Environmental Risk Factors for Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Cleft Palate in Xinjiang Province, China: A Multiethnic Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562095686
Author(s):  
Yu Hong ◽  
Xianrong Xu ◽  
Fuzhi Lian ◽  
Rong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Workload ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Increased Risk

Objective: To determine the risk factors of the occurrence of nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or cleft palate (NSCL/P) in Xinjiang Province, China. Design: The study included 359 patients of NSCL/P and 310 controls. Information about sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, negative life events, possible environmental hazards exposures, and use of supplementations were collected from cases and controls. Both t test and χ2 tests were used for group comparisons. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the independent associations between environmental risk factors and the presence of NSCL/P. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to establish the predictive variables for the occurrence of NSCL/P. Results: The results showed that maternal pesticide exposure (odds ratio [OR] = 11.40, 95%CI: 5.40-24.10), antibiotic drugs use (OR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.14-1.53), paternal smoking (OR = 3.30, 95%CI: 1.87-5.83), threatened abortion (OR = 12.2, 95%CI: 3.29-45.25) were associated with increased risk of NSCL/P in offspring. In contrast, maternal moderate (OR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.20-0.92) and middle physical workload (OR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.0.23-0.97), vitamin-B complex supplementations (OR = 0.11, 95%CI: 0.03-0.41), calcium and iron (OR = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.08-0.90) supplementations were associated with reduced risk of NSCL/P in offspring. These variables together explain nearly 60% of the variation of occurrence of NSCL/P. Conclusion: These findings from our study may help to develop primary prevention strategies for NSCL/P in Xinjiang.

Incidence of Cleft Pathology in Greater New Orleans before and after Hurricane Katrina

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haig A. Goenjian ◽  
Ernest S. Chiu ◽  
Mary Ellen Alexander ◽  
Hugo St. Hilaire ◽  
Michael Moses
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Stress Reactions ◽  
Before And After

Background Reports after the 2005 Hurricane Katrina have documented an increase in stress reactions and environmental teratogens (arsenic, mold, alcohol). Objective To assess the incidence of cleft pathology before and after the hurricane, and the distribution of cleft cases by gender and race. Methods Retrospective chart review of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CUP) and cleft palate (CP) cases registered with the Cleft and Craniofacial Team at Children's Hospital of New Orleans, the surgical center that treated cleft cases in Greater New Orleans between 2004 and 2007. Live birth data were obtained from the Louisiana State Center for Health Statistics. Results The incidence of cleft cases, beginning 9 months after the hurricane (i.e., June 1, 2006) was significantly higher compared with the period before the hurricane (0.80 versus 1.42; p = .008). Within racial group comparisons showed a higher incidence among African Americans versus whites (0.42 versus 1.22; p = .01). The distribution of CUP and CP cases by gender was significant ( p = .05). Conclusion The increase in the incidence of cleft cases after the hurricane may be attributable to increased stress and teratogenic factors associated with the hurricane. The increase among African Americans may have been due to comparatively higher exposure to environmental risk factors. These findings warrant further investigation to replicate the results elsewhere in the Gulf to determine whether there is a causal relationship between environmental risk factors and increased cleft pathology.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 321-321
Author(s):  
Daniel Woo ◽  
Laura Sauerbeck ◽  
Brett M Kissela ◽  
Jane C Khoury ◽  
Rakesh Shukla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Apo E ◽  
Apo E Genotype

27 Introduction: We report a planned midpoint analysis of a prospective, population-based, case-control study of the genetic and environmental risk factors of spontaneous, non-traumatic, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: Cases were matched to two controls by age, race and gender. Data was obtained by direct interview and review of all available medical and neuroimaging data. Apolipoprotein E (Apo E)genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction. Multivariable analyses were performed using logistic regression modeling. Results: Between 6/97 and 2/00, 189 cases of ICH (150 white/39 black; 68 lobar/121 non-lobar) and 368 controls were enrolled into the study. Independent risk factors for multivariable analysis are listed in the table. Only prior stroke was an independent risk factor for both lobar and non-lobar ICH. Conclusions: The importance of individual genetic and environmental risk factors for ICH vary substantially by location of ICH. A history of a first-degree relative with ICH was associated with an increased risk of lobar ICH, independent of Apo E genotype. This finding indicates that other genetic risk factors may be important in the development of ICH.

Genetic and environmental risk factors for submucous cleft palate

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Reiter ◽  
Sibylle Brosch ◽  
Manuel Lüdeke ◽  
Elena Fischbein ◽  
Stephan Haase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Submucous Cleft Palate

scholarly journals Environmental risk factors for cleft lip and palate in low-resource settings: a case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. S19
Author(s):  
Allyn Auslander ◽  
Roberta Mckean-Cowdin ◽  
Frederick Brindopke ◽  
Kathy Magee ◽  
Melissa DiBona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Control Study

Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Keratoconus

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sionne E.M. Lucas ◽  
Kathryn P. Burdon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Exact Etiology

Keratoconus, a progressive corneal ectasia, is a complex disease with both genetic and environmental risk factors. The exact etiology is not known and is likely variable between individuals. Conditions such as hay fever and allergy are associated with increased risk, while diabetes may be protective. Behaviors such as eye rubbing are also implicated, but direct causality has not been proven. Genetics plays a major role in risk for some individuals, with many large pedigrees showing autosomal inheritance patterns. Several genes have been implicated using linkage and follow-up sequencing in these families. Genome-wide association studies for keratoconus and for quantitative traits such as central corneal thickness have identified several genetic loci that contribute to a cumulative risk for keratoconus, even in people without a family history of the disease. Identification of risk genes for keratoconus is improving our understanding of the biology of this complex disease.

scholarly journals Occupational and environmental risk factors of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeonkyung Park ◽  
Chiwon Ahn ◽  
Tae-Hyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metal Dust

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial lung disease of unknown cause. It has a high risk of rapid progression and mortality. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risk factor of IPF. We searched Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane library from the earliest record to March, 2020. Case–control studies on occupational and environmental risk factors or on jobs with a risk of IPF were searched for. From 2490 relevant records, 12 studies were included. Any occupational or environmental exposure to metal dust (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.15–2.91, I2 = 54%), wood dust (OR 1.62 5% CI 1.04–2.53, I2 = 5%) and pesticide (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.24–3.45, I2 = 0%) were associated with an increased risk of IPF. Farming or agricultural work (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.17–3.04, I2 = 67%) was also associated with an increased risk of IPF. Moreover, smoking increased IPF risk with an odds ratio of 1.39 (95% CI 1.01–1.91, I2 = 29%). In conclusion, metal dust, wood dust, pesticide, occupational history of farming or agriculture and ever smoking increased the risk of IPF.

Cleft Lip and/or Palate and Associated Risks in Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110189
Author(s):  
Kayla Kruppa ◽  
Esedra Krüger ◽  
Carlien Vorster ◽  
Jeannie van der Linde
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

Objective: To identify and review published data on the risks associated with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). Design: A systematic review of literature was performed on electronic databases using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Literature on risks associated with CL/P in LMICs, from 2010 to 2020, were included. Results: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies adopted an observational study design. Biological and environmental risks were identified. Maternal and paternal age (n = 7) and low socioeconomic status (n = 5) were the most prominently associated environmental risk factors. A strong association was identified between family history of cleft (n = 7) and CL/P occurrence. Conclusion: Environmental risk factors are now being investigated more than biological risk factors in LMICs, aiding health care workers in the early identification of possible cumulative effects of risks in CL/P. Contextually relevant tools are recommended to promote early identification of at-risk infants.

scholarly journals Maternal environmental risk factors for congenital hydrocephalus: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. E3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristotelis V. Kalyvas ◽  
Theodosis Kalamatianos ◽  
Mantha Pantazi ◽  
Georgios D. Lianos ◽  
George Stranjalis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Congenital Hydrocephalus ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVE Congenital hydrocephalus (CH) is one of the most frequent CNS congenital malformations, representing an entity with serious pathological consequences. Although several studies have previously assessed child-related risk factors associated with CH development, there is a gap of knowledge on maternal environmental risk factors related to CH. The authors have systematically assessed extrinsic factors in the maternal environment that potentially confer an increased risk of CH development. METHODS The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were systematically searched for works published between 1966 and December 2015 to identify all relevant articles published in English. Only studies that investigated environmental risk factors concerning the mother—either during gestation or pregestationally—were included. RESULTS In total, 13 studies (5 cohorts, 3 case series, 3 case-control studies, 1 meta-analysis, and 1 case report) meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. Maternal medication or alcohol use during gestation; lifestyle modifiable maternal pathologies such as obesity, diabetes, or hypertension; lack of prenatal care; and a low socioeconomic status were identified as significant maternal environmental risk factors for CH development. Maternal infections and trauma to the mother during pregnancy have also been highlighted as potential mother-related risk factors for CH. CONCLUSIONS Congenital hydrocephalus is an important cause of serious infant health disability that can lead to health inequalities among adults. The present study identified several maternal environmental risk factors for CH, thus yielding important scientific information relevant to prevention of some CH cases. However, further research is warranted to confirm the impact of the identified factors and examine their underlying behavioral and/or biological basis, leading to the generation of suitable prevention strategies.

scholarly journals “Environmental risk factors associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis: a systematic review of the literature”

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. N. Clarke ◽  
Katie S. Mageean ◽  
Henry Carlton ◽  
Gabriele Simonini ◽  
Gemma C. Sharp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Predominantly Female

Abstract Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis (JIA-U) is the most common extra-articular manifestation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and carries considerable risk to vision. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesise evidence of environmental risk factors for JIA-U and identify risk factors which may be modifiable or used to stratify JIA patients. Methods This systematic review was carried out in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Four online databases - Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, MEDLINE and Embase - were searched from database inception to 12th August 2020. Identified studies were screened by two independent reviewers against pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was extracted from all primary studies meeting inclusion criteria and independently checked. Results We identified three studies from 895 unique records which met the inclusion criteria, each examining a different environmental risk factor. This systematic review includes 973, predominantly female, participants with JIA across these three studies. The use of allergy medication or documentation of “allergy”/“allergic” in the medical records was associated with an increased risk of JIA-U in all models presented. Vitamin D sufficiency was associated with reduced risk of JIA-U. There was insufficient evidence to support an association between seasonality and JIA-U. Conclusions This review identifies a potential role for allergy and vitamin D in JIA-U. It also illustrates the paucity of data regarding environmental risk factors for JIA-U and highlights the need for further research to both identify additional risk factors and replicate existing findings.

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