Beyond-the-Self Callings: The Role of a Transcendent Summons for Undergraduates and Working Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 106907272098355
Author(s):  
Dylan R. Marsh ◽  
Bryan J. Dik
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Criterion Variables ◽  
The U.S

Most scholars consider the “calling” construct to be multidimensional, yet very little research has examined the dimensions. Of the proposed dimensions, the most unique—and controversial—is a “transcendent summons” toward a particular career. In two studies, we investigated if a transcendent summons uniquely predicts individuals’ endorsement of having a calling, as well as their career-related and general well-being, beyond calling’s other dimensions. Participants were undergraduate students in the U.S. ( n = 492) and working adults drawn from a nationally representative, stratified U.S. panel study ( n = 767). Results suggested transcendent summons accounted for robust portions of unique variance in perceptions of calling for undergraduates and working adults. Results were mixed for other criterion variables, as a transcendent summons explained variance beyond calling’s other dimensions for three of the five career-related and general well-being variables for undergraduates, and two of five for working adults. Research and practice implications are discussed.

Core self-evaluations and subjective well-being in the U.S. and the Philippines: The moderating role of self-construal

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Rosopa ◽  
Jesus Alfonso D. Datu ◽  
Stephen A. Robertson ◽  
Theresa P. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Core Self ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Religion, Social Connectedness, and Xenophobic Responses to Ebola

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxie Chuang ◽  
Kimin Eom ◽  
Heejung S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Physical Threat ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
The U.S

This study examined the role of religion in xenophobic responses to the threat of Ebola. Religious communities often offer members strong social ties and social support, which may help members cope with psychological and physical threat, including global threats like Ebola. Our analysis of a nationally representative sample in the U.S. (N = 1,000) found that overall, the more vulnerable to Ebola people felt, the more they exhibited xenophobic responses, but this relationship was moderated by importance of religion. Those who perceived religion as more important in their lives exhibited weaker xenophobic reactions than those who perceived religion as less important. Furthermore, social connectedness measured by collectivism explained the moderating role of religion, suggesting that higher collectivism associated with religion served as a psychological buffer. Religious people showed attenuated threat responses because they had a stronger social system that may offer resources for its members to cope with psychological and physical threats. The current research highlights that different cultural groups react to increased threats in divergent ways.

Government Employees’ Experience and Expectation of COVID-19 Hardships: The Moderating Role of Gender and Race in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 027507402110492
Author(s):  
JungHo Park ◽  
Yongjin Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
The United States ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
The U.S

This article examines government employees’ experience and expectation of socioeconomic hardships during the COVID-19 pandemic—employment income loss, housing instability, and food insufficiency—by focusing on the role of gender and race. Employing the Household Pulse Survey, a nationally representative and near real-time pandemic data deployed by the U.S. Census Bureau, we find that government employees were less affected by the pandemic than non-government employees across socioeconomic hardships. However, female and racial minorities, when investigated within government employees, have a worse experience and expectation of pandemic hardships than men and non-Hispanic Whites. Our findings suggest a clear gender gap and racial disparities in the experience and expectation of pandemic hardships.

Underemployment and Meaningful Work: The Role of Psychological Needs

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taewon Kim ◽  
Blake A. Allan
Keyword(s):  
Meaningful Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Economic Recessions

Underemployment is a global problem that is increasing in the context of recovering economic recessions and insecure job markets. In this context, vocational psychologists can play a unique role by determining the processes by which underemployment relates to aspects of work well-being, such as meaningful work. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine the relation between underemployment and meaningful work as well as to investigate potential mediators of this relation. Specifically, with a sample of 351 working adults in the United States, we investigated how underemployment related to the meaningful work via the self-determination needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Partially supporting hypotheses, underemployment was negatively related to autonomy and relatedness but positively related to competence. In turn, autonomy and competence were positively related to meaningful work, whereas relatedness was unrelated to meaningful work. These results offer insights into how underemployment might affect the meaningfulness of work and how employers and practitioners can help underemployed workers.

scholarly journals The Role of Work-Family Conflict and Relationship Satisfaction in the Sexual Well-Being of Working Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-641
Author(s):  
Luka Jurković
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Relationship

Juggling the responsibilities of work and family domains has become a part of everyday life for most working adults. Research has shown that work-family conflict can potentially have negative effects on general well-being, health, relationship quality and job satisfaction. However, the potential effects of work-family conflict on sexual well-being of working adults is presently unknown. The primary aim of this study is to analyze the association between two directions of work-family conflict (work-to-family conflict – WIF, and family-to-work conflict – FIW) and sexual well-being among working adults, while taking into account the mediating role of relationship satisfaction. Data was collected in an online survey on a sample of 584 Croatian men and women that are currently living with a partner. The data was analyzed within a structural equations modelling framework. The analyses show that WIF conflict was negatively associated with sexual well-being, but only among women. On the other hand, relationship satisfaction mediated the relationship between FIW conflict and sexual well-being for both men and women. This study contributes to sparse and inconsistent knowledge on the relationship between work- -family conflict and sexual well-being among working adults.

scholarly journals Using Appreciative Inquiry to Understand the Role of Teaching Practices in Student Well-being at a Research-Intensive University

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Lane ◽  
Minnie Y Teng ◽  
Steven J Barnes ◽  
Katherine Moore ◽  
Karen Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Appreciative Inquiry ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Qualité De Vie ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Premier Cycle ◽  
Groupes De Discussion

Appreciative inquiry (a research approach comprising four stages: Discovery, Dream, Design, and Destiny) was used at a research-intensive university to investigate which teaching practices positively influence student well-being (i.e., their health and quality of life). In a survey, undergraduate students were asked to select the teaching practices they believed best supported their well-being. Focus groups also were conducted, with: (1) students, and (2) instructors identified by students as using teaching practices that supported their well-being. Mixed-methods data-analyses subsequently were used to identify instructional strategies that support student well-being. L’enquête appréciative (une approche de recherche qui comprend quatre étapes : découverte, rêve, conception et destinée) a été utilisée dans une université centrée sur la recherche pour enquêter sur les pratiques d’enseignement et déterminer lesquelles influencent positivement le bien-être des étudiants (c’est-à-dire leur santé et leur qualité de vie). Dans un sondage, on a demandé aux étudiants de premier cycle de choisir les pratiques d’enseignement qui, selon eux, favorisaient le mieux leur bien-être. Des groupes de discussion ont également été organisés, avec (1) des étudiants et (2) des instructeurs identifiés par les étudiants comme étant ceux qui employaient des pratiques d’enseignement qui favorisaient leur bien-être. Ensuite, les données ont été analysées selon des méthodes mixtes pour identifier les stratégies d’instruction qui favorisent le bien-être des étudiants.

scholarly journals Caregiving in the U.S. 2020: What Does the Latest Edition of This Survey Tell Us About Their Contributions and Needs?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 681-681
Author(s):  
Gabriela Prudencio ◽  
Heather Young
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Trend Data ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Services And Supports ◽  
The Individual ◽  
National Profile ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Family and friends comprise the most basic unit of any society. For individuals who take on the responsibility of caring for another person through sickness or disability, it can often be challenging to see beyond the individual experience. Yet in the aggregate, family caregivers—whether they be families of kin or families of choice—are woven into the fabric of America’s health, social, economic, and long-term services and supports (LTSS) systems. As the country continues to age, the need to support caregivers as the cornerstone of society will only become more important. A national profile of family caregivers first emerged from the 1997 Caregiving in the U.S. study. Related studies were conducted in 2004, 2009, and 2015 by the NAC in collaboration with AARP. Caregiving in the U.S. 2020 presents a portrait of unpaid family caregivers today. A nationally representative survey (n=1,499), it replicates the methodology used in 2015. Therefore, during this symposium, AARP and NAC will present trend data from 2015 in comparison to 2020, and explore key subgroup differences. The presentation will cover prevalence, demographic characteristics, intensity and duration of care, the well-being of caregivers, the financial impact of family caregiving on caregivers themselves, and the degree to which technology supports caregivers today.

scholarly journals Terminal Decline in Well-Being: The Role of Multi-Indicator Constellations of Physical Health and Psychosocial Correlates

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Markus Brandmaier
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics

Well-being is often relatively stable across adulthood and old age, but typically exhibits pronounced deteriorations and vast individual differences in the terminal phase of life. However, the factors contributing to these differences are not well understood. Using up to 25-year annual longitudinal data obtained from 4,404 now-deceased participants of the nationwide German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP; age at death: M = 73.2 years; SD = 14.3 years; 52% women), we explored the role of multi-indicator constellations of socio-demographic variables, physical health and burden factors, and psychosocial characteristics. Expanding earlier reports, Structural Equation Model Trees (SEM Trees) allowed us to identify profiles of variables that were associated with differences in the shape of late-life well-being trajectories. Physical health factors were found to play a major role for well-being decline, but in interaction with psychosocial characteristics such as social participation. To illustrate, for people with low social participation, disability emerged as the strongest correlate of differences in late-life well-being trajectories. However, for people with high social participation, whether or not an individual had spent considerable time in the hospital differentiated high vs. low and stable vs. declining latelife well-being. We corroborated these results with Variable Importance measures derived from a set of resampled SEM Trees (so-called SEM forests) that provide robust and comparative indicators of the total interactive effects of variables for differential late-life well-being. We discuss benefits and limitations of our approach and consider our findings in the context of other reports about protective factors against terminal decline in well-being.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF ATTITUDES WITH ECONOMIC WELL-BEING AND HEALTH: A FOUNDATION FOR PUBLIC POLICY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S125-S125
Author(s):  
Sarah B Laditka ◽  
James N Laditka ◽  
Laura Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Work Disability ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Efficacy ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Significant Patterns ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Economic Well Being

Abstract The 1960s War on Poverty was based on expectations that certain attitudes could improve health and economic well-being: aspiration and ambition, propensity to plan, personal efficacy, avoidance of unnecessary risk, connectedness to information and help, and trust. If true, promoting those attitudes might improve lives. The nationally representative Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) developed scales to repeatedly measure associations of those attitudes with income and well-being. After five annual measurements, researchers found few associations. Acknowledging more data might be needed, researchers concluded that changing attitudes was unlikely to help. We studied those same associations using five decades of PSID measures on income and work disability, physical or “nervous” health problems limiting work (1968-present; n=5,027; 170,583 person-years; mean baseline age 34.2), with multinomial logistic Markov models and dynamic microsimulation, modelling three levels of each outcome plus death. We also examined persistence of the attitudes (measurement reliability). Results suggested the attitudes were persistent (intraclass correlations > 0.87). Controlling for age, sex, race, education, and baseline income, attitudes were strongly associated with the outcomes. For example, with above-median baseline income, 19.4% in the top baseline self-efficacy quintile had incomes below 150% of poverty at age 70, compared with 27.0% in quintile 1 (p<0.001). Similarly, 5.5% in the highest quintile reported severe work disability (could not work, or limited “a lot”) at age 70 compared to 23.7% in the lowest (p<0.001). Other attitudes showed similar significant patterns. Attitudes in early- to mid-adulthood may contribute importantly to economic well-being and health throughout later life.

Cancer versus non-cancer caregivers: An analysis of communication needs from the 2015 Caregivers in the U.S. study.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Kent ◽  
Margaret Longacre ◽  
Lisa Weber-Raley ◽  
C. Grace Whiting ◽  
Gail Hunt
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Cancer Caregivers ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The U.S

4 Background: Informal caregiving for cancer patients can be both demanding and burdensome – physically, emotionally, and financially – for many caregivers. Cancer caregivers play a large role in advocating for and administering care for their recipients. The current study aimed to explore if cancer caregivers differ from non-cancer caregivers with regard to communicating with healthcare providers, and need for information about end-of-life care. Methods: Data were used from the 2015 Caregiving in the U.S. (CGUS) dataset, a nationally-representative online probability-based panel study of unpaid adult caregivers. The analysis compared cancer and non-cancer caregivers to determine similarities and differences in characteristics and experiences, with a focus on unmet needs in communication with healthcare providers and end-of-life decision-making. Statistical significance was determined at the p < 0.05 level. Results: Approximately 7% (2.8 million) of caregiver participants in the CGUS study indicate cancer as the primary reason for providing care. Cancer caregivers report higher burden than non-cancer caregivers (62% vs. 38%) and significantly more hours per week caregiving (32.9 vs. 23.9 hours per week). Significantly more cancer caregivers indicate interacting with key providers, agencies, and professionals on behalf of their care recipients: 82% report communicating with healthcare professionals (vs. 62%), 76% monitor/adjust care (vs. 66%), and 62% report advocating for care recipient (vs. 49%). Finally, almost twice the number of cancer caregivers than non-cancer caregivers (40% vs. 21%) report needing more help/information with making end-of-life decisions. Conclusions: These findings indicate the burdensome and demanding role of cancer caregiving. These caregivers play a substantial role in directing, monitoring, and advocating for survivor care. Yet, many need more information about end-of-life care. This suggests a gap in preparation despite the roles provided, and suggest a need to explore strategies to engage patient-provider-caregiver communication about care, particularly end of life care.

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