Fusarium verticillioides andFusarium graminearum Infection and Fumonisin B1 and Zearalenone Accumulation in Resveratrol-treated Corn

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marín ◽  
A. J. Ramos ◽  
D. Cuevas ◽  
V. Sanchis
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Wine Grapes

Resveratrol antimycotoxigenic activity was tested against Fusarium verticillioidesand Fusarium graminearum in corn. Both trans-resveratrol and RES VIN® (a commercial lyophilised polyphenolic product obtained from the skins of red wine grapes, which contains a 10.015% resveratrol) were tested for their efficacy to control mycotoxins accumulation in corn. In particular, their effects were tested against fumonisin B1(FB1) and zearalenone (ZEA) accumulation in naturally contaminated corn with additional inocula of toxinogenic isolates of either F. verticillioides or F. graminearum. ZEA accumulation was reduced by 80% in F. graminearum inoculated samples, while no inhibition of FB1 accumulation was observed in any of the treatments tested. Resveratrol has previously shown to have antifungal properties against certain fungal species. Thus, studies are needed using higher resveratrol concentrations in order to achieve wider antimycotoxigenic effect as reported in in vitro studies. Trans-resveratrol and RES VIN® had similar effects in the experiment carried out, suggesting that the use of the sub product of the wine industry could be a good alternative to synthetic resveratrol.

In vitro studies of the effects of aflatoxin B1 and fumonisin B1 on trypsin-like and collagenase-like activity from the hepatopancreas of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Aquaculture ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 250 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 399-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Burgos-Hernández ◽  
Sergio I. Farias ◽  
Wilfrido Torres-Arreola ◽  
Josafat M. Ezquerra-Brauer
Keyword(s):  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
White Shrimp

scholarly journals In Vitro Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Genetic Structure of Fusarium verticillioides Strains from Five Mediterranean Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Beccari ◽  
Łukasz Stępień ◽  
Andrea Onofri ◽  
Veronica M. T. Lattanzio ◽  
Biancamaria Ciasca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Genetic Profile ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Intergenic Regions ◽  
Fumonisin B2 ◽  
High Level

Investigating the in vitro fumonisin biosynthesis and the genetic structure of Fusarium verticillioides populations can provide important insights into the relationships between strains originating from various world regions. In this study, 90 F. verticillioides strains isolated from maize in five Mediterranean countries (Italy, Spain, Tunisia, Egypt and Iran) were analyzed to investigate their ability to in vitro biosynthesize fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2 and fumonisin B3 and to characterize their genetic profile. In general, 80% of the analyzed strains were able to biosynthesize fumonisins (range 0.03–69.84 μg/g). Populations from Italy, Spain, Tunisia and Iran showed a similar percentage of fumonisin producing strains (>90%); conversely, the Egyptian population showed a lower level of producing strains (46%). Significant differences in fumonisin biosynthesis were detected among strains isolated in the same country and among strains isolated from different countries. A portion of the divergent FUM1 gene and of intergenic regions FUM6-FUM7 and FUM7-FUM8 were sequenced to evaluate strain diversity among populations. A high level of genetic uniformity inside the populations analyzed was detected. Apparently, neither geographical origin nor fumonisin production ability were correlated to the genetic diversity of the strain set. However, four strains from Egypt differed from the remaining strains.

scholarly journals Commercial Biocontrol Agents Reveal Contrasting Comportments Against Two Mycotoxigenic Fungi in Cereals: Fusarium Graminearum and Fusarium Verticillioides

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucile Pellan ◽  
Noël Durand ◽  
Véronique Martinez ◽  
Angélique Fontana ◽  
Sabine Schorr-Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Growth Inhibition Zone ◽  
Mycotoxigenic Fungi ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of commercialized biological control agents (BCAs) against two major mycotoxigenic fungi in cereals, Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium verticillioides, which are trichothecene and fumonisin producers, respectively. With these objectives in mind, three commercial BCAs were selected with contrasting uses and microorganism types (T. asperellum, S. griseoviridis, P. oligandrum) and a culture medium was identified to develop an optimized dual culture bioassay method. Their comportment was examined in dual culture bioassay in vitro with both fusaria to determine growth and mycotoxin production kinetics. Antagonist activity and variable levels or patterns of mycotoxinogenesis inhibition were observed depending on the microorganism type of BCA or on the culture conditions (e.g., different nutritional sources), suggesting that contrasting biocontrol mechanisms are involved. S. griseoviridis leads to a growth inhibition zone where the pathogen mycelium structure is altered, suggesting the diffusion of antimicrobial compounds. In contrast, T. asperellum and P. oligandrum are able to grow faster than the pathogen. T. asperellum showed the capacity to degrade pathogenic mycelia, involving chitinolytic activities. In dual culture bioassay with F. graminearum, this BCA reduced the growth and mycotoxin concentration by 48% and 72%, respectively, and by 78% and 72% in dual culture bioassay against F. verticillioides. P. oligandrum progressed over the pathogen colony, suggesting a close type of interaction such as mycoparasitism, as confirmed by microscopic observation. In dual culture bioassay with F. graminearum, P. oligandrum reduced the growth and mycotoxin concentration by 79% and 93%, respectively. In the dual culture bioassay with F. verticillioides, P. oligandrum reduced the growth and mycotoxin concentration by 49% and 56%, respectively. In vitro dual culture bioassay with different culture media as well as the nutritional phenotyping of different microorganisms made it possible to explore the path of nutritional competition in order to explain part of the observed inhibition by BCAs.

scholarly journals Avaliação in vitro de atividade antimicrobiana de peptídeos anfipáticos derivados de proteínas do soro de leite

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Audrey Feijó Corrêa ◽  
Chibuike Udenigwe ◽  
Fernando Bittencourt Luciano
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, in vitro, a atividade antimicrobiana de peptídeos anfipáticos derivados de proteínas do soro de leite contra importantes microrganismos patogênicos e toxigênicos. Para isto, foram testados dois peptídeos de 16 e 6 aminoácidos, de sequências HQPHQPLPPTVMFPPQ e KIPAVF respectivamente, frente às bactérias Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes e Escherichia coli, e frente aos fungos Aspergillus parasiticus, Fusarium verticillioides e Fusarium graminearum. Buscou-se determinar as concentrações inibitórias mínimas (CIMs) dos dois peptídeos contra os microrganismos utilizando o método de microdiluição em placas de 96 poços. Foram testadas doses de até 5000 mg.L-1 de cada peptídeo, contudo, não foi possível determinar suas CIMs frente aos patógenos e contaminantes testados. Analisando trabalhos similares com peptídeos e/ou lisados proteicos de soro de leite, percebe-se uma variação muito grande entre os resultados. Isso demonstra a divergência de bioatividade de peptídeos com diferentes sequências, além das possíveis diferentes respostas celulares a estas moléculas, tais como metabolização e alterações não-letais. Assim, conclui-se que os peptídeos aqui testados não são bons candidatos para aplicação na indústria de alimentos. Doses mais elevadas dos peptídeos não foram testadas, pois inviabilizaria sua aplicação em alimentos devido ao alto custo de obtenção.

scholarly journals Immunobiological Effects of Fumonisin B1 in Experimental Subchronic Mycotoxicoses in Rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Theumer ◽  
A. G. López ◽  
D. T. Masih ◽  
S. N. Chulze ◽  
H. R. Rubinstein
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Interleukin 4

ABSTRACT Fumonisin B1 (FB1), the principal secondary metabolite produced by the fungus Fusarium verticillioides (Gibberella fujikuroi mating population A), is a potent toxin that can be found in fungus-contaminated corn and corn-based food products. We have investigated the immunobiological effects of subchronic dietary exposure to FB1 in male Wistar rats. Animals were fed with diets containing 0 (control) or 100 ppm of FB1 for 12 weeks. The total FB1 intake on day 90 was 810 mg/kg of body weight. Food consumption, body weight, and body weight gain on day 90 were reduced in animals exposed to FB1. Histopathologic changes consisted of histiocytic perivascular infiltrate and an increased number of Kupffer cells in the liver, necrosis and apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells in the kidney, and increased mitotic figures and lymphocytic infiltrate in the small intestine. Serum enzyme alkaline phosphatase was significantly elevated in rats fed FB1, while triglyceride levels decreased compared to controls. Treatment with FB1 in vivo or in vitro did not have a significant effect on mitogen-induced proliferation of spleen mononuclear cells. However, increased levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and decreased levels of IL-10 were released by these cells in culture compared to controls. FB1 in vivo or in vitro decreased the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) released by peritoneal macrophages, while no changes in levels of superoxide anion produced by total peritoneal cells were detected. The results from the present work demonstrate that subchronic FB1 intake could affect the small intestine and alter the interleukin profile and some main functions of macrophages in antitumor activity.

scholarly journals Efficacy of potential biocontrol agents for control of Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin B1 under different environmental conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I.P. Samsudin ◽  
N. Magan
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Clonostachys Rosea ◽  
Inhibition Studies ◽  
Spore Cell

A mycotoxigenic strain of Fusarium verticillioides previously isolated from Malaysian maize kernels and identified morphologically and molecularly was used in the present work. The objectives were (1) to screen the competitiveness of three potential antagonists isolated from Malaysian maize and three other known candidates for control of growth of F. verticillioides in vitro based on interaction scores, growth rates and hyphal area of F. verticillioides, and (2) to examine the best candidates using different spore/cell ratios on milled maize agar at different water activity conditions on relative control of fumonisin B1 (FB1). Three fungi and three bacteria (BCAs 1-6) were examined for antagonistic effects against F. verticillioides in dual-culture assays. These showed that all fungal candidates intermingled with F. verticillioides while all bacterial candidates inhibited F. verticillioides on contact or at a distance, which in turn decreased the growth rates and hyphal area of F. verticillioides significantly. Although BCA1 (Clonostachys rosea 016) did not inhibit growth or hyphal area of F. verticillioides, it was included in FB1 inhibition studies with other bacterial candidates (BCA4, Streptomyces sp. AS1; BCA5, Gram-negative rod; BCA6, Enterobacter hormaechei) because of its established mycoparasitism. The FB1 inhibition studies were conducted on milled maize agar with different spore/cell ratios of pathogen:antagonist mixtures at 0.95/0.98 water activity (aw) and 25 °C for 14 days. FB1 biosynthesis for all treatments was significantly higher at 0.95 than 0.98 aw. Of the four antagonists tested, the best was BCA1 which inhibited FB1 biosynthesis by 73 and 100% at 0.95 and 0.98 aw, respectively. BCA5 was the next best, resulting in 38 and 78% FB1 inhibition at 0.95 and 0.98 aw, respectively. The pathogen:antagonist ratios for BCA1 and BCA5 showed best results at 50:50 and 25:75. These results were discussed in context of using biocontrol agents to minimise fumonisins in maize.

scholarly journals Determination of the amount of bioaccessible fumonisin B1 in different matrices after in vitro digestion

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szabó-Fodor ◽  
C. Dall'Asta ◽  
C. Falavigna ◽  
M. Kachlek ◽  
Á. Szécsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Pre Treatment

Conventional analytical methods used for the analysis of fumonisin content in animal feeds fail to take into account the fumonisin content bound to the matrix, which is otherwise bioaccessible and can be absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, underestimation of fumonisin content using routine analytical methods can affect animal experiments using cereals contaminated by fungi. In the present study, hidden fumonisin B1 was analysed in two cereal substrates (maize and wheat) which were inoculated with Fusarium verticillioides (MRC 826). The study compared a routine extraction procedure with an in vitro digestion sample pre-treatment. We found that all samples showed a higher content of fumonisin B1 after digestion, compared to the free fumonisin obtained only by extraction. The percentage of the hidden form was 38.6% (±18.5) in maize and 28.3% (±17.8) in wheat, expressed as the proportion of total fumonisin B1. These results indicate that the toxin exposure of the animals determined by the routine fumonisin analysis was underestimated, generally by 40%, as bioaccessibility was not taken into consideration. This is crucial in interpretation (and maybe in re-evaluation) of the results obtained from (other) animal experiments.

In vitro Studies on the Effects of Sugar Beet Fields Prevalent Herbicides on the Beneficial and Deletrious Fungal Species

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Pakdaman ◽  
H. Khabbaz . ◽  
E. M. Goltapeh . ◽  
H. A. Afshari .
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
In Vitro Studies

scholarly journals Characterization of Cladosporium Rot in Grapevines, a Problem of Growing Importance in Chile

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 1635-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika X. Briceño ◽  
Bernardo A. Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Table Grapes

Cladosporium rot (Cladosporium spp.) of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is a common disease in Chile, particularly in Cabernet Sauvignon and other red wine grape cultivars. It is favored by delayed harvest to obtain the phenolic maturity necessary for high-quality red wine. This study expands on previous investigations of the specific causal agents, the histopathological host:pathogen relationship, and the population dynamics of Cladosporium spp. during the seasonal development of grape clusters. Over 100 isolates were obtained and identified as C. cladosporioides and C. herbarum, confirming previous results. The identity of a subset of isolates was confirmed by molecular analysis. Isolates of both C. cladosporioides and C. herbarum from grapevines were pathogenic on inoculated table grapes and wine grapes. These pathogens were reisolated, fulfilling Koch's postulates. Berry injuries and total soluble solids content above 15% were necessary for Cladosporium spp. to infect wine grapes. The mycelia of C. cladosporioides and C. herbarum grew between 0 and 30°C, but no growth was obtained at 35°C in vitro. The histological studies showed that Cladosporium spp. superficially colonize mature V. vinifera berries, invading the epidermis but scarcely penetrating the hypodermis. The Cladosporium populations obtained on apparently healthy berries of V. vinifera cvs. Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay were significantly larger (P = 0.05) than the populations obtained under similar conditions on berries of V. champini cv. Ramsey and hybrids Kober 5BB and Couderc 1613. Considering the importance of Cladosporium rot in Chile compared with other grape production areas, the development of control strategies is needed to prevent high disease severity, which affects both yield and wine quality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document