Analyzing Rates of Seriously Delinquent Mortgages in Asian Census Tracts in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 616-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin B. Anacker
Keyword(s):  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Metropolitan Statistical Areas ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Foreclosure Crisis ◽  
The U.S

Although race and ethnicity have been analyzed and discussed in the context of the national foreclosure crisis, there has been little work on neighborhoods in which different Asian subgroups reside, which is surprising given the relatively large demographic, economic, and social differences. Based on NSP 3 data, provided by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), and 2005/2009 American Community Survey (ACS) data, provided by the U.S. Bureau of the Census, this article utilizes descriptive statistics and weighted least squares (WLS) regressions to analyze rates of seriously delinquent mortgages for Census tracts in all Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), differentiating among different Asian subgroups. Findings show that neighborhoods with Hmong, Laotian, and Cambodian households had relatively high rates of seriously delinquent mortgages, whereas neighborhoods with Chinese, Japanese, and Pakistani households had relatively low rates of seriously delinquent mortgages.

scholarly journals Occupational Differences by Race and Ethnicity in the United States, 2007-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Kusum Singh
Keyword(s):  
Racial Differences ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Disparity ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Occupational Differences ◽  
The U.S

This study examines the extent and reasons for differences in occupational distributions by race and ethnicity in the U.S. labor market from 2007 to 2018. Using IPUMS data, the study found that racial differences in occupational distributions were lower than ethnic disparities in occupational distributions. Racial disparity in occupational distributions increased slightly, while the ethnic disparity in occupational distributions decreased from 2007 to 2018. Most importantly, racial and ethnic disparities in occupational distributions were found to be not only due to observed socio-demographic variables of workers but also due to other unexplained factors. The effect of unexplained variables had more pronounced effects on the racial differences in occupational distributions than on the ethnic differences in occupational distributions. 

scholarly journals A A comparative study of urban occupational structures: Brazil and United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Clauber Scherer ◽  
Pedro Vasconcelos Maia do Amaral ◽  
David Folch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The One ◽  
The U.S

This paper compares the occupational structure of cities in Brazil and United States aiming to evaluate the extent to which the economic structure of these urban agglomerations is associated with the different stages of development, specifically when comparing a rich country with a developing one. Using a harmonized occupational database and microdata from the Brazilian 2010 Demographic Census and the U.S. American Community Survey (2008-2012), results show that Brazilian cities have a stronger connection between population size, both with occupational structure and human capital distribution, than the one found for cities in the United States. These findings suggest a stronger primacy of large cities in Brazil’s urban network and a more unequal distribution of economic activity across cities when compared to USA, indicating a strong correlation between development and occupational structure.

scholarly journals An Equity Focused Study on the Trip Temporal Distributions of Vulnerable Road Users

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Santiago Espinosa Wild
Keyword(s):  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
White Male ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Household Travel

The United States is a megadiverse nation with a transportation system that, for decades, was designed to serve primarily able-bodied, white, male motorists. This legacy creates a situation in which varying socio-demographic groups experience the transportation system differently with contrasting safety, accessibility, and convenience outcomes. This project introduces descriptive statistics and binary logistic models that provide transportation professionals and policy makers with a quantitative understanding on how, why, and when certain socio-demographic groups are more likely to engage in a trip. This project provides tools to measure and understand the equity implications of a wide array of transportation policy decisions. The binary logistic models presented predict the likelihood of a trip maker engaging on a weekday trip at a given time of day based on their race and ethnicity, gender, income level, preferred mode of transportation, age, and the purpose of their trip. In some instances, the interactions among these parameters were explored too. The models and descriptive statistics are based on the 2017 National Household Travel Survey data which includes over 900,000 datapoints and is weighted to adequately represent every socio-demographic group present in the U.S.

scholarly journals Chronic Disease, the Built Environment, and Unequal Health Risks in the 500 Largest U.S. Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2961
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Don Willis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
The U.S

Health is increasingly subject to the complex interplay between the built environment, population composition, and the structured inequity in access to health-related resources across communities. The primary objective of this paper was to examine cardiometabolic disease (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke) markers and their prevalence across relatively small geographic units in the 500 largest cities in the United States. Using data from the American Community Survey and the 500 Cities Project, the current study examined cardiometabolic diseases across 27,000+ census tracts in the 500 largest cities in the United States. Earlier works clearly show cardiometabolic diseases are not randomly distributed across the geography of the U.S., but rather concentrated primarily in Southern and Eastern regions of the U.S. Our results confirm that chronic disease is correlated with social and built environment factors. Specifically, racial concentration (%, Black), age concentration (% 65+), housing stock age, median home value, structural inequality (Gini index), and weight status (% overweight/obese) were consistent correlates (p < 0.01) of cardiometabolic diseases in the sample of census tracts. The paper examines policy-related features of the built and social environment and how they might play a role in shaping the health and well-being of America’s metropolises.

scholarly journals Health Inequities: A Look at the Political Determinants of Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Dawes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Health Inequities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
The Political ◽  
New Model ◽  
Political Determinants ◽  
The U.S

Since January 2020, the U.S. has had over 150,000 deaths attributed to the Coronavirus, and morbidity and mortality rates continue to rise. In the United States, minorities are more likely to die from COVID-19 than other populations - a fact that further solidifies the disparate nature of race and ethnicity relative to one’s health and the inequities in care. COVID-19 has not struck all equally because our economic and social policies have not benefited all equally. This paper introduces a new model, the political determinants of health, which focuses on their role in creating, perpetuating, and exacerbating health inequities.

America post-razziale? Percorsi di analisi su razza ed etnicitŕ negli Stati Uniti

2012 ◽  
pp. 123-136
Author(s):  
Nadia Venturini
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Student ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Unites States ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Scholarly Attention ◽  
Post Racial America

Some interpretations of the meanings of race and ethnicity in contemporary Unites States. Since the new century the United States has witnessed a popular debate on the concept of "post-racial America". This debate has attracted scholarly attention, and has been greatly enhanced by the election as President of Barack H. Obama, a bi-racial person who also happens to be the son of an immigrant student from Africa. The article presents a synthetic review of some of the books and articles on the subject itself, as well as historical interpretations of the multiracial history of the U.S.

scholarly journals “I’m Not Spanish, I’m from Spain”: Spaniards’ Bifurcated Ethnicity and the Boundaries of Whiteness and Hispanic Panethnic Identity

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Soto-Márquez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Hispanic White ◽  
The U.S

This study counters potentially premature demographic and sociological claims of a large-scale Hispanic transition into mainstream whiteness. Via in-depth interviews and ethnographic observations of recently arrived Spanish immigrants in the United States, it presents a distinctive shift in American categorization logic, whereby race and ethnicity switch in order of everyday importance. Despite Spanish immigrants’ direct links to Europe and few structural social boundaries between them and mainstream U.S. whites, their everyday experience is of a largely “symbolic whiteness” that is subservient to the more consequential and essentialist Hispanic panethnic identity. Forced to maneuver this unique “bifurcated ethnicity,” Spaniards highlight a theoretically important deviation from the established ethnic options for European coethnics in the United States. Overall, Spaniards’ ethnoracial adaptations and their identity vary by institutional sites, by social settings, and along gender lines. Their ethnic bifurcation brings into question the overall logic and stability of the U.S. Hispanic/white boundaries.

scholarly journals Are Global Experiences During Medical School Associated with Future Medical Practice? A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Survey and Medical School Application Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shay E Slifko ◽  
Nadja A. Vielot ◽  
Sylvia Becker-Dreps ◽  
Donald E. Pathman ◽  
Justin G. Myers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Application Service ◽  
Global Health Electives ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Background: Global health interest has grown among medical students over the past twenty years. Most medical schools offer global health opportunities. Studies suggest completing global health electives during medical school may increase likelihood of choosing a primary care discipline or working with underserved populations, yet they have generally not considered students’ interests and experiences prior to medical school. This study aimed to assess the associations of pre-medical school factors and global electives in medical school on subsequently working in global health and with underserved populations in the United States (U.S.) and whether respondents reported perceived benefits from global electives. Methods: We surveyed medical school graduates (classes of 2011-2015) from a large public medical school in the U.S. to describe current practice settings and previous global health experience. We evaluated work, volunteer, and educational experiences preceding medical school, socioeconomic status, race and ethnicity using American Medical College Application Service (AMCAS) data. We assessed the association between students’ backgrounds, completing global health electives in medical school and current work in global health or with underserved populations in the U.S.Results: Of 161 respondents, five to eight years post-graduation, 78% reported work, research, or teaching with a focus on global or underserved U.S. populations. Completing a global health elective during medical school (p=0.0002) or during residency (p=0.01) were positively associated with currently working with underserved populations, and pre-medical school experiences were not associated (p=0.1). Adjusting for race and ethnicity, completing a global health elective during medical school was associated with a 38% greater prevalence of working with an underserved population. Perceived benefits from global electives included improved cultural awareness, language skills, public health and research skills, and ability to practice in technology-limited settings. Conclusion: Medical school graduates who participated in global electives as students were more likely than their peers to pursue careers with underserved populations in the U.S. They reported the experience improved their cultural competency and public health skills. These data can be used to design medical school curricula that encourage global health electives, and support skills that will benefit future work with underserved populations, either in the U.S. or abroad.

scholarly journals Effects of Measurement Error in the American Community Survey on Statistical Analysis: An Example using County and Census Tract Mortality Rates.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Sparks ◽  
Lloyd B. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
American Community Survey ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Indicator Data ◽  
Naive Model

The American Community Survey (ACS) summary file data provide rolling 5-year estimates of demographic and socioeconomic indicator data for small geographiesthroughout the United States. These estimates are commonly used as indicators forregression models to measure conditions in communities. The Margins of Error (MOE) inthe ACS estimates for small geographic areas can often be very large, and without takingthem into account, regression analyses using them can be mis-specified, leading to bias inregression coefficients and model standard errors. This paper directly comparesmeasurement error model specifications to naive model specifications for a mortalityoutcome in Texas Census tracts using Bayesian model specializations. The results showthat there is bias in the naive regression model results. We urge users of the ACSsummary file data to be aware of such bias as it can potentially impact interpretation ofmodel results and hypothesis tests.

Recentering U.S. Empire: A Structural Perspective on the Color Line

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Quisumbing King
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Color Line ◽  
White People ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asian Immigration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The U.S

In the past 20 years, scholars of top sociology and race and ethnicity articles increasingly have mentioned the term “color line.” Prominent among them are sociologists concerned with how incoming waves of Latin American and Asian immigration, increasing rates of intermarriage, and a growing multiracial population will affect the U.S. racial order. While much of this work cites Du Bois, scholars stray from his definition of the color line in two ways. First, they characterize the color line as unidimensional and Black–white rather than as many divisions between non-white people and whites. Second, scholars portray the color line as the outcome of microlevel factors rather than the product of international geopolitical arrangements. I contend that in contrast to scholarship that portrays immigrants and intermarried and multiracial people as shifting the color line, international and imperial policies related to immigration, intermarriage, and multiracial identification are longstanding sites of the construction of the U.S. racial order. Scholars should conceptualize the United States as an empire state in order to analyze the international political history of multiple color lines. In doing so, they can distinguish between differences in kind and degree of racial divisions.

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