Circummaxillary Sutures in Patients With Apert, Crouzon, and Pfeiffer Syndromes Compared to Nonsyndromic Children: Growth, Orthodontic, and Surgical Implications

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562094761
Author(s):  
Maria Costanza Meazzini ◽  
Federica Corradi ◽  
Fabio Mazzoleni ◽  
Elena De Ponti ◽  
Muriel Maccagni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Apert Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maxillary Protraction ◽  
Midfacial Hypoplasia ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Control Study

Objective: To evaluate patency of circummaxillary sutures in children with Apert, Crouzon, and Pfeiffer Syndromes and to compare it to a nonsyndromic matched control group. Design: Case–control study. Setting: Tertiary care public hospital. Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight computed tomography (CT) scans of patients affected by syndromic craniofacial synostosis (13 patients with Apert syndrome, 20 patients with Crouzon syndrome, and 5 patients with Pfeiffer syndrome), average age 5 ± 2.8 years, range 1.9 to 12 years, were compared to age- and sex-matched control CTs of 38 nonsyndromic children. Computed tomography scans of the study group had to be performed prior to any midfacial surgery. Main Outcome Measures: Midpalatal suture, zygomaticomaxillary sutures, and pterigomaxillary sutures were evaluated and scored. Results: The syndromic group showed a significant earlier ossification of all sutures compared to the nonsyndromic group. Significant differences were already present in early childhood and continued through adolescence. Conclusions: Based on the differences in terms of maxillary sutural ossification identified, midfacial hypoplasia does not seem to be only secondary to premature cranial base ossification, but also to primary synostosis of facial sutures, thus providing new insights into the pathogenesis of midface deficiency in children with craniofacial-synostosis. Care should be taken when planning any maxillary orthopedics, such as expansion or maxillary protraction, given the high frequency of early fusion of circummaxillary sutures.

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment of Serum Magnesium Levels in Head and Neck Cancer: A Tertiary Hospital Based Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 249-257
Author(s):  
Surender Kumar ◽  
Neha Salaria ◽  
Deepak Verma ◽  
Uma Garg ◽  
Monika Verma
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Study

Background- Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(HNSCC) are one of the most widespread malignancies worldwide. Trace elements such as magnesium are essential at cellular level, and it has been suggested that magnesium plays a role in carcinogenesis. Methods- A hospital based case control study was conducted in a tertiary care medical college with an aim to determine the levels of serum magnesium in patients with head and neck cancer and to  compare  the  levels  of  serum  magnesium  of head and neck cancer patients   with healthy matched control  group  and  derive significance if any. Results- HNSCC was mainly found in males of age group 46 to 55 years. The mean serum Mg value of head and neck cancer patients was 0.71± 0.18 mmol/l while that seen in controls was 0.85± 0.09 mmol/l which was significantly lower(p<0.001). Average serum magnesium levels in stages I, II, III and IV were 0.85, 0.849, 0.682 and 0.554 mmol/l respectively, and a statistically significant association was determined between the two. Conclusion- As the stage of cancer progressed, average magnesium levels decreased congruently, hence establishing that magnesium levels were undeniably correlated to onset as well as progression of HNC. These evidences could be utilized to identify role of magnesium asa potential prognostic biomarker to assess progression of disease or clinical response to various modes of therapy in head and neck cancer patients.

Frontonasal and Craniofrontonasal Dysplasia: Preoperative Quantitative Description of the Cranio-Orbito-Zygomatic Region Based on Computed and Conventional Tomography

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M Moffat ◽  
Jeffrey C. Posnick ◽  
Gaylene E. Pron ◽  
Derek C. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Frontonasal Dysplasia ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Conventional Tomography ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medial Orbital Wall

The unoperated cranio-orbito-zygomatic complex of 18 children (mean 4.7 years) with frontonasal dysplasia (FND) and 12 children (mean 1.1 years) with craniofrontonasal dysplasia (CFND) was quantified by 15 standard measurements performed on either computed tomography scans or facial tomograms. The results were compared with age-matched control values. In the FND group, the mean anterior interorbital and mid-interorbital distances were significantly increased at 148% and 118% of normal, and in the CFND patients, at 177% and 140% of normal. Excessive medial orbital wall protrusion (mean, 145% of normal in FND and 177% in CFND), shortened zygomatic arch lengths (mean, 94% of normal In FND and 91% in CFND), and reduced cephalic lengths (mean, 96% of normal in FND and 83% in CFND) were all observed. An expanded interzygomatic buttress distance was documented only in the CFND group, at 111% of normal. The clinical presentation of craniofacial deformities such as FND and CFND can be objectively described by a numerical analysis of the bony pathology.

scholarly journals Association of Hypertension and Smoking with Ischaemic Stroke

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
K Kirtania ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
A Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for ischemic stroke. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for atherosclerotic disease. There is a strong relationship between hypertension and cigarette smoking with ischaemic stroke. A case control study was undertaken to see the association of hypertension and cigarette smoking with ischaemic stroke. The study was done from January to December 2009 in the Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. A total of 60 subjects were selected as study population. Among them 30 were diagnosed case of ischaemic stroke and 30 were age-and sex-matched control subjects. It was found that 60% patients of case group and 20% respondents of control group were hypertensive and diffrence was significant. Study showed that 56.66% of cases and 53.33% of controls were smoker and the findings were insignificant. The mean duration of smoking was 27.41 ± 2.98 years in cases and 15.63 ± 2.85 years in controls which was significant. The study suggests that hypertension is significantly associated with ischaemic stroke and longer duration of smoking also associated with ischaemic stroke. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v3i1.13802 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2010; 3(1): 16-18

scholarly journals Development and Validation of a Predictive Model to Identify Patients With an Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Mori ◽  
Geliang Gan ◽  
Yanhong Deng ◽  
Sameh Yousef ◽  
Gabe Weininger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Targeted Screening ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
History Of

Background Screening protocols do not exist for ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (ATAAs). A risk prediction algorithm may aid targeted screening of patients with an undiagnosed ATAA to prevent aortic dissection. We aimed to develop and validate a risk model to identify those at increased risk of having an ATAA, based on readily available clinical information. Methods and Results This is a cross‐sectional study of computed tomography scans involving the chest at a tertiary care center on unique patients aged 50 to 85 years between 2013 and 2016. These criteria yielded 21 325 computed tomography scans. The double‐oblique technique was used to measure the ascending thoracic aorta, and an ATAA was defined as >40 mm in diameter. A logistic regression model was fitted for the risk of ATAA, with readily available demographics and comorbidity variables. Model performance was characterized by discrimination and calibration metrics via split‐sample testing. Among the 21 325 patients, there were 560 (2.6%) patients with an ATAA. The multivariable model demonstrated that older age, higher body surface area, history of arrhythmia, aortic valve disease, hypertension, and family history of aortic aneurysm were associated with increased risk of an ATAA, whereas female sex and diabetes were associated with a lower risk of an ATAA. The C statistic of the model was 0.723±0.016. The regression coefficients were transformed to scores that allow for point‐of‐care calculation of patients' risk. Conclusions We developed and internally validated a model to predict patients' risk of having an ATAA based on demographic and clinical characteristics. This algorithm may guide the targeted screening of an undiagnosed ATAA.

scholarly journals Diabetes and hypertension in patients with psoriasis: a cross sectional and case control study in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2217
Author(s):  
Samira Jamal ◽  
Sheikh Anwarul Karim ◽  
Sheikh Mahee Ridwan Raihan ◽  
Rajat Biswas ◽  
Mansurul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Background: In this study our main goal was to evaluate the association of psoriasis as a risk predictor for the occurrence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN).Methods: This case control study was carried out in the department of dermatology and venereology, Chittagong medical college hospital (CMCH), Chittagong, Bangladesh from 15 June 2011 to 14 May 2012. Where 60 patients with psoriasis and 60 patients with skin diseases other than psoriasis were included according to availability within the study period.Results: During study, among the psoriatic patients, most of the patients with DM and HTN had body mass index (BMI) within normal limit. During analysis of different clinical findings in psoriatic patients scaling was present in all the cases followed by Auspitz sign, koebnerization, itching, scalp involvement and nail changes. Patients with psoriasis were found to have higher incidence of DM and HTN in comparison to their non-psoriatic control group. It was also observed that psoriatic patients having DM and HTN had longer duration of diseases (p<0.05).Conclusions: In conclusion, our study indicates that patients with psoriasis have an increased risk of DM and HTN, confirming the findings from previous several case control and cross sectional studies. These data illustrate the importance of considering psoriasis as a systemic disorder rather than simply a skin disease. Awareness of concurrent diseases will provide the clinician an opportunity of screening .for others systemic diseases.

Association of Thrombin-Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor with Acute Pulmonary Embolism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkerim Yıldız ◽  
Didem Katar ◽  
Ayşe Özden Soydaş ◽  
Murat Albayrak
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor ◽  
Fibrinolysis Inhibitor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Impact On Treatment ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) inhibits fibrinolysis and high levels may have an association with thrombosis. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association of TAFI antigen levels with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Patients and Methods A case–control study was conducted with 29 patients with PTE and 17 age- and gender-matched control individuals. Plasma levels of TAFI were measured at the time of diagnosis, then at 3 and 6 months after the event. Results Initial TAFI levels (%) were higher in patients with PTE than in the control group Initial TAFI levels (%) were higher in patients with PTE than in the control group (190,0 [65,0–250,0] vs 133,0 [83,0–153,0]; p = 0.003). TAFI levels significantly decreased at the third and sixth months after initial diagnosis (p < 0.05). The percentage reductions in TAFI levels were 12 and 36.8% at 3 and 6 months, respectively. The Odss ratio (OR) of TAFI level for PTE was found to be 1.024 (95% CI: 1.007–1.040; p = 0.005). There was no significant correlation of initial TAFI levels with age, gender, smoking status, history of thrombosis, pulmonary artery pressure, and D-dimer levels (p > 0.05). In the sixth month of treatment, patients with residual thrombosis were seen to have similar baseline levels and reductions of TAFI as patients without residual thrombosis (p > 0.05). Conclusion The result of this study suggests that high TAFI levels may have a role in the occurrence of PTE without impact on treatment outcome.

Sinonasal bony changes in nasal polyposis: prevalence and relationship to disease severity

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (8) ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Siddiqui ◽  
R Millard ◽  
A Z Eweiss ◽  
T Beale ◽  
V J Lund
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Bone Expansion ◽  
And Gender

AbstractBackground:Nasal polyposis is characterised by opacification of the nasal cavities, paranasal sinuses and ostiomeatal complexes on computed tomography scanning. Sinonasal bony changes have been reported as disease sequelae.Objectives:To assess the prevalence of sinonasal bone expansion, erosion and thickening in patients with nasal polyposis, and to correlate disease severity with the prevalence of bony changes.Methods:A retrospective radiological study was conducted comprising pre-operative computed tomography scans of 104 patients with nasal polyposis and scans of 44 age- and gender-matched individuals (control group) without sinonasal disease. Lund–Mackay scores and bony changes were quantified.Results:Ninety-three per cent of the study group scans showed sinonasal bony change, with no changes in the control group. Radiological severity of nasal polyposis correlated positively with the prevalence of bony changes (rs = 0.31; p < 0.01).Conclusion:Sinonasal bony changes were common in the study group. This highlights the importance of pre- and intra-operative imaging, which can help to prevent intra-operative complications. As bony changes may mimic invasive disease, the importance of histological assessment of polyps is emphasised.

scholarly journals Accessory maxillary sinus ostia in superior meatus: a retrospective study and its clinical application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Wei Lu ◽  
Pin-Zhir Chao ◽  
Fei-Peng Lee ◽  
Cheng-Jung Wu ◽  
Hsing-Won Wang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Paranasal Sinus ◽  
Maxillary Sinusitis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Superior Meatus

Objectives: To investigate the incidence of accessory maxillary sinus ostia in superior meatus in patients with clinical and radiological signs of maxillary sinusitis and the association with the development of chronic rhinosinusitis. Design: Retrospective study Setting: Tertiary care hospital Participant: 159 patients examined with paranasal sinus computed tomography scans Main outcome measures: We retrospectively evaluated patients who visited the outpatient department at an academic medical facility between January and April 2020 with a clinical diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis. Paranasal sinus axial and coronal computed tomography scans were evaluated for accessory maxillary sinus ostia in superior meatus and confirmed by reconstructed three-dimensional simulation images. The demographic information and incidence of accessory ostia in superior meatus were assessed. The Lund–Mackay score was used to rate chronic rhinosinusitis severity. Analysis of variance was performed to correlate the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis with presenting accessory ostia in superior meatus. Results: Of 159 patients (81 males; 78 females), 41.5% had accessory maxillary sinus ostia in superior meatus. Of these, two-thirds were bilateral and one-third was unilateral. The severity of rhinosinusitis was not correlated with having accessory maxillary sinus ostia in superior meatus, but the presence of accessory ostia was significantly associated with less severe chronic rhinosinusitis (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Accessory maxillary sinus ostia in superior meatus are significantly associated with less severe chronic rhinosinusitis and most cases are bilateral.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document