scholarly journals Canine Cutaneous Clear Cell Adnexal Carcinoma: Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry, and Biologic Behavior of 26 Cases

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Y. Schulman ◽  
T. P. Lipscomb ◽  
T. J. Atkin
Keyword(s):  
Clear Cell ◽  
Regional Lymph Node ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Dermal Papilla ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm

Thirty tumors including 27 distinctive cutaneous neoplasms and 3 metastatic tumors from 26 dogs were collected from diagnostic submissions to 3 laboratories. Characteristic histopathologic features included location in the subcutis or dermis (or both); lobular, nodular, and nest-like architecture; and a component of epithelioid cells with clear cytoplasm. Additional features present in most cases included follicular dermal papilla-like structures, low mitotic index, nuclear pleomorphism, necrosis, and mineralization. Cytoplasmic periodic acid Schiff—positivity, which was abolished by pretreatment with diastase, indicated the presence of glycogen in all cases. The oil red O stain did not demonstrate cytoplasmic lipid. Melanin granules, accentuated by the Fontana-Masson method, were observed infrequently. A sparsely cellular mucinous stroma and stromal cartilaginous differentiation were uncommon. By immunohistochemistry, neoplastic cells stained positively for cytokeratin (29 of 29), vimentin (28 of 28), S-100 protein (24 of 29), and melan A (8 of 12); results were negative for smooth muscle actin and calponin in all cases. Clinical follow-up information was obtained on all 26 dogs. One tumor recurred, 1 metastasized to a regional lymph node, and 1 metastasized to regional lymph nodes twice. In another case, possible pulmonary metastasis was noted radiographically. The findings are consistent with a poorly differentiated, low-grade, adnexal carcinoma of the skin. Similar canine cutaneous neoplasms have been reported as “clear-cell hidradenocarcinoma” and “follicular stem cell carcinoma.” The authors propose the designation “cutaneous clear cell adnexal carcinoma.”

Conjunctival myxoid stromal tumour: a distinctive clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1259-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yi Qin ◽  
Zhe-Hao Jin ◽  
You-Pei Wang ◽  
Zong-Duan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Stromal Tumour ◽  
Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Multiple Spindle ◽  
Immunohistochemical Stains

Background/aimsTo describe the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of 10 patients representing a new entity of benign conjunctival myxoid stromal tumours.MethodsRetrospective review of clinical findings, histopathological and immunohistochemical studies identified 10 cases of low-grade conjunctival myxoid stromal tumours. Specimens were routinely processed and stained with H&E. Immunohistochemical stains for CD34, CD68, vimentin, S100, smooth muscle actin (SMA), myosin, desmin, actin, Bcl-2 and Ki-67 were performed. Specific stains for Alcian-blue periodic acid-Schiff (AB-PAS) and aldehyde fuchsin stains were also performed.ResultsTen patients with an average age of 45.6±11.1 years had a tender white or faint yellow to red mass on the bulbar conjunctiva. All the lesions were completely removed, and none of the patients relapsed. Histologically, all neoplasms consisted of spindle-shaped cells that showed signs of pseudonuclear inclusions, multinuclear cells and had no atypia. The stroma consisted of a large amount of mucus and was infiltrated with delicate to ropey collagens, a few mast cells and new vessels. Immunohistochemical stains were positive for CD34, vimentin and Bcl-2; partial positive for CD68; very low for Ki-67; and negative for S100, SMA, myosin, desmin and actin. AB-PAS suggested that the stroma was mucinous.ConclusionsThese rare benign mesenchymal conjunctival tumours are mostly unilateral and occur in the bulbar conjunctiva. Complete resection is the radical treatment. These lesions are characterised by multiple spindle cells, a large amount of mucus, and sharing similar basic histopathological features with conjunctival myxoma and conjunctival stromal tumour. We suggest naming these lesions ‘conjunctival myxoid stromal tumours’.

scholarly journals A Case of Canine Apocrine Sweat Gland Adenoma, Clear Cell Variant

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nibe ◽  
K. Uchida ◽  
T. Itoh ◽  
S. Tateyama
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Clear Cells ◽  
Apocrine Sweat Gland ◽  
Cell Variant ◽  
Clear Cell Variant

A cutaneous mass at the base of the retroauricular region of a 4-year-old, female Golden Retriever was examined pathologically. Histologically, the mass formed multiple nodules consisting of a proliferation of large clear cells with abundant cytoplasm. Mitotic figures among the neoplastic cells were very sparse. The large clear cells were intensely positive for cytokeratins (AE1/AE4, cytokeratin 8 and 18) and moderately positive for lysozyme and contained periodic acid-Schiff-positive granules in the cytoplasm. In addition, small flat cells lined the islands of neoplastic large clear cells, and these were strongly positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin and vimentin, and some were positive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE4), suggesting they were myoepithelial cells. No local recurrence or metastasis has been recognized during the 18 months since surgical excision. On the basis of these findings, the present tumor was diagnosed as apocrine sweat gland adenoma, clear cell variant. There have been few previous reports of canine apocrine adenomas showing a clear cell morphology.

Clear Cell Melanoma: A Cutaneous Clear Cell Malignancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 138 (10) ◽  
pp. 1328-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Pletneva ◽  
Aleodor Andea ◽  
Nallasivam Palanisamy ◽  
Bryan L. Betz ◽  
Shannon Carskadon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Clear Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Braf V600e ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Cell Malignancy

Clear cell melanoma is a rare clear cell malignancy. Accurate diagnosis of clear cell melanoma requires integration of immunohistochemical and morphologic findings, with molecular studies to rule out clear cell sarcoma. The differential diagnosis includes melanoma, carcinoma, perivascular epithelioid cell tumor, and epidermotropic clear cell sarcoma. We use a case of a lesion on the helix of an 86-year-old man as an example. Histologic examination revealed an ulcerated clear cell malignant tumor. Tumor cell cytoplasm contained periodic acid-Schiff–positive, diastase-sensitive glycogen. Tumor cells showed positive labeling for S100, HMB-45, and Melan-A, and negative labeling for cytokeratins, p63, and smooth muscle actin. Molecular studies demonstrated BRAF V600E mutation, copy gains at the 6p25 (RREB1) and 11q13 (CCND1) loci, and absence of EWSR1-ATF1 fusion. These findings supported a diagnosis of clear cell melanoma. The rare pure clear cell morphology occurs due to accumulation of intracytoplasmic glycogen. We review the differential diagnosis of clear cell melanoma and describe the utility of immunohistochemical and molecular studies in confirming this diagnosis.

New Names for Old Tumors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Wong ◽  
Kevin M Waters ◽  
Maha Guindi ◽  
Brent K Larson
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Early Type ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Clear Cells ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Objectives Previous studies described “clear cell” hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), although definitions have varied. New clear cell subtypes of HCC have been proposed, including chromophobe (C-HCC), steatohepatitic (SH-HCC), and steatotic (S-HCC), and this study assessed the utility and clinical-pathologic profile of these subtypes. Methods Current histologic definitions, including 3 separate proposed definitions for SH-HCC, were applied to tumors previously characterized as clear cell HCC. Histologic and clinical variables were analyzed. Results Of 66 HCCs, 51 (77%) were classified using modern definitions, including 34 SH-HCCs, 15 S-HCCs, and 2 C-HCCs. Compared with the most permissive SH-HCC definition, the other 2 definitions designated 30 and 25 SH-HCCs (−12% and −26% cases, respectively). Unsurprisingly, S-HCC and SH-HCC were associated with steatotic clear cells (P < .0001). S-HCC was also more typically early type and low grade (P = .0017). The remaining unclassified clear cell HCCs were associated with flocculent (rather than steatotic or optically clear) cytoplasm (P < .0001) but otherwise demonstrated no discrete clinical-pathologic profile. Conclusions Current definitions could be used to reclassify the majority of “clear cell” HCCs. The subtypes are significantly correlated with a few variables, suggesting valid differences of the subtypes, although additional study is warranted, particularly to standardize the definition of SH-HCC.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Lung Lesions in Aging Laboratory Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Cooper ◽  
J. W. Griffith ◽  
Z. C. Chroneos ◽  
J. M. Izer ◽  
L. B. Willing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Heterotopic Bone ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Age Related

Spontaneous age-related lesions of laboratory rabbits are not well documented in the contemporary scientific literature. A retrospective study of diagnostic necropsies of 36 rabbits >2 years of age found a number of common lung lesions. Fibromuscular intimal hyperplasia affected medium and to a lesser extent large pulmonary arteries and was present to a variable extent in all 36 rabbits >2 years of age. The lesions were characterized by fragmentation and/or reduplication of the internal elastic lamina (IEL), proliferation of smoothelin+/alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)+/vimentin− smooth muscle cells and fewer smoothelin−/α-SMA+/vimentin+ myofibroblasts, and intimal deposition of collagen without thrombosis, embolism, or evidence of pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary emphysema, present in 30/36 rabbits, was characterized by the loss of alveolar septa; most affected rabbits did not have clinical signs of respiratory disease. In 8/13 rabbits of the inbred EIII/JC audiogenic strain, we identified a unique syndrome of granulomatous pneumonia containing hyaline brown to gray, globular to ring-like acellular material that was Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff positive. The material was immunoreactive for surfactant protein-A and had the ultrastructural appearance of multilamellar vesicles, suggesting a genetic defect in surfactant metabolism. Additionally, we found small benign primary lung tumors (fibropapillomas, 5 rabbits) not previously described. Other findings included heterotopic bone (5 rabbits), subacute to chronic suppurative bronchopneumonia, pyogranulomatous pneumonia with plant material, and pulmonary artifacts from barbiturate euthanasia solution.

Mast cell infiltration associated with tubulointerstitial fibrosis in chronic Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yichao Wu ◽  
Zhihong Liu ◽  
Weixin Hu ◽  
Leishi Li
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Aristolochic Acid ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy

Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy (AAN) is regarded as a kind of toxic nephropathy caused by the formation of DNA- aristolochic acid adducts in renal parenchymal cells. However, the underlying mechanisms driving the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in AAN still remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the role of some immunological factors, especially mast cells (MCs), in the pathogenesis of AAN. Sixteen patients with AAN were enrolled in this study, including five acute and 11 chronic AAN. Monoclonal antibodies against human tryptase, alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and CD68 were applied on serial sections, which were further counterstained with Periodic Acid-Schiff. It was found that massive tryptase-positive MCs were observed in the fibrotic areas in chronic AAN, especially around thickened tubular basement membranes where myofibroblasts accumulated too. In contrast, MCs infiltrated to a less extent in acute AAN, and were barely found in normal control kidneys. In chronic AAN, the number of MCs in the tubulointerstitium was positively correlated with the degree of renal fibrosis ( r=0.64, P<0.05), but not with serum creatinine levels. Meanwhile, the recruitment of MCs into the renal interstitium is accompanied with local proliferation of myofibroblasts. Macrophages were not abundant, neither in acute nor in chronic AAN. Our findings show for the first time that mast cell infiltration seems to be associated with the progression of fibrosis in the renal tubulointerstitium in chronic AAN.

scholarly journals Primary sinonasal renal cell-like adenocarcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Gou ◽  
Yanzhe Wang ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Peigang Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm ◽  
The Right ◽  
Irregular Mass

Abstract BackgroundPrimary sinonasal renal cell-like adenocarcinoma (SNRCLA) is an extremely rare neoplasm with unique clinical and pathological features. At present, there is no summary of its clinical and pathological characteristics. We treated one case and reported to here. Review the domestic and foreign literature, summarize its clinical pathological characteristics and diagnosis and treatment.CaseA 69-year-old female presented with repeated epistaxis, nasal obstruction of 2-years’ duration. Computed tomography (CT) was performed revealing an irregular mass of the right nasal cavity involving choana and nasopharynx. The patient was treated with endonasal endoscopic resection. Histologically, SNRCLA was very similar to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the tumor cells were round or polygonal in size with abundant clear cytoplasm and uniform nuclei. The tumor cells positive for CK7, Vimentin, EMA, S-100, Ki-67 (5% +) and negative for CEA, P53, P63 by immunohistochemical staining,. The patient is free from recurrence over 27 months after the surgery.ConclusionSNRCLA seems to be a low-grade localized carcinoma associated with favorable prognosis. Surgical resection is recommended as the main stay of treatment.

scholarly journals Epithelioid Myoepithelioma of the Parotid Gland: A Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Samar ◽  
Rodolfo Avila ◽  
Marta Furnes ◽  
Ismael Fonseca ◽  
Hugo Juri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Rare Tumour ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumours ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma

The diagnosis and classification of salivary gland tumours is complicated by the wide variety of histological types that exist. Many authors attribute this complexity to the myoepithelial component of these tumours. The objective of this study is to evaluate the histological and immunohistochemical properties of a parotid gland myoepithelioma, in order to further our understanding of the differential diagnosis of salivary gland tumours which contain myoepitheliocytes. Histological specimens were analyzed using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid Schiff (PAS), Cason, Alcian blue, toluidine blue, a-SMA, p63 and ki67. The tumour examined was completely encapsulated, with solid cellular regions delimitated by a stroma. The stroma consisted of wide acidophilic and PAS-positive hyaline septae with areas of metachromasia. The tumour cells contained clear cytoplasm and round nuclei with lax chromatin, although some had more elongated nuclei and occasional dense chromatin. Neither cellular atypia nor mitotic figures were observed. Immunostaining was positive for a-SMA and p63, while it was negative for ki67. The histological characteristics of the tumour analyzed were consistent with a benign myoepithelioma, a rare tumour which represents less than 1% of salivary gland neoplasias. Immunostaining confirmed the morphological diagnosis of myoepithelioma. The absence of cytological changes and mitosis and its encapsulation differentiate it from its malignant counterpart. In comparison to pleomorphic adenoma, the myoepithelioma does not demonstrate ductal differentiation or chondromyxoid stroma. Importantly, the epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma does develop tubular structures not seen in myoepithelioma. p63, which may act as an oncogene, is expressed within the nuclei of myoepitheliocytes of normal salivary glands. Its expression is retained in tumour myoepitheliocytes and thus it may play a role in oncogenesis.

scholarly journals An Unusual Presentation of Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma: Case Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Lida Velázquez DDS, MSc ◽  
Carlos Claudio DDS, MSc, PhD ◽  
Roger Pfuro
Keyword(s):  
Clear Cell ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Clear Cytoplasm ◽  
Odontogenic Carcinoma

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC) is a uncommon aggressive neoplasm of variable performance, which is primarily located in the mandibular anterior region, to a lesser extent in the maxilla, with prevalence in women between the fifth and seventh decades of life. Histologically it is constituted by networks of cells with clear cytoplasm mixed with cells containing eosinophilic cytoplasm rich in glycogen, surrounded by bands of collagen, you can make the local or distant metastases, highly recurrent, so it should include long-term follow-up patient and differentiated from other conditions with clear cell. The case of a male patient aged 52, with a mixed injury unusual presentation covering maxilla, zygomatic, orbital and right nasal cavity, without involvement of regional lymph nodes, no apparent metastases is reported. 

scholarly journals Hypertrophic gastropathy associated with gastric sarcoma in a dog

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Mariarita Romanucci ◽  
Paolo E. Crisi ◽  
Maria Veronica Giordano ◽  
Morena Di Tommaso ◽  
Francesco Simeoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Partial Gastrectomy ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Gastric Body ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Gastric Lumen

A 14-y-old spayed female Labrador Retriever was presented with an 8-mo history of chronic vomiting. Abdominal ultrasound and gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a mass protruding into the gastric lumen, with cytologic features suggestive of sarcoma. A partial gastrectomy was performed; the gastric body and antrum were thickened, with a cerebriform appearance of the mucosal surface. Histologic examination revealed a submucosal neoplastic proliferation of fusiform cells variably arranged in irregular bundles and scattered whorls. Fusiform cells strongly reacted to antibodies against vimentin, S100, and neuron-specific enolase; glial fibrillary acidic protein was moderately and multifocally expressed. Pancytokeratin, KIT, α–smooth muscle actin, and desmin were nonreactive. Histologic and immunohistochemical findings suggested a diagnosis of gastric sarcoma with features referable to a non-GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor), non–smooth muscle NIMT (non-angiogenic, non-lymphogenic intestinal mesenchymal tumor). The overlying gastric mucosa was thickened by elongated and dilated gastric glands, predominantly lined by intensely periodic acid-Schiff–stained mucous cells. This altered mucosal architecture was suggestive of Ménétrier-like disease. Although this disease has been hypothesized to predispose to gastric adenocarcinoma in dogs, an association with gastric sarcoma has not been documented previously in the veterinary literature, to our knowledge.

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