Mutations of p53 gene in canine sweat gland carcinomas probably associated with UV radiation

Introduction Apocrine sweat gland carcinomas (ASGCs) are rare malignant skin tumours in dogs and humans. The literature published so far focuses mostly on the clinico-epidemiological aspect of these tumours, but little is known about their pathogenesis. In this study we aimed to determine whether the p53 gene is involved in the carcinogenesis of the apocrine sweat gland in dogs and whether ultraviolet radiation (UV) is related to it. Material and Methods Forty canine ASGCs were submitted to laser capture microdissection to isolate neoplastic cells, from which DNA was subsequently extracted. PCR amplification and sequencing of p53 exons 2–8 was then performed, followed by computer analysis of the obtained sequences. Results Sixteen mutations within the p53 gene were found in 13 tumours. The mutations involved C → T, T → C, G → A, and CC → TT transitions, C → G transversion and adenine deletion, which are gene alteration types known to be related to UV radiation in the process of skin carcinogenesis in humans. Six of the thirteen tumour cases displayed the C → T transitions in the same location in exon 4 and three of the thirteen cases displayed T → C in the same location in exon 5. Conclusion The results of the present study indicate both the participation of the p53 gene and the influence of UV radiation in the formation of ASGCs in dogs.

The Detailed Study of CD10: A Stromal Marker in Breast Carcinoma

Breast carcinoma is one of the most frequently occurring cancers among women with one million cases. Breast cancer is the primary cause of death in women around the world. It is one of the major concerns in public health due to its high occurrence and growing tendency. This complex functional structure develops from a highly modified apocrine sweat gland in the female, but remains rudimentary in male. Breast develops embryological into two lines along milk lines extending from axilla to groin. CD-10 is a 90- to 110-kDa cell surface zinc dependent metalloproteinase which is known as “Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Antigen” (CALLA). CD-10 acts as a stem cell regulator in the breast and prevents uncontrolled proliferation on stem cells The present study is designed to study the expression of CD-10, a breast carcinoma stromal marker and its correlation with ER, PR and HER2/neu status in breast carcinoma.

A Case of Primary Apocrine Adenocarcinoma Presenting With Axillary Mass

Introduction: Primary apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma is a very rare tumour. Apocrin carcinoma is a high incicence of local recurrence and lymph node metastasis. When the location of the tumor is axilla, it should be differentiated from occult breast cancer. Surgery is the first step in primary apocrine cancer treatment. However, there is no clear consensus about adjuvant part of treatment.Methods: The case with axillary apocrin carcinoma was presentated diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment approach.Result : Axillary localized apocrine carcinoma was differentiated from occult breast cancer by pathological findings. For this reason, the patient was operated only an axillary dissection operation. Operated patient with axillary apocrine carcinoma was treated with radiotherapy. As a result of pathological evaluation of the tumor, tamoxifen was added to the treatment when the hormone receptor was positive.Conclusions: The patient with apocrine carcinoma was treated with sequential radiotherapy and tamoxifen, and disease-free follow-up to this day

Neoplasms in domestic hamsters in Southern Brazil: epidemiological and pathological aspects of 40 cases1

ABSTRACT: Although neoplasms are commonly reported in domestic hamsters, retrospective studies approaching spontaneous tumors with data regarding epidemiological findings are scarce. The present study aimed to describe the epidemiological and pathological findings of 40 cases of tumors in domestic hamsters diagnosed in a veterinary pathology laboratory in Southern Brazil from 2002 to 2019. Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus) was the most commonly affected species (16/40), followed by Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus, 11/40) and Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus, 4/40). Among the cases, 57.5% were females (23/40), while 42.5% were males (17/40). The affected hamsters’ median age was of 14-months old, with an age range of 8- to 36-months old. Twenty-four cases were assessed as anatomopathological samples (biopsies), while 16 were composed of carcasses submitted to postmortem examination, and, therefore, the neoplasm was related to the cause of death. The integumentary system was frequently affected (60%, 24/40), followed by the female reproductive tract (22.5%, 9/40), hematopoietic system (10%, 4/40), digestive tract (5%, 2/40), and endocrine system (2.5%, 1/40). The most frequent neoplasm was squamous cell carcinoma (35%, 14/40), mostly on the lip/nasal region (50%, 7/14). Other tumors included fibrosarcoma (10%, 4/40), lymphoma (10%, 4/40), mammary cystadenoma (10%, 4/40), apocrine sweat gland adenoma (7.5%, 3/40), hemangiosarcoma (5%, 2/40), leiomyosarcoma (5%, 2/40), and granulosa ovarian cell tumor (5%, 2/40). The five remaining cases occurred individually and were composed of hepatoid gland adenoma, solid thyroid carcinoma, cutaneous melanoma, ovarian teratoma, and cutaneous trichoblastoma. Neoplasms were identified as an important cause of death and major reason to perform biopsy in domestic hamsters in Southern Brazil.

Adjuvant Treatment Approach in Primary Apocrine Adenocarcinoma Presenting With Axillary Mass: A Case Report

Background: Primary apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma is a very rare tumor. Apocrine carcinoma is a high incidence of local recurrence and lymph node metastasis. When the location of the tumor is axilla, it should be differentiated from occult breast cancer. Surgery is the first step in primary apocrine cancer treatment. However, there is no clear consensus about adjuvant part of treatment. In this case, we presented a 60-year old female patient with primary apocrine sweat gland carcinoma of the axilla. To our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature to use combined adjuvant radiation therapy and anti-estrogen therapy.Case presentation: A 60-year old female patient presented with a slowly growing mass in the right axilla. The patient was examined by a surgeon and there was suspected to be metastasis from breast cancer diagnosed in September 2017. Axillary localized apocrine carcinoma was differentiated from occult breast cancer by pathological findings. For this reason, the patient was operated only an axillary dissection operation. Operated patient with axillary apocrine carcinoma was treated with radiotherapy. As a result of pathological evaluation of the tumor, tamoxifen was added to the treatment when the hormone receptor was positive.Conclusions: The pathological features must be evaluated in detail for targeted treatment, which should be ap-plied with a multidisciplinary approach. Based on this case presentation and literature, adjuvant radiotherapy can be recommended to reduce the risk of local recurrence and hormone-therapy to reduce distant recurrence in patients with hormone-receptor positive primary apocrine carcinoma.

Defining Epidermal Stem Cell Fate Infidelity and Immunogenicity in Hidradenitis Suppurativa at the Single-Cell Resolution

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a severe chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting human apocrine sweat gland-bearing skin regions. One unique feature of HS is the development of keratinized sinus tracts that grow extensively deep in the dermis and are highly immunogenic. Here, we demonstrated that the stem cell fate infidelity exists in the HS sinus tracts, which exhibit features of both surface epidermis and appendages. Using single cell transcriptome analyses, we finely dissected different compartments of the HS epithelium and identified their respective changes in cytokine expression during disease progression and the critical interactions with the immune cells. Together, our work provides advanced understanding of the pathological epidermal remodeling and important implications for HS therapeutics.

Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum of the Scalp in an Adult Male

Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is a rare skin tumour developing from eccrine or apocrine sweat gland. Though it usually appears in early life, it may occur in adult also. The clinical variants are plaques, linear and nodular. Head-neck region is affected most. Associations with naevus sebaceous, basal cell carcinoma or even squamous cell carcinoma have been described. Diagnosis is suspected clinically and confirmed by histopathology. Rapid growth, bleeding and ulceration indicate possible malignant transformation. Excision biopsy followed by reconstruction of the primary defect is the treatment of choice. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 139-141