood disability support services in Constance Lake First Nation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Ineese-Nash
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Service System ◽  
First Nation ◽  
Childhood Disability ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Disability Support Services ◽  
Disability Theory ◽  
Disability Support ◽  
The Impact

This paper details an institutional ethnography conducted in Constance Lake First Nation, a rural Oji-Cree community in northern Ontario, Canada. The study is a part of a larger project called the Inclusive Early Childhood Service System Project, which is partnered with several municipalities and service organizations in four communities across Ontario. The current project examined six family narratives of accessing disability support services for young children. The project seeks to understand how the service system functions from the perspective of families, and the impact of institutional interactions on families within the service system. Employing critical disability theory and Indigenous perspectives of child development, the study seeks to develop a culturally-based conceptualization of disability support for Indigenous children with disabilities or gifts.

scholarly journals Molecular Evidence of Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Hepatitis G Virus among Women without Known Risk Factors for Parenteral Infections

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2333-2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Menéndez ◽  
José-María Sánchez-Tapias ◽  
Pedro-Luis Alonso ◽  
Mireia Giménez-Barcons ◽  
Elizeus Kahigwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Hepatitis G

Hepatitis G virus (HGV) RNA was detected in 18 of 133 pregnant women from Tanzania without known risk factors for HGV infection and in 7 of 18 children born to HGV RNA-positive mothers. Molecular evidence of mother-to-infant transmission was obtained only for three of seven children. HGV RNA was also detected in 4 of 42 children born to non-HGV-infected women. Thus, mechanisms other than materno-filial may play an important role in HGV transmission during early childhood.

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