Prevalence, Patient Characteristics, and Pharmacological Treatment of Children, Adolescents, and Adults Diagnosed With ADHD in Sweden

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
MaiBritt Giacobini ◽  
Emma Medin ◽  
Ewa Ahnemark ◽  
Leo J. Russo ◽  
Peter Carlqvist
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Drug Register ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of diagnosed ADHD and the pharmacological treatment of patients with ADHD in Sweden. Specifically, this study estimates the prevalence of patients with a newly registered diagnosis of ADHD over a 5-year period, and the prevalence of all patients with a registered ADHD diagnoses over a 6-year period in Sweden. Method: Two population-based registries were used as data sources for this study; the National Patient Register (NPR) and the Prescribed Drug Register (PDR). The international Classification of Diseases 10th Revison (ICD-10) was used to identify patients with ADHD. Results: The annual prevalence of ADHD in the general population of Sweden was found to be 1.1 per 1,000 persons in the year 2006 increasing to 4.8 per 1,000 persons in 2011. The corresponding prevalence for newly diagnosed patients increased from 0.6 per 1,000 persons in 2007 to 1.3 per 1,000 persons in 2011. The majority of diagnosed patients received pharmacological treatment, with methylphenidate being the most common dispensed drug. Comorbidities in the autism spectrum were most common for younger patients, while substance abuse, anxiety, and personality disorder were the most common comorbidities in older patients. Conclusion: From 2006 to 2011, the number of patients diagnosed with ADHD has increased in Sweden over all ages. The majority of patients diagnosed with ADHD in Sweden received a pharmacological treatment regardless of age. An ADHD diagnosis was often accompanied with psychiatric comorbidity.

Identification of Patients with CKD in Medical Databases

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-551
Author(s):  
Søren Viborg Vestergaard ◽  
Christian Fynbo Christiansen ◽  
Reimar Wernich Thomsen ◽  
Henrik Birn ◽  
Uffe Heide-Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Single Test ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
Urine Albumin ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

Background and objectivesDespite CKD consensus definitions, epidemiologic studies use multiple different algorithms to identify CKD. We aimed to elucidate if this affects the patient characteristics and the estimated prevalence and prognosis of CKD by applying six different algorithms to identify CKD in population-based medical databases and compare the cohorts.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsPatients with CKD in Northern Denmark (2009–2016) were identified using six different algorithms: five were laboratory based defined by (1) one measured outpatient eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (single test, n=103,435), (2) two such findings ≥90 days apart (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, n=84,688), (3) two such findings ≥90 days apart with no eGFR >60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 observed in-between (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, persistent, n=68,994), (4) two such findings ≥90 and <365 days apart (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, time limited, n=75,031), and (5) two eGFRs <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or two urine albumin-creatinine ratios >30 mg/g ≥90 days apart (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, eGFR/albuminuria, n=100,957). The sixth included patients identified by reported in- and outpatient hospital International Classification of Diseases diagnoses of CKD (hospital-diagnosed, n=27,947). For each cohort, we estimated baseline eGFR, CKD prevalence, and 1-year mortality using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsThe five different laboratory-based algorithms resulted in large differences in the estimated prevalence of CKD from 4637–8327 per 100,000 population. In contrast, 1-year mortality varied only slightly (7%–9%). Baseline eGFR levels at diagnosis were comparable (53–56 ml/min per 1.73 m2), whereas median time since first recorded eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 varied from 0 months (single-test) to 17 months (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, persistent). The hospital-diagnosed algorithm yielded markedly lower CKD prevalence (775 per 100,000 population), a lower baseline eGFR (47 ml/min per 1.73 m2), longer time since first eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (median 70 months), and much higher 1-year mortality (22%).ConclusionsPopulation prevalence of CKD identified in medical databases greatly depends on the applied algorithm to define CKD. Despite these differences, laboratory-based algorithms produce cohorts with similar prognosis.PodcastThis article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2021_03_11_CJN15691020_final.mp3

scholarly journals Nationwide Incidence of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) Assessed by Insurance Claim Data in Germany

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Lemcke ◽  
Dirk Stengel ◽  
Florian Stockhammer ◽  
Claas Güthoff ◽  
Veit Rohde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Claim Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the epidemiology of the idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) in Germany. Methods: The database of the nationwide Barmer Health Insurance was queried for specific combinations of corresponding International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) codes and OPS codes (German modification of the ICPM and official classification of surgical procedures) in order to assess the number of patients treated for iNPH and the number surgical procedures associated with the disease in a 10 years period between 2003 and 2012. Results: Between 2003 and 2012, the incidence of iNPH increased from zero to 1.36/100.000/year. Conclusion: This is the first population-based epidemiologic study on iNPH in Germany covering a ten year period.

scholarly journals Risk and predictors of heart failure in sarcoidosis in a population-based cohort study from Sweden

Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. heartjnl-2021-319129
Author(s):  
Marios Rossides ◽  
Susanna Kullberg ◽  
Johan Grunewald ◽  
Anders Eklund ◽  
Daniela Di Giuseppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
General Population ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

ObjectivesPrevious studies showed a strong association between sarcoidosis and heart failure (HF) but did not consider risk stratification or risk factors to identify useful aetiological insights. We estimated overall and stratified HRs and identified risk factors for HF in sarcoidosis.MethodsSarcoidosis cases were identified from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR; ≥2 International Classification of Diseases-coded visits, 2003–2013) and matched to general population comparators. They were followed for HF in the NPR. Treated were cases who were dispensed ≥1 immunosuppressant ±3 months from the first sarcoidosis visit (2006–2013). Using Cox models, we estimated HRs adjusted for demographics and comorbidity and identified independent risk factors of HF together with their attributable fractions (AFs).ResultsDuring follow-up, 204 of 8574 sarcoidosis cases and 721 of 84 192 comparators were diagnosed with HF (rate 2.2 vs 0.7/1000 person-years, respectively). The HR associated with sarcoidosis was 2.43 (95% CI 2.06 to 2.86) and did not vary by age, sex or treatment status. It was higher during the first 2 years after diagnosis (HR 3.7 vs 1.9) and in individuals without a history of ischaemic heart disease (IHD; HR 2.7 vs 1.7). Diabetes, atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias were the strongest independent clinical predictors of HF (HR 2.5 each, 2-year AF 20%, 16% and 12%, respectively).ConclusionsAlthough low, the HF rate was more than twofold increased in sarcoidosis compared with the general population, particularly right after diagnosis. IHD history cannot solely explain these risks, whereas ventricular arrhythmias indicating cardiac sarcoidosis appear to be a strong predictor of HF in sarcoidosis.

Prevalence and Incidence of Heart Failure Among Urban Patients in China: A National Population-Based Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Wang ◽  
Ke Chai ◽  
Minghui Du ◽  
Shengfeng Wang ◽  
Jian-Ping Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Unique Identifier ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Mean Cost ◽  
Incident Cases

Background: Large-scale and population-based studies of heart failure (HF) incidence and prevalence are scarce in China. The study sought to estimate the prevalence, incidence, and cost of HF in China. Methods: We conducted a population-based study using records of 50.0 million individuals ≥25 years old from the national urban employee basic medical insurance from 6 provinces in China in 2017. Incident cases were individuals with a diagnosis of HF (International Classification of Diseases code, and text of diagnosis) in 2017 with a 4-year disease-free period (2013–2016). We calculated standardized rates by applying age standardization to the 2010 Chinese census population. Results: The age-standardized prevalence and incidence were 1.10% (1.10% among men and women) and 275 per 100 000 person-years (287 among men and 261 among women), respectively, accounting for 12.1 million patients with HF and 3.0 million patients with incident HF ≥25 years old. Both prevalence and incidence increased with increasing age (0.57%, 3.86%, and 7.55% for prevalence and 158, 892, and 1655 per 100 000 person-years for incidence among persons who were 25–64, 65–79, and ≥80 years of age, respectively). The inpatient mean cost per-capita was $4406.8 and the proportion with ≥3 hospitalizations among those hospitalized was 40.5%. The outpatient mean cost per-capita was $892.3. Conclusions: HF has placed a considerable burden on health systems in China, and strategies aimed at the prevention and treatment of HF are needed. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2000029094.

Readmission after Adult Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty: A Population-Based Inpatient Cohort Study in Taiwan

2018 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Shuo Hsu ◽  
Wei-Chung Hsu ◽  
Jenq-Yuh Ko ◽  
Te-Huei Yeh ◽  
Chia-Hsuan Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Risk Of Bleeding ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Insurance Database ◽  
Population Based Survey

Objective To investigate readmissions among adult inpatients who underwent uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in Taiwan. Design Population-based survey. Setting Retrospective study with the National Health Insurance Database. Methods All cases of inpatient adult UPPP (age >20 years) from 1997 to 2012 were identified through International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification. Factors associated with readmission within 30 days after surgery were analyzed. Results A total of 38,839 adults with UPPP were identified (mean age, 39.3 years; men, 73.7%). The incidence of UPPP was 14.6 per 100 000 adults, which increased from 1997 to 2012 (6.7 to 16.7 per 100,000, Ptrend < .001). The rates of readmission for any reason, readmission for bleeding, reoperation for bleeding, and 30-day mortality were 4.2%, 1.7%, 1.0%, and 0.14%, respectively. Young age increased the risk of reoperation for bleeding, and old age increased the risk of readmission for any reason and mortality. Men had an increased risk of readmission and reoperation. Hypertension was associated with an increased risk of readmission for any reason (odds ratio [OR], 1.29; 95% CI, 1.10-1.51), bleeding-related readmission (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.52-2.36), and reoperation (OR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.84-3.30). Concurrent hypopharyngeal surgery was associated with an increased risk of readmission for any reason (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.07-1.66) and bleeding-related readmission (OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.25-2.27). Finally, the use of steroids was associated with an increased risk of bleeding-related readmission and reoperation. Conclusions The incidence of adult UPPP increased from 1997 to 2012 in Taiwan. Age, sex, comorbidity, concurrent hypopharyngeal surgery, and drug administration were associated with readmission after inpatient UPPP.

Prevalence and incidence of doctor-diagnosed Dupuytren’s disease: a population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nordenskjöld ◽  
M. Englund ◽  
C. Zhou ◽  
I. Atroshi
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dupuytren’S Disease ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Dupuytren's Disease ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
First Time

The prevalence and incidence of doctor-diagnosed Dupuytren’s disease in the general population is unknown. From the healthcare register for Skåne region (population 1.3 million) in southern Sweden, we identified all residents aged ⩾20 years (on 31 December 2013), who 1998 to 2013 had consulted a doctor and received the diagnosis Dupuytren’s disease (International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision code M720). During the 16 years, 7207 current residents (72% men) had been diagnosed with Dupuytren’s disease; the prevalence among men was 1.35% and among women 0.5%. Of all people diagnosed, 56% had received treatment (87% fasciectomy). In 2013, the incidence of first-time doctor-diagnosed Dupuytren’s disease among men was 14 and among women five per 10,000. The annual incidence among men aged ⩾50 years was 27 per 10,000. Clinically important Dupuytren’s disease is common in the general population. Level of evidence: III

scholarly journals Non-specific diagnoses are frequent in patients hospitalized after calling 112 and their mortality is high – a register-based Danish cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederikke Vestergaard Nielsen ◽  
Mette Rønn Nielsen ◽  
Ida Lund Lorenzen ◽  
Jesper Amstrup ◽  
Torben Anders Kløjgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Abstract Background The number of patients calling for an ambulance increases. A considerable number of patients receive a non-specific diagnosis at discharge from the hospital, and this could imply less serious acute conditions, but the mortality has only scarcely been studied. The aim of this study was to examine the most frequent sub-diagnoses among patients with hospital non-specific diagnoses after calling 112 and their subsequent mortality. Methods A historical cohort study of patients brought to the hospital by ambulance after calling 112 in 2007-2014 and diagnosed with a non-specific diagnosis, chapter R or Z, in the International Classification of Diseases, 10 th edition (ICD-10). 1-day and 30-day mortality was analyzed by survival analyses and compared by the log-rank test. Results We included 74,847 ambulance runs in 53,937 unique individuals. The most frequent diagnoses were ‘unspecified disease’ (Z039), constituting 47.0 % (n 35,279). In children 0-9 years old, ‘febrile convulsions’ was the most frequent non-specific diagnosis used in 54.3 % (n 1,602). Overall, 1- and 30-day mortality was 2.2 % (n 1,205) and 6.0 % (n 3,258). The highest mortality was in the diagnostic group ‘suspected cardiovascular disease’ (Z035) and ‘unspecified disease’ (Z039) with 1-day mortality 2.6 % (n 43) and 2.4 % (n 589), and 30 day mortality of 6.32 % (n 104) and 8.1 % (n 1,975). Conclusion Among patients calling an ambulance and discharged with non-specific diagnoses the 1- and 30-day mortality, despite modest mortality percentages lead to a high number of deaths.

scholarly journals Links Between Strokes and Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Population-Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Farah N. Chowdhury ◽  
G. Sanjaya Chandrarathne ◽  
Kristopher D. Masilamani ◽  
Jennifer T. N. LaBranche ◽  
Shaun Malo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Stroke Subtype ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Centre Of Excellence ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

AbstractBackgroundHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a disease of abnormal vasculature where patients are predisposed to strokes of multiple etiologies. We assessed yearly stroke incidence among Albertans with HHT and compared with the general population. Given the tendency for stroke in HHT patients, we expected HHT patients to have higher stroke incidence, in particular at younger ages.MethodsPopulation-based administrative health data on inpatient and ambulatory admissions were extracted over a 16-year period using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 and ICD-10, Canada codes. We analyzed overall occurrence of strokes in Alberta by age, gender, stroke subtype, and diagnosis of HHT.ResultsThe age-standardized incidence rate of stroke in HHT was 450 per 100,000 compared with 260 per 100,000 in the general population with a rate ratio of 1.73 (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.046-2.842]). This study found a higher HHT prevalence in Alberta (1 in 3800) compared to the world average of 1 in 5000. Women were also more likely to be diagnosed with HHT, with a 3.25:1 female gender preponderance in the yearly incidence.InterpretationThis study not only shows that HHT patients are at higher risk of having a stroke but also quantifies that risk using an age-adjusted metric in Alberta. This province has a higher than expected disease burden of HHT, with the majority of cases affecting women. Our study found that acute ischemic strokes and transient ischemic attacks are far more common than hemorrhage in HHT. As HHT is a rare, multi-system, chronic disease, these patients should be referred to an HHT Centre of Excellence.

scholarly journals The risk of asthma is increased among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a twin study

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 00018-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Zierau ◽  
Howraman Meteran ◽  
Vibeke Backer ◽  
Svend Lindenberg ◽  
Axel Skytthe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
National Patient ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Danish Twin

BackgroundRecent registry studies have demonstrated a higher prevalence of asthma among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to assess the association and heritability of PCOS and asthma in a Danish twin cohort.MethodsData for 32 382 female twins from the Danish Twin Registry were included. Twins with PCOS were identified by searching the Danish National Patient Registry for International Classification of Diseases-10 code E28.2. Asthma was diagnosed by questionnaires.Results103 (0.3%) women had a PCOS diagnosis. The risk of asthma was increased among women with PCOS compared with women without (18% versus 9%, respectively; OR 2.11 (95% CI 1.13–3.96); p=0.02). After adjustment for age, body mass index, alcohol consumption and smoking status, the risk of asthma was still increased, but was no longer statistically significant (OR 1.54 (95% CI 0.75–3.17); p=0.24). Variance components analysis showed that shared environmental factors explained 49% (95% CI 24–68%) and unique environmental factors explained 51% (95% CI 32–76%) of the susceptibility to PCOS. For asthma, 44% (95% CI 28–61%) of the variance was explained by genetic factors, whereas 25% (95% CI 11–38%) was ascribable to shared environmental factors and 31% (95% CI 26–36%) to unique environmental factors.ConclusionThe risk of asthma is twice as high among female twins with PCOS. The individual susceptibility to PCOS is mainly due to environmental factors and not genetics.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: the Swedish Prescribed Drugs and Health Cohort (SPREDH)

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e023155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Hua Xie ◽  
Giola Santoni ◽  
Fredrik Mattsson ◽  
Eivind Ness-Jensen ◽  
Jesper Lagergren
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Drug Register ◽  
Incident Cancer

PurposeThe Swedish Prescribed Drugs and Health Cohort (SPREDH) is a Swedish population-based cohort based on data from four nationwide health data registers, created with the aim of investigating how the use of selected medications influences cancer risk and other outcomes.ParticipantsThe cohort includes 8 421 115 users of selected common medications who have been followed-up for a total of 82 281 720 person-years from 1 July 2005 to 31 December 2015.Finding to dateThe data in SPREDH were prospectively collected from the following national health data registers in Sweden: Prescribed Drug Register, Patient Register, Cancer Register and Causes of Death Register. Data on basic patient characteristics, use of the selected common medications, healthcare utilisation, diagnoses (including detailed information on cancers), and dates and causes of death are available for all cohort participants. The cohort currently includes 801 766 incident cancer cases.Future plansThe data in SPREDH can be used for various types of epidemiological research, particularly for examining how the use of the selected medications influences disease risk and other outcomes. We are initially planning cohort studies and nested case-control studies on selected medications in relation to the risk and prognosis of oesophageal and gastric cancers.

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