Calcium and phosphorus bioavailability in rats consuming oil from either raw sardines or sardines fried in olive oil Biodisponibilidad de calcio y fósforo en ratas alimentadas con grasa de sardina cruda o frita con aceite de oliva

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Pérez-Granados ◽  
M.P. Vaquero ◽  
M.P. Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
The Other ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Sardine Oil ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

Three diets were prepared containing 8% olive oil (OO), fresh sardine ( Clupea pilchardus) oil (SO), and oil from sardines fried in olive oil (FSO), respectively. After in vitro digestion, soluble (dialyzed and nondialyzed) and insoluble Ca and P fractions were determined. In vitro Ca availability tended to be higher with SO, and even more so with FSO, than with OO, while that of P increased only slightly with FSO. Growing rats consumed the diets for 28 days. Food intake and body weight increased with FSO more than with OO, but decreased markedly with SO, due to an imbalance in the n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio. Absorption efficiencies of Ca and P were higher with SO than with the other diets during days 5-12. Because urinary Ca excretion was also greater with SO, apparent retention of both Ca and P was lower with this diet. With SO, carcass content of Ca and P was low but their concentrations were high. Apparent retention of these minerals and their carcass content were similar or higher with FSO than with OO. Therefore, although availability of Ca and P from raw and fried sardine oil diets was sufficient in vitro, consumption of raw sardine oil as the only dietary fat produced changes in calcium and phosphorus bioavailability, an effect of sardine oil which disappeared after frying in olive oil.

Comparative Effects of the Fat Extracted from Raw and Fried Sardines Upon Rat Growth and Zinc Bioavailability

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Pérez-Granados ◽  
M. P. Vaquero ◽  
M. P. Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Zinc Absorption ◽  
Zinc Accumulation ◽  
Sardine Oil ◽  
Zinc Bioavailability ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Zinc Retention

Three diets containing 8% olive oil, fresh sardine (Clupea pilchardus) oil and oil from sardines fried in olive oil were prepared. After in vitro digestion, soluble (dialysed and non-dialysed) and insoluble zinc fractions were determined. Fresh sardine oil and oil from sardines fried in olive oil provided more dialysed zinc and less insoluble zinc than 8% olive oil. Three groups of growing rats consumed the diets for 28 days. Food intake and body weight values of rats fed 8% olive oil were significantly higher than those fed fresh sardine oil and slightly lower than those fed oil from sardines fried in olive oil. Animals fed fresh sardine oil exhibited the lowest apparent zinc retention during days 5-12, but absorption efficiency increased during days 21-28 and all groups had similar final zinc absorption and retention values. Animals fed oil from sardines fried in olive oil displayed higher (days 5-12) or similar (days 21-28) apparent zinc absorption and retention values than rats fed 8% olive oil and fresh sardine oil. Hepatic zinc concentrations were higher in rats fed oil from sardines fried in olive oil than fed fresh sardine oil, while all groups showed similar spleenic concentrations. Zinc accumulation in skin was significantly higher in animals fed fresh sardine oil than in those fed oil from sardines fried in olive oil, and their total erythrocyte zinc concentrations were also higher than in rats fed oil from sardines fried in olive oil or on 8% olive oil. In conclusion, a diet high in raw sardine fatty acids can cause excessive zinc accumulation in skin and erythrocytes. However, these negative effects of sardine oil disappear after frying in olive oil.

Effects of Ingredient Incorporation into Sausage Meat on the Micellarisation and uptake of α-tocopherol by Caco-2 Human Intestinal Cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Kenny ◽  
Y. O'Callaghan ◽  
N.M. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Two Phase

Ingredients are incorporated into meat and meat products to produce a ``healthier'' product. However, the effect of ingredient addition on availability of nutrients endogenous to foods is generally not considered. This study investigated the availability and cellular uptake of α-tocopherol from supplemented sausages with the aid of an in vitro digestion procedure coupled with a Caco-2 cell model. Sausages were formulated with the addition of 3% or 10% ingredients (wheat bran, oat bran, soya protein, whey protein, olive oil, linseed oil, sunflower oil, and wheatgerm oil) and subjected to a two-phase in vitro system that simulates the digestive process in humans. Micelles were isolated from the digestate by ultracentrifugation. Of the ingredients selected for addition to sausage meat, only sunflower oil, and wheatgerm oil enhanced the micellarization of α-tocopherol, resulting in increased transfer from the test food to micelles. When ingredients were added at the 3% supplementation level, olive oil enhanced cellular uptake of α-tocopherol. Cellular uptake was not enhanced further with higher oil supplementation (3% vs. 10%). These results indicated that addition of ingredients to sausages (fibres, protein derivatives or vegetable oils) did not have a detrimental effect on α-tocopherol uptake and olive oil at the 3% supplementation level enhanced α-tocopherol availability.

Effect of the co-occurring olive oil and thyme extracts on the phenolic bioaccesibility and bioavailability assessed by in vitro digestion and cell models

2014 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Rubió ◽  
Alba Macià ◽  
Anna Castell-Auví ◽  
Montserrat Pinent ◽  
M. Teresa Blay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Cell Models

Changes in Virgin Olive Oil Volatiles Caused by in Vitro Digestion

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (36) ◽  
pp. 7900-7907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Quintero-Flórez ◽  
Gabriel Beltrán ◽  
Araceli Sánchez-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
In Vitro Digestion

scholarly journals Foliar Zinc-Selenium and Nitrogen Fertilization Affects Content of Zn, Fe, Se, P, and Cd in Wheat Grain

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1549
Author(s):  
Zdenko Lončarić ◽  
Vladimir Ivezić ◽  
Darko Kerovec ◽  
Andrijana Rebekić
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
In Vitro Bioaccessibility

The grain yield and concentrations of Fe, Zn, Se, Cd, and P in two winter wheat genotypes and in vitro bioaccessibility of Fe and Zn under the effect of different nitrogen fertilization and Zn-Se foliar application were evaluated. The total grain Fe, Zn, and Se concentrations, as well as Fe and Zn concentrations, after in vitro digestion were under the strongest effect of foliar Zn-Se application. On the other hand, Fe and Zn bioaccessibility (%) were under the most substantial effect of genotype. Regarding the need to increase concentrations of essential micronutrients in wheat grain, foliar Zn-Se application is a reliable and accepted agricultural practice, but to improve mineral bioaccessibility in human nutrition, foliar Zn-Se application should be combined with the most responsive genotypes. For this reason, further research on the genotype specificity of wheat regarding micronutrient bioaccessibility should be carried out.

scholarly journals Study of the In Vitro Digestion of Olive Oil Enriched or Not with Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds. Relationships between Bioaccessibility of Main Components of Different Oils and Their Composition

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Alberdi-Cedeño ◽  
María L. Ibargoitia ◽  
María D. Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
In Vitro Bioaccessibility ◽  
Main Components

The changes provoked by in vitro digestion in the lipids of olive oil enriched or not with different phenolic compounds were studied by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). These changes were compared with those provoked in the lipids of corn oil and of virgin flaxseed oil submitted to the same digestive conditions. Lipolysis and oxidation were the two reactions under consideration. The bioaccessibility of main and minor components of olive oil, of phenolic compounds added, and of compounds formed as consequence of the oxidation, if any, were matters of attention. Enrichment of olive oil with antioxidant phenolic compounds does not affect the extent of lipolysis, but reduces the oxidation degree to minimum values or avoids it almost entirely. The in vitro bioaccessibility of nutritional and bioactive compounds was greater in the olive oil digestate than in those of other oils, whereas that of compounds formed in oxidation was minimal, if any. Very close quantitative relationships were found between the composition of the oils in main components and their in vitro bioaccessibility. These relationships, some of which have predictive value, can help to design lipid diets for different nutritional purposes.

Effect of dietary fat on the retention of calcium and phosphorus in buffaloes (Bos bubalis)

1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-362
Author(s):  
K. Nath ◽  
O. N. Agarwala
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Groundnut Oil ◽  
P Nutrition ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Fat Diets ◽  
Supplemental Fat

SUMMARYFive feeding and metabolism trials were conducted on buffaloes fed different amounts of groundnut oil as a source of supplemental fat. Ca and P retentions were determined. The first two trials were conducted on 12 and 16 milch buffaloes and the other three trials on 15, 15 and 4 buffalo bulls. The dietary fat ranged from 1·32 to 6·00% of the ration in milch buffaloes and 0·51 to 6·33% in buffalo bulls. The retentions of Ca and P did not differ significantly with the percentage of fat in the ration. This showed that the phenomenon of formation of Ca soaps with fatty acids in non-ruminants with consequent wastage of Ca does not seem to be applicable to ruminants which have a much lower pH in the duodenum and upper jejunum. It is concluded that under practical conditions of feeding, within the usual range of dietary fat in ruminants, there is no likelihood of an adverse effect on Ca and P nutrition such as is encountered in non-ruminants on high-fat diets.

Enhancement of ADP-induced Platelet Aggregation by Adrenaline in Vivo and Its Prevention

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroh Yamazaki ◽  
Itsuro Kobayashi ◽  
Tadahiro Sano ◽  
Takio Shimamoto
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
The Other ◽  
Endothelial Surface ◽  
Important Interaction ◽  
Blood Coagulability ◽  
The Difference

SummaryThe authors previously reported a transient decrease in adhesive platelet count and an enhancement of blood coagulability after administration of a small amount of adrenaline (0.1-1 µg per Kg, i. v.) in man and rabbit. In such circumstances, the sensitivity of platelets to aggregation induced by ADP was studied by an optical density method. Five minutes after i. v. injection of 1 µg per Kg of adrenaline in 10 rabbits, intensity of platelet aggregation increased to 115.1 ± 4.9% (mean ± S. E.) by 10∼5 molar, 121.8 ± 7.8% by 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before the injection by 10”6 molar ADP. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01-0.05). The above change was not observed in each group of rabbits injected with saline, 1 µg per Kg of 1-noradrenaline or 0.1 and 10 µg per Kg of adrenaline. Also, it was prevented by oral administration of 10 mg per Kg of phenoxybenzamine or propranolol or aspirin or pyridinolcarbamate 3 hours before the challenge. On the other hand, the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation was not observed in vitro, when 10-5 or 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before 10∼6 molar ADP was added to citrated platelet rich plasma (CPRP) of rabbit after incubation at 37°C for 30 second with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 µg per ml of adrenaline or noradrenaline. These results suggest an important interaction between endothelial surface and platelets in connection with the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by adrenaline in vivo.

ALDOSTERONE STIMULATION IN VITRO

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürg Müller
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Urine Extract ◽  
Similar Dose ◽  
Aldosterone Production

ABSTRACT An extract of human urine, which was previously shown to stimulate aldosterone production by rat adrenal sections, was further purified. Evidence was obtained that its aldosterone-stimulating effect was due to the presence of ammonium ions. Addition of ammonium chloride and of urine extract to the incubation medium caused identical increases in aldosterone production in vitro. In addition to ammonium ions, rubidium and caesium ions also stimulated aldosterone production up to 250% that of control values without a significant effect on corticosterone production. Similar dose-response curves were obtained when increasing concentrations of potassium, ammonium, rubidium and caesium ions were tested. Aldosterone production was maximal at concentrations of 7 mval/1 and was significantly lower at higher concentrations. When ammonium chloride and ACTH were simultaneously added to the incubation medium, the production of aldosterone and of corticosterone was lower than with ACTH alone. On the other hand, the stimulating activity on aldosterone and corticosterone production by »TPN« (NADP) and glucose-6-phosphate was enhanced by the simultaneous addition of ammonium chloride.

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