Using Sensory, Functional, and Activity Limitation Data to Estimate Employment Outcomes for Working-Age Persons With Disabilities in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra L. Brucker ◽  
Andrew J. Houtenville ◽  
Eric A. Lauer
Keyword(s):  
Independent Living ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Activity Limitation ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Using Data

Using data from the 2010–2012 American Community Survey (ACS), we estimate employment outcomes among persons with different combinations of sensory, functional, and activity limitations while controlling for individual characteristics. We consider activity limitations as indicators of barriers to independent living and of a need for support services. We find that the presence of an activity limitation is strongly associated with decreased odds of employment for persons with sensory or functional limitations. Results provide support for the targeted allocation of resources to increase independent living among persons with disabilities as a means to improve employment outcomes among persons with disabilities.

scholarly journals Long-Term Employment Outcomes among Female Cancer Survivors

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine C. Ekenga ◽  
Eunsun Kwon ◽  
BoRin Kim ◽  
Sojung Park
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Professional Workers ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Female Cancer Survivors

Advances in early detection and treatment have led to a growing population of female cancer survivors, many of whom are of working age. We examined the relationship between cancer and long-term (>5 years) employment outcomes in a nationally representative sample of working-age women in the United States. Data from nine waves of the Health and Retirement Study were used to examine employment status and weekly hours worked among cancer survivors (n = 483) and women without cancer (n = 6605). We used random slope regression models to estimate the impact of cancer and occupation type on employment outcomes. There was no difference in employment status between cancer survivors and women without cancer at baseline; however, during follow-up, cancer survivors were more likely to be employed than women without cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–1.58). Among 6–10-year survivors, professional workers were less likely (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.21–0.74) to be employed than manual workers. Among >10-year survivors, professional workers averaged fewer weekly hours worked (−2.4 h, 95% CI: −4.4–−0.47) than manual workers. The impact of cancer on long-term employment outcomes may differ by occupation type. Identifying the occupation-specific mechanisms associated with the return to work will be critical to developing targeted strategies to promote employment in the growing female cancer survivor population.

More Likely to Be Poor Whatever the Measure: Working-Age Persons with Disabilities in the United States*

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra L. Brucker ◽  
Sophie Mitra ◽  
Navena Chaitoo ◽  
Joseph Mauro
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Working Age

Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity and Activity Limitation in Canada: A Cross-Sectional Study of Adults Using the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging (CLSA) Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brayden N Fishbook ◽  
Jodi Siever ◽  
Tara D Klassen ◽  
Brodie Sakakibara
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Limitation ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background: Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CM) is the diagnosis of at least two of: diabetes, stroke, or heart disease. CM is a common pattern of multimorbidity, however, the association between CM and activity limitation remains unknown. The objectives of this study were to 1) estimate the prevalence of activity limitations among Canadians with CM; and 2) quantify the association between CM and activity limitations.Methods: Using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), we estimated the prevalence of CM in Canadians aged 45 to 85 (n=51,022). Multinomial logistic regression was used to quantify the association between CM and activity limitation, evaluated using the Older American Resources and Services (OARS) scale.Results: The prevalence of people living with CM and reporting any activity limitation was 27.4%, with the greatest proportion (47.9%) observed in participants living with all three cardiometabolic conditions. The multinomial odds ratio (or relative risk ratio (RRR)) of activity limitation was greatest amongst participants with all three CM conditions (any limitation: RRR = 11.229, 95% CI = 5.803 to 21.726). Of the two disease combinations, those that included stroke had the greatest odds of activity limitation (stroke and diabetes: RRR = 6.546, 95% CI = 4.436 – 9.661; stroke and myocardial infarction: RRR = 7.029, 95% CI = 4.168 – 11.853). Conclusion: Activity limitation is common amongst Canadians living with CM, and those with CM have an increased odds of reporting activity limitation relative to those with no CM conditions. The odds increase in dose-response relationship as one accumulates more CM conditions.

Personality and Socioeconomic Status Over the Adult Working Years

2018 ◽  
pp. 394-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin P. Chapman ◽  
Ari Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Adult Life Span ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Using Data

Measuring the interrelationship of personality and socioeconomic status (SES) over the adult life span is crucial in assessing how—or if—personality traits are involved in SES health differentials. Using data from Midlife in the United States cohort members of working age throughout a 16- to 17-year period, we studied the reciprocal relationship between personality traits and SES. Results indicated that standing on socioeconomic indicators was heavily shaped by both family of origin SES and education, with small positive associations of Openness and Conscientiousness and negative associations of Neuroticism and Agreeableness with SES indicators at subsequent waves. Results revealed small associations between socioeconomic factors and future Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, and Openness. Continuity in SES and personality dwarfed reciprocal influences. Findings suggest that any major selection effects of personality on SES occur prior to midlife, and that family of origin SES and education are common links to both adult SES and personality.

To Be a Blood Donor or Not to Be? Investigating Institutional and Student Characteristics at a Military College

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Jiang ◽  
Samuel K. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Military Career ◽  
Athletic Status ◽  
Military College ◽  
Using Data

AbstractUsing data from 21 voluntary blood drives over a five-year period, we establish connections between undergraduate students’ blood donation behaviors and their demographic, academic, leadership, and military characteristics at a military college in the United States. We find that blood donation participation rates for students at this military college are much higher than the national average for the 18- to 24-year-olds. Certain characteristics such as fitness, athletic status, academic performance, and intent to pursue a military career after graduation are significantly correlated with blood donation. We also find that college students’ blood donation behaviors may be influenced by their attitudes toward civic responsibility, time constraints, incentives, peer effects and the characteristics of blood collection agencies. This study provides new insights into individual characteristics that correlate with blood donation. It also highlights the role of unique military education and institutional characteristics in promoting better fitness, the pursuit of a military career, and selfless service among young people, all of which might help explain demonstrated higher blood donation participation than their peers elsewhere.

scholarly journals Burden of Depression among Working-Age Adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Arthritis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arijita Deb ◽  
Nilanjana Dwibedi ◽  
Traci LeMasters ◽  
Jo Ann Hornsby ◽  
Wenhui Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Expenditure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data

Objective. This study estimated the excess clinical, humanistic, and economic burden associated with depression among working-age adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among working-age (18 to 64 years) RA patients with depression (N=647) and without depression (N=2,015) using data from the nationally representative Medical Expenditure Panel Survey for the years 2009, 2011, 2013, and 2015. Results. Overall, 25.8% had depression. In adjusted analyses, adults with RA and depression compared to those without depression were significantly more likely to have pain interference with normal work (severe pain: AOR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.55, 3.18), functional limitations (AOR = 2.17; 95% CI = 1.61, 2.94), and lower mental health HRQoL scores. Adults with RA and depression had significantly higher annual healthcare expenditures ($14,752 versus 10,541, p<.001) and out-of-pocket spending burden. Adults with RA and depression were more likely to be unemployed and among employed adults, those with depression had a significantly higher number of missed work days annually and higher lost annual wages due to missed work days. Conclusions. This study highlights the importance of effectively managing depression in routine clinical practice of RA patients to reduce pain and functional limitations, improve quality of life, and lower direct and indirect healthcare costs.

A floor to exploitation? Social economy organizations at the edge of a restructuring economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Anne Visser
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Improve Working ◽  
Regulatory Capacity ◽  
Social Economy Organizations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Despite research documenting social economy organizations (SEOs) as important labour market intermediaries in the informal economy, the impact of these organizations on employment outcomes experienced by workers engaged in these labour markets is relatively unknown. This article analyses the impact of day labour worker centres on employment outcomes experienced in the informal day labour economy of the United States. Using data from the National Day Labour Survey, findings indicate that these organizations improve working conditions for day labourers and suggest the potential for SEOs to regulate employment processes within the informal economy. However increasing the regulatory capacity of SEOs will require addressing larger political and socioeconomic contexts in which the informal economy is embedded.

Panel: The Need for System Solutions to Improve Employment Outcomes of Cancer Survivors

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (16) ◽  
pp. 986-990
Author(s):  
Mary E. Sesto ◽  
Panel Participants: K. Robin Yabroff ◽  
Cathy J. Bradley ◽  
Michael Feuerstein ◽  
Gregg C. Vanderheiden
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Good News ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Human Factors Research

The good news is that the number of cancer survivors and length of survival has increased due to early detection and treatment improvements. Of the estimated 10.5 million cancer survivors in the United States, approximately 40% are of working age (NCI, 2006). Unfortunately, one out of five survivors experience cancer-related disabilities that affect employment. Survivors may experience long-term and late-effects (including functional and general health changes) resulting in less than optimal employment outcomes, including long-term employment and work productivity. Although employment issues have been recognized in this area, to date, the majority of research on work productivity and return to work in human factors and ergonomics has focused on common occupational injuries and illnesses. The application of theories, methodologies, and perspectives from human factors research may serve to optimize employment outcomes for cancer survivors.

Ageing, disability and workplace accommodations

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIE ANN MCMULLIN ◽  
KIM M. SHUEY
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Natural Ageing ◽  
Workplace Accommodation ◽  
Severity Of Disability ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Workplace Accommodations ◽  
Using Data

In most western nations, laws discourage discrimination in paid employment on the basis of disability, but for these policies to be of benefit, individuals must define their functional limitations as disabilities. There is a strong relationship between age and disability among those of working age, yet it is unclear whether older workers attribute their limitations to disability or to ‘natural ageing’. If the latter is true, they may not believe that they need or qualify for workplace accommodations (i.e. adaptations or interventions at the workplace). Similarly, if an employer ascribes a worker's limitation to ‘natural ageing’, rather than to a disability, they may not offer compensatory accommodation. Using data from the Canadian 2001 Participation and Activity Limitation Survey, this paper asks whether workers who ascribe their functional limitation to ageing are as likely as those who do not to report a need for a workplace accommodation. It also addresses whether those who identify a need for compensatory accommodations and who ascribe their limitation to ageing have unmet workplace-accommodation needs. The findings suggest that, even when other factors are controlled, e.g. the type and severity of disability, the number of limiting conditions, gender, age, education, income and occupation, those who made the ageing attribution were less likely to recognise the need for an accommodation; and among those who acknowledged a need, those who ascribed their disability to ageing were less likely to have their needs met.

Shared Responsibilities for Full Participation in Society: Planning Further Integration of the ICF Into AAC

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Blake Huer ◽  
Travis T. Threats
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Community Support ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Social Service Agencies ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Full Participation

The World Health Organization's (WHO's) 2001 International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) has as one of its central tenets the full inclusion of persons with disabilities in society. It acknowledges the need for medical and rehabilitation intervention in its biopscychosocial framework. However, the WHO realizes that society must do its part to facilitate this full participation and empowerment. Persons with complex communication needs (PWCCN) often need augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in order to express themselves. However, in order to access and successfully use AAC, PWCCN need access to the necessary AAC devices and services, as well as a willing society to interact with them as full contributing members of society. The factors outside of a person's specific physical and/or cognitive functional limitations are addressed in the ICF via the Personal and Environmental Factors. Personal Factors include the individual's personality traits, lifestyle, experiences, social/educational/professional background, race, gender, and age. Environmental Factors include community support systems, social service agencies, governments, social networks, and those persons that interact with the PWCCN. This article addresses the sociopolitical influences on PWCCN and their functioning from a human rights perspective. The necessary introspective role of speech-language pathologists in this process is explored.

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