Effects of Physical Activity Intervention for Chinese People With Severe Mental Illness

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 796-807
Author(s):  
Daniel Young ◽  
Petrus Yat-Nam Ng ◽  
Daphne Cheng ◽  
Leung Chun Hong
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Intervention Model

Purpose: This research project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a physical activity (PA) intervention model for people with severe mental illness in a Chinese society. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was adopted in this study. In addition to treatment-as-usual (TAU), the treatment group ( n = 52) participated in a supervised jogging activity twice a week for a total of eight sessions, followed by four sessions of psychoeducation on nutrition and personal appearance. The control group ( n = 42) received TAU. Standardized assessment tools were used for the outcomes assessment at pre- and posttreatment. Results: 2 × 2 repeated measures analysis of covariance demonstrated that the treatment group was significantly more effective than the control group in reducing depressive symptoms and increasing self-esteem and social support. Conclusions: This study supports the effectiveness of a PA intervention model in a Chinese society, suggesting the importance of incorporating regular physical exercises into community-based mental health services.

Destigmatized Group Intervention on Promoting Hope of Recovery: A Quasi-Experiment Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel K. W. Young ◽  
Petrus Y. N. Ng ◽  
Daphne Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Adults With Mental Illness

Objective: This research project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a destigmatized group intervention in promoting hope of recovery for adults with mental illness. Methods: A quasi-experimental research method was adopted. In addition to treatment as usual (TAU), the treatment group ( n = 36) participated in a 10-session destigmatized group intervention, which was based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), while the control group ( n = 42) received TAU. Standardized assessment tools were used for outcome assessment at the pretreatment and posttreatment periods. Results: The 2 × 2 repeated measures analysis of covariance demonstrated that participants who participated in the destigmatized group intervention experienced significantly fewer self-stigma and more hope of recovery. Additionally, multiple linear regression showed that the reduction of self-stigma predicted the promotion of hope of recovery. Conclusions: This study supports the effectiveness of the destigmatized group intervention, suggesting the importance of reducing self-stigma for facilitating recovery for adults with mental illness.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Group for Reducing Self-Stigma for People With Mental Illness

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 827-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kim-Wan Young
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
People With Mental Illness

This research project aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral therapeutic (CBT) group in reducing self-stigma for people with mental illness in Chinese society. In this study, a quasi-experimental research method was adopted involving 71 people with mental illness receiving community-based mental health services. In total, 33 treatment group participants were assigned to a 10-session CBT group, while 38 control group participants received treatment as usual. Standardized assessment tools were used to collect data in the pre- and posttreatment periods by a research assistant. Analysis of covariance demonstrated that the CBT group was significantly more effective than the control group in terms of reducing self-stigma and depressive mood, with a moderate effect size, even after controlling for differences in various demographic variables between the treatment and control groups. This study provides evidence to support the efficacy and effectiveness of a CBT group for reducing self-stigma for people with mental illness.

Self-Stigma Reduction Group for People With Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 846-857
Author(s):  
Daniel K. W. Young ◽  
Petrus Y. N. Ng ◽  
Patrick Corrigan ◽  
Renee Chiu ◽  
Shuyan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) on reducing self-stigma in Chinese people with depression. Methods: By adopting a randomized controlled trial design, 62 participants with clinical depression were randomly assigned to a 10-session CBT or treatment as usual. Standardized assessment tools were used to assess the self-stigma and depressive symptoms in the pre- and posttreatment periods by a research assistant who was blind to the group assignment of the participants. Results: The results of the 2 × 2 repeated measures of covariance (analysis of covariance) demonstrated that after completing the therapy, the treatment group had significantly lower self-stigma scores than the control group. Additionally, the reduction in self-stigmatizing beliefs predicted a reduction in depressive symptoms in participants. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the efficacy and effectiveness of a CBT group intervention in reducing self-stigma for people with clinical depression living in Chinese society.

Improving Career Decision Self-Efficacy and STEM Self-Efficacy in High School Girls: Evaluation of an Intervention

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia D. Falco ◽  
Jessica J. Summers
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Career Decision ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group

This study evaluated whether a career group intervention that incorporates the four sources of self-efficacy and addresses perceived career barriers is effective at improving the career decision self-efficacy and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) self-efficacy for adolescent girls. Of the 88 girls in our study, 42 students were Latina and 46 were White, 40 were freshman, and 48 were sophomores attending the same high school. From this sample, 44 of these girls participated in a 9-week treatment group. Using repeated measures analysis of covariance with ethnicity and grade as covariates, results indicated that, compared with the control group ( n = 44), participants in the treatment group improved significantly on variables of career decision self-efficacy and STEM self-efficacy and increased those gains at 3-month follow-up. The discussion focuses on implications for career counseling, limitations of the study, and future research.

Effects of a Physical Activity Program on Children’s Activity Levels and Attraction to Physical Activity

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Ernst ◽  
Robert P. Pangrazi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
School Based ◽  
Activity Program

The proliferation of research on physical activity paints a clear picture regarding the health benefits of increasing levels of physical activity. In the present study, the efficacy of a school-based physical activity intervention (Promoting Lifetime Activity for Youth) was examined. Twenty-eight 4th-, 5th-, and 6th-grade elementary school teachers and their students participated in this study. Treatment group classes received the P.L.A.Y. intervention. Control group classes received a placebo. Participants completed 2 questionnaires 3 times during the study. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for all analyses. Results indicate that the treatment group significantly increased physical activity levels. Control group classes did not significantly increase activity levels or attraction to activity.

The effectiveness of a program of physical activity and diet to modify cardiovascular risk factors in patients with severe mental illness after 3-month follow-up: CAPiCOR randomized clinical trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1028-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Masa-Font ◽  
M.I. Fernández-San-Martín ◽  
L.M. Martín López ◽  
A.M. Alba Muñoz ◽  
S. Oller Canet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Laboratory Parameters

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this randomized clinical trial follow-up at three months was to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention with a focus on diet and physical activity (PA) to change the amount of PA, body mass index (BMI) and the waist circumference (WC) in patients with severe mental illness.MethodsWe recruited 332 outpatients with severe mental disorders undergoing treatment with antipsychotic medication from Mental Healthcare Centers of Barcelona. They were randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. The patients in the intervention group participated in a group PA and diet educational program. The blinded measurements at 0 and 3 months were: the level of PA (IPAQ questionnaire), BMI, WC, blood pressure, dietary habits (PREDIMED questionnaire), quality of life (SF-36 questionnaire) and laboratory parameters (cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose).ResultsThe average age was 46.7 years and 55% were males. Schizophrenia had been diagnosed in 67.1% of them. At 3 months, the average weekly walking METs rose significantly in the IG 266.05 METs (95%CI: 16.86 to 515.25; P = 0.036). The total MET average also rose although not significantly: 191.38 METs (95%CI: 1.38 to 381.38; P = 0.086). However, the BMI decreased significantly more in the CG, by 0.26 kg/m2 (95%CI: 0.02 to 0.51; P = 0.038), than in the IG. There were no significant differences in the WC.ConclusionsThe short-term results suggest that the intervention increases the level of PA, but does not improve physical or laboratory parameters.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT01729650 (effectiveness of a physical activity and diet program in patients with psychotic disorder [CAPiCOR]).

scholarly journals Impact of a residential program on the psychological needs, motivation and physical activity of obese adults: A controlled trial based on Self-Determination Theory

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Julie Boiché ◽  
Mathieu Gourlan ◽  
Léna Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Perceived Relatedness

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the increased benefits of a Self Determination Theory (SDT)-based motivational component on psychological needs’ fulfillment, self-determined motivation and Physical Activity (PA) of obese patients taking part in a rehabilitation program. Methods: Fourty-nine obese adults (mean age = 52 years, mean BMI = 38.25 kg/m2) attended a 3-week residential intervention. Patients in the Motivation group (n = 24) received a standard care plus SDT-based intervention (i.e., improved supervised PA sessions + a 1-hour motivational session). Patients in the Control group (n = 25) only benefited from standard care. Psychological needs and motivation were measured at baseline, at the end of the program and one month after. PA was measured at baseline and one month after the end of the program. Repeated measures ANOVAs were performed to compare the evolution of the variables between groups. Results: The results indicated that participants from both groups displayed significant changes in their perceived autonomy, relatedness, intrinsic motivation and integrated regulation between the beginning and the end of the program. Next, participants from both groups showed a decrease in perceived relatedness between the end of the program and one month after. Last, the participants from the Motivation group reported greater increase of their PA scores between the beginning of the program and one month after as compared to those in the Control group. Conclusions: Obesity interventions should integrate motivational components in order to promote behavior maintenance after programs have ended.

scholarly journals Impact of Mindfulness Training on Spanish Police Officers’ Mental and Emotional Health: a Non-Randomized Pilot Study

Mindfulness ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Navarrete ◽  
Miguel Ángel García-Salvador ◽  
Ausiàs Cebolla ◽  
Rosa Baños
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Paired Samples

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this exploratory non-randomized controlled study was to determine the acceptance and effectiveness of an 8-week mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) co-designed by a police officer. Methods A pretest-posttest control group design was followed. Participants (MBI group = 20; control group = 18) answered baseline and post-training self-reported measures. In addition, the weekly emotional state of the MBI group was collected. Paired-samples t-test and analysis of covariance were performed for pre-post within-group and between-group differences, respectively, as well as linear mixed effects analysis of repeated measures for week-by-week data. Results High acceptance and attendance rates, as well as significant pre-post within-group differences in the MBI group in mindfulness (η2 = 0.43), self-compassion (η2 = 0.43), depression (η2 = 0.54), anxiety (η2 = 0.46), stress (η2 = 0.51), difficulties in emotion regulation, sleep quality (η2 = 0.57), and burnout (η2 = 0.31–0.47), were identified. Moreover, police officers who underwent the MBI experienced a week by week decrease of anger, disgust, anxiety, sadness, and desire. Finally, after adjusting for pre-test scores, significant between-group differences were found in the way of attending to internal and external experiences (observing mindfulness facet; ηp2 = 0.21), depression symptoms (ηp2 = 0.23), general distress (ηp2 = 0.24), and the degree of physical and psychological exhaustion (personal burnout; ηp2 = 0.20). Conclusions The preliminary effectiveness of this MBI on psychopathology and quality of life outcomes in Spanish police officers was discussed. Previous evidence regarding the promising use of MBIs in this population was supported.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Mobile ‘Blood Pressure Management Application’ on Hypertension Self-Management Enhancement: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bozorgi ◽  
Hamed Hosseini ◽  
Hassan Eftekhar ◽  
Reza Majdzadeh ◽  
Ali Yoonessi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Management Application

Abstract Background : Self-management of blood pressure is of great significance given the increasing incidence of hypertension and associated disabilities. With the increased use of mobile health in medicine, the present study evaluated the effect of the self-management application on patient adherence to hypertension treatment. Methods : This clinical trial was performed on 120 hypertensive patients who were provided with a mobile intervention for 8 weeks and followed-up to 24 th weeks. Data on the primary outcome (adherence to treatment) and secondary outcomes (adherence to the DASH diet, regular monitoring of blood pressure, and physical activity) were collected using a questionnaire and a mobile application, respectively. The inter-group change difference over time was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (General Linear Model). Results : The treatment adherence score increased by an average of 5.9 (95%CI: 5.0-6.7) in the intervention group compared to the control group. Scores of adherence to the low-fat and low-salt diet plans were 1.7 (95%CI: 1.3-2.1) and 1.5 (95%CI: 1.2-1.9), respectively. Moreover, moderate physical activity increased to 100.0 minutes (95%CI: 61.7-138.3) per week in the intervention group. Conclusion: The treatment and control of blood pressure require a multifaceted approach given its complexity and multifactorial nature. Considering the widespread use of smartphones , mhealth interventions can be effective in self-management and better patient adherence to treatments. Our results showed that this application can be used as a successful tool for hypertension self-management in patients attending public hospitals in developing countries. Trial registration: This study was registered in the Iran Randomized Clinical Trial Center under the number IRCT2015111712211N2 on 1 January 2016.

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