Effects of Gender on Professional Encroachment in Public Relations

1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Lauzen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
Systematic Sample ◽  
Public Relations Practitioner

Using a systematic sample of 166 public relations practitioners in the United States, this study tests a model that explains the effects of gender on professional encroachment, which is the assignment of non-public relations professionals as top public relations managers. Organizations in which the top public relations practitioner is a woman are likely to have higher levels of encroachment than organizations where the top practitioner is male. Women are less likely to have worked long enough to obtain the skills and perspectives of management.

Correlates and Predictors of Self-Reported Ethics among U.S. Public Relations Practitioners

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius B. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regional Study ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Belief Statements

This regional study used a two-factor solution from responses to 12 five-point belief statements to investigate the correlates and predictors of public relations practitioners' self-reported beliefs about and behaviors in unethical situations. Responses from 307 practitioners from the mid-Atlantic district of the United States indicate that practitioners' self-reported beliefs and behaviors correlate significantly with gender, accreditation by the Public Relations Society of America, age, and income, which are also significant predictors of practitioners' self-reported beliefs and behaviors. The implications of these results for the public relations practice are discussed within the context of the Ajzen and Fishbein behavioral-intentions model. Suggestions for research are offered.

Remembering the King: Understanding strategic management of and participation in Elvis’ Death Week

2020 ◽  
pp. 2046147X2092967
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Janoske McLean ◽  
Kelly Vibber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
Tourism Experience ◽  
Strategic Public Relations ◽  
The Impact

This exploratory qualitative study looks at Death Week, the annual commemoration of Elvis Presley’s death at Graceland in Memphis, TN, as a uniquely important part of tourism-based strategic public relations with a specific focus on the distinctive needs and considerations for dark tourism. Graceland, the second-most visited private home in the United States, offers a unique perspective on relationship building and maintenance, where the focus is less on awareness of Graceland and Elvis, and more on the continuation and generation of relationships to maintain interest across generations. Interviews were conducted with three public relations practitioners connected to Memphis or Elvis Presley Enterprises and 17 Death Week Candlelight Vigil participants, to better understand the promotion, delivery, and evaluation of a dark tourism experience. The impact of neo-tribes, a specific type of fandom, is also discussed as an important factor in continual relationship building with Death Week participants. The article concludes with suggestions for deepening the theoretical connection between dark tourism and public relations, and offers best practices for practitioners engaged in dark tourism relationship building.

Public Relations Evaluation in Sport: Views From the Field

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Clayton Stoldt ◽  
Lori K. Miller ◽  
Mark Vermillion
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Common Goal ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
The Public

The purposes of this study were to gain insights regarding how sport public relations practitioners in the United States define public relations goals, identify linkages between the public relations function and overall organizational goals, and evaluate public relations’ effectiveness. Using a modified approach to a method first employed by Hon (1997, 1998), the investigators queried 30 public relations professionals in diverse sport settings. Findings indicated that achieving some sort of outcome with an intended audience, although those outcomes varied, was the most common goal. Respondents also indicated that there were linkages between public relations and organizational goals, although the nature of those linkages was not always specified. The most common method of evaluating public relations was tracking media coverage.

Understanding and addressing the gaps: Generational perspectives on public relations leadership development in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele E. Ewing ◽  
David L. Remund
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Leadership Development ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
The Public ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Public Relations Education

This qualitative study is the first known effort to define the differing perceptions of public relations leadership at three distinct career points, and explore the leadership development gaps and needs from these varied perspectives. Semi-structured interviews with senior public relations practitioners, young professionals and current students in the United States bring needed depth and clarity to prior scholarship on leadership development, a growing concern within the public relations industry around the world. Additionally, the findings pinpoint leadership development best practices for better infusing leadership development into undergraduate public relations education, and into training and development programs for young professionals.

Media coverage of the unfolding crisis of domestic terrorism in the United States, 1990–2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 2046147X2199601
Author(s):  
Diana Zulli ◽  
Kevin Coe ◽  
Zachary Isaacs ◽  
Ian Summers
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Television News ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Domestic Terrorism ◽  
Definitional Uncertainty

Public relations research has paid considerable attention to foreign terrorist crises but relatively little attention to domestic ones—despite the growing salience of domestic terrorism in the United States. This study content analyzes 30 years of network television news coverage of domestic terrorism to gain insight into four theoretical issues of enduring interest within the literature on news framing and crisis management: sourcing, contextualization, ideological labeling, and definitional uncertainty. Results indicate that the sources called upon to contextualize domestic terrorism have shifted over time, that ideological labels are more often applied on the right than the left, and that definitional uncertainty has increased markedly in recent years. Implications for the theory and practice of public relations and crisis management are discussed.

The interaction of journalism and public relations in Russia: A self-perception

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25
Author(s):  
Greg Simons ◽  
Dmitry Strovsky
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Conceptual Level ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

There is an increasing amount written on the decline of professional journalism around the world. One of the factors that are used to illustrate the decline of journalism is the interaction and collaboration between journalists and public relations (PR) practitioners in the production of mass media news content. On a theoretical and conceptual level, the aims and goals of the two professions are quite different, even though there are a number of superficial similarities between these forms of mass communication. Studies of the interaction between journalism and PR in the United States reveal a certain underlying tension, yet simultaneous mutual dependency. An indicative survey was conducted across different cities in the Russian Federation to understand the perception of professional journalists and PR practitioners on the current level of interaction between their professions. The answers were remarkably similar and reveal a deep concern for the direction of journalism, which many viewed as being subordinated to PR.

scholarly journals Poland, Ukraine, and the Idea of Strategic Partnership

1999 ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Burant
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Foreign And Security Policy ◽  
Political Differences ◽  
The Relationship

Both Ukrainian and Polish policymakers have come to use the term strategic partnership to characterize the relationship between their two countries. Teodozii Starak, an adviser to the Ukrainian Embassy in Poland, has stated that strategic partnership "means that both [Ukraine and Poland] demonstrate coordinated stances and support each other in the most important political areas. " However, Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma also regularly uses the term to characterize his country's relations with Russia. In addition, Ukrainian officials have labeled China, the United States, Germany, and Bulgaria as Ukraine's strategic partners. The use of the term with reference to Russia-with which Ukraine throughout the 1990s has had serious political differences-or Bulgaria or China, which are not priorities for Ukrainian foreign and security policy, appears to strip it of any significance; the term implies, at best, a goal, or, at worst, a public relations effort.

The rise of the railroad in Virginia: A historical analysis of the emergence of corporate public relations in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nneka Logan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Historical Inquiry ◽  
Corporate Public Relations ◽  
Fully Functioning

This article explores the origins of corporate public relations by examining the untold story of railroad development and expansion in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Understanding the circumstances surrounding Virginia’s pioneer railroads, which emerged at a tumultuous time within a state deeply divided over the related issues of the railroad and slavery, can enrich our comprehension of public relations history in corporate contexts. Fully functioning society theory (FFST) is used as a theoretical framework to guide the historical analysis of the rise of the railroad in Virginia in the 19th and 20th centuries. The article expands FFST’s application to historical inquiry and productively directs attention to the varied and complex nature of the emergence of corporate public relations without venerating or denigrating the field’s origins.

An American Icon Crosses the Pacific

Dearest Lenny ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Mari Yoshihara
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Career ◽  
New York Philharmonic ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
War Effort

Leonard Bernstein’s early career was shaped by the global politics of World War II and its aftermath as well as his interest in the world beyond the United States, his understanding of war, and his dedication to peace. It was also propelled by the United States government’s investment in his background, qualities, and success in its war effort and postwar public relations. The initial encounter of Kazuko Amano (born Ueno) with Bernstein was enabled by the cultural policy of US occupation forces. After her initial fan letter to Bernstein in 1947, she followed his rising career through recordings, broadcasts, and performances and became Japan’s most loyal fan of the maestro, who quickly became an American icon with his appointment as the music director of the New York Philharmonic and the huge success of West Side Story.

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