Impact of transcranial magnetic stimulation on the symptom profile of major depressive episode

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara May ◽  
Saxby Pridmore
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Before And After

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the effects of a four-week course of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on the following symptoms of major depressive episode (MDE): mood, work activities, health concerns, guilt, anxiety and retardation. Method: Patients underwent 20 daily sessions of 10 Hz TMS (two sets of 10 daily treatments separated by two days of rest). The six-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-6) was administered before and after treatment. Remission was operationalised as a HAMD-6 score of <4. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to compare pre/post scores on HAMD-6 subscales, and logistic regression was used to understand symptoms that predicted remission/non-remission. Results: There were 104 participants (79 female; 76%), with a mean age of 44.6 years ( SD=15.7 years). There was a significant improvement in the whole sample and in remitters ( n=70) on all subscales. However, those who failed to remit did not achieve significant reductions in ‘health concerns’ and ‘retardation’. There were no difference in age and sex between remitters and non-remitters. Also, there were no significant differences between the remitters and non-remitters on the pretreatment depression symptom profiles. No predictors of response were identified, as expected. Conclusions: TMS has the ability to reduce all listed MDE symptoms. No pretreatment MDE symptom profile was identified which might carry prognostic value.

ECT response after relapse during continuation repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. A case report

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Conca ◽  
W. Hrubos ◽  
J. Di Pauli ◽  
P. König ◽  
A. Hausmann
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Short Term Outcome ◽  
Maintenance Ect

AbstractResearch on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) indicates that the treatment of non-psychotic depression is comparable to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in terms of short-term outcome. We report on a woman who exerted a recurrent moderate major depressive episode, 6 months after discontinuation of maintenance ECT. She responded to acute rTMS treatment which was followed by the rTMS maintenance-protocol. Within 2 months of continuation rTMS she relapsed suffering from a severe non psychotic depressive episode and had to be switched to a successful ECT. In this patient rTMS had a good clinical impact as an acute treatment strategy, but failed to prevent relapse as the continuation ECT previously did in the same patient.

Impairment of endothelial protection by ischemic postconditioning in patients with major depressive disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 647-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanjun Zhuo ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Hongjun Tian ◽  
Xiaohui Wang ◽  
Yuhui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Ischemic Postconditioning ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive

This study used a model of ischemia–reperfusion injury to the brachial artery endothelium to investigate whether the protective role of ischemic postconditioning (IPostC) is impaired in patients with major depressive episode. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured before and after ischemia–reperfusion in the absence or presence of IPostC in 24 patients with major depressive disorder and 20 healthy controls. In addition, the severity of the depression, as assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores, and plasma nitrogen dioxide (NOx) levels were also determined. Ischemia–reperfusion resulted in a significant decrease in FMD in both patients with a major depressive episode and healthy controls. IPostC effectively prevented this decrease in FMD in healthy controls, but not in patients with a major depressive episode. HDRS and BDI scores were markedly increased, but plasma NOx levels decreased, in patients with a major depressive episode compared with those in healthy controls. Correlation analysis showed that HDRS and BDI scores and plasma NOx levels were significantly associated with post-ischemia–reperfusion FMD. These results suggest that endothelial protection by IPostC is impaired in patients with major depressive disorder, which may be related to the decrease in endothelial nitric oxide production and the severity of the depression.

scholarly journals Oxolipidomics profile in major depressive disorder: Comparing remitters and non-remitters to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246592
Author(s):  
Hannah Stirton ◽  
Benjamin P. Meek ◽  
Andrea L. Edel ◽  
Zahra Solati ◽  
Arun Surendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Predict Treatment Response

Background Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation [rTMS] is increasingly being used to treat Major Depressive Disorder [MDD]. Given that not all patients respond to rTMS, it would be clinically useful to have reliable biomarkers that predict treatment response. Oxidized phosphatidylcholine [OxPC] and some oxylipins are important plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Not only is depression associated with oxidative stress, but rTMS has been shown to have anti-oxidative effects. Objectives To investigate whether plasma oxolipidomics profiles could predict treatment response in patients with treatment resistant MDD. Methods Fourty-eight patients undergoing rTMS treatment for MDD were recruited along with nine healthy control subjects. Plasma OxPCs and oxylipins were extracted and analyzed through high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Patients with a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score [Ham-D] ≤7 post-treatment were defined as having entered remission. Results Fifty-seven OxPC and 32 oxylipin species were identified in our subjects. MDD patients who entered remission following rTMS had significantly higher pre-rTMS levels of total and fragmented OxPCs compared to non-remitters and controls [one-way ANOVA, p<0.05]. However, no significant changes in OxPC levels were found as a result of rTMS, regardless of treatment response [p>0.05]. No differences in plasma oxylipins were found between remitters and non-remitters at baseline. Conclusion Certain categories of OxPCs may be useful predictive biomarkers for response to rTMS treatment in MDD. Given that elevated oxidized lipids may indicate higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain, patients with this phenotype of depression may be more receptive to rTMS treatment.

scholarly journals Importance of retardation and fatigue/interest domains for the diagnosis of major depressive episode after stroke: a four months prospective study

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa de Marillac Niro Terroni ◽  
Renério Fráguas ◽  
Mara de Lucia ◽  
Gisela Tinone ◽  
Patricia Mattos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Neurology Clinic

OBJECTIVE: Post-stroke major depressive episode is very frequent, but underdiagnosed. Researchers have investigated major depressive episode symptomatology, which may increase its detection. This study was developed to identify the depressive symptoms that better differentiate post-stroke patients with major depressive episode from those without major depressive episode. METHOD: We screened 260 consecutive ischemic stroke patients admitted to the neurology clinic of a university hospital. Seventy-three patients were eligible and prospectively evaluated. We assessed the diagnosis of major depressive episode using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and the profile of depressive symptoms using the 31-item version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. For data analysis we used cluster analyses and logistic regression equations. RESULTS: Twenty-one (28.8%) patients had a major depressive episode. The odds ratio of being diagnosed with major depressive episode was 3.86; (95% CI, 1.23-12.04) for an increase of one unit in the cluster composed by the domains of fatigue/interest and retardation, and 2.39 (95% CI, 1.21-4.71) for an increase of one unit in the cluster composed by the domains of cognitive, accessory and anxiety symptoms. The domains of eating/weight and insomnia did not contribute for the major depressive episode diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The domains of retardation and interest/fatigue are the most relevant for the diagnosis of major depressive episode after stroke.

Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis of Patients With Depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1143-1143
Author(s):  
M. He ◽  
Z. Gu ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
X. Tian
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Before And After

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of sleep electroencephalogram-modulated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (SEM-rTMS) and conventional rTMS (C-rTMS) on the activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in patients with depression.MethodsIn a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 164 patients diagnosed with depression were randomized to treatment with SEM-rTMS (n = 57), C-rTMS (n = 55) or sham rTMS (n = 52) for 30 min every day for 10 d. Before and after treatment plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) were measured, and the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) was used for assessment.ResultsThe HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH and CORT concentrations of these depressive patients before treatment were significantly different from those of the normal control group (P < 0.05). The HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH and CORT concentrations in the SEM-r TMS group and conventional rTMS group were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH (n = 240, r = 0.105, P = 0.048) and CORT concentrations (n = 240, r = 0.126, P = 0.023) in the patients with depression before and after treatment.ConclusionThe antidepressant effect of rTMS, including SEM-rTMS, may be related to its decreasing HPA axis activity. (This trail was registered. No: ChiCTR-TRC-00000465).

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